Document Nk7Bn64GXjrLzRbqG8jRg2Ny

1957 CONTENDS NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL OFFICERS p. 5-11 SAFETY EXPOSITION EXHIBITORS p. 55-S3 AVIATION SECTION OFFICERS p. 32-35 CEMENT AND QUARRY OFFICERS p. 11 CONTROLLING HEALTH HAZARDS IN A CHEMICAL Section) pr eunoccn i :s: s, fibrosis, dust p. 10 PLANT p. 9-11 (Chemical LIVING IN ""HE AIR WE BREATHE p. 11-32 Jusr- r esp ir at ors, asbestos dust, p n li/no c n i s -- p ^ w respirators p. 15 fi1 ms p. 24 asbestos curtain p. 26 (Chemical Section) silicosis, toxic * dus^s, A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TOXIC CHEMICALS p. 44-51. (Chemical Section) CHEMICAL SECTION, OFFICERS p. 57 COAL MINING SECTION OFFICERS p. 41-43 CONSTRUCTION SECTION OFFICERS p. 74, 75 ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT OFFICERS AND PUBLIC UTILITIES p. 42-46 FARM SAFETY OFFICERS p. 30, 31 FERTILIZER SECTIONiiOfTFICERS p._ 22, 23 FOOD, MEAT'PACKING iTRADES, OFFICERS p. 59-63 GLASS, CERAMICS,. RUBBER, OFFICERS p. 31-34 (Raybestos Manhattan) HOME-SAFETY CONFERENCE p. 59 __ ___ ^ INDUSTRIAL SAFETY - A.S.S.E. OFFICERS p. 1OS-110 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CONTROL Safety Section) dust, industrial poisons THROUGH ENGINEERING p. 11-12 (Labor NSC-14 LABOR'S S^KE IN SAFETY p. 16-21 occupational disease p. IS silicosis'p.' 19 pneumoconiosis p. 19 asbestos and lung cancer p. 20 LABOR CONFERENCE OFFICERS p. 34, 35 MARITIME t'MARINE.'* OFFICERS p. 51-54 METALS SECTION (AUTOMOTIVE, MACHINE, POWER PRESS) OFFICERS p. 31 34 INCENTIVE AWARDS FOR GOOD SAFETY RECORDS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY (Mining Section) Asbestos Corporation Limited p. 20--23 MINING SECTION OFFICERS MOTOR TRANSPORTATION p. 53, 59 NEW '`RENDS IN OCCUPATIONAL HEAuTH PROGRAMS p. 1C0315 p* workmen's comp p. 14 14-17 _ OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSING SECTION OFFICERS p. 19 PETROLEUM SECTION OFFICERS p. 49, 50 PRINTING, PUBLISHING SECTION OFFICERS p. 23 PULP AND PAPER SECTION OFFICERS p. 61-63 RAILROAD SECTION OFFICERS p. 33-34 SCHOOL AND COLLEGE SAFETY OFFICERS p. 123-125 TRAFFIC SAFlii^OFrilERS p. 67 TRANSIT SBgEJON^OFFICERS p. 39 WOOD, TE^^SfiriEiCERS p. 43-46 IKi 1 Ih I RRENJT SAFETY TOPICS Volume 1 u> FILE ROOM NEWARK PUBLIC LIBRARY s I GENERAL SESSIONS Transactions of the 45th National Safety Congress (Oc ^[-25,19$7` Chicago*$ffi& rili J'- TV- 000335 CONTENTS I SfOfficer*, Trustees, and Board of Directors....................................................... ANNUAL COUNCIL MEETING Minutes ................................................................................................. .............. 121' 1 Invocation............................................................. Dr. Paul Minnich Robinson ! 15 > The President's Report........................................................... Ned H. Dearborn 16 ; 1958 National Safety Good Turn.......................................... Warren Meland 19 1 Women in Industry....................................................... Mrs. Gertrude H. Frese 20 Keynote Address................................................. Major General B. K. Young 25 ANNUAL BANQUET "1Banquet Address...........................................Honorable William G. Stratton Award Presentation. ................... i...................................... Paul G. Hoffman 33 WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES - Our Role in Safety Leadership...................................... Mrs. Raymond Sayre 37 Time for Decision....................................................... .. .William G. Johnson 38 .The Traffic Problem.................................................................. James D. Hill 41 Fundamentals of Home Safety Activities.................Miss Eunice Heywood 51 The^Philosophy of the Beaded Shoes......................... Charles W. Ferguson 52 wmicers ................................................................................................................ 54 Safety Exposition Exhibitors.............................................................-............... 55 Index to all Current Safety Topics volumes 2 65 i LEARNING TO LIVE ... Learning to live--safely--was the drawing card which brought more than 13,000 men and women from the United States and 27 other countries to Chicago for the 45th National Safety Congress. These people gathered to exchange the latest ideas in safe attitudes, safe methods and safe equipment. Through speeches, panel discussions and symposiums, they acquired new ideas for helping others--and themselves--to live, work, and play safely. This was the reason the National Safety Council was organized less than half a century ago, a time when man's thoughts barely kept pace with the industrial revolution. Since then, man has introduced an atomic age which is bringing the continents closer and has made the earth a smaller world. And now man anticipates inter-space travel I Through science and technology, man is progressing to increasing speeds in travel and production, and increasing dangers--new dangers never before encountered. These, in addition to the everyday hazards of life, occupied the thoughts of the safety people at the Congress. To encourage ' more widespread knowledge of the various fields of safety, the National Safety Council publishes -he Current Safety Topics--30 volumes of condensations of Codgrdts speeches and exchanges of ideas. Each volume is a handy reference to different phases of accident prevention. The complete set of volumes are listed bn thd hack page of each volume. . '. " . i -A . Since the proceedings have been' etUied and condensed for reference purposes, the complete original manuscriptillSidth any charts or illustrations used, are available in the National 'j'SalidyWjouncil files. Views expressed at the Congress or in any volume o? Current Safety Topics are those of the Congress participants, and not necessarily those of the National Safety Council. . Uu?,-.; 'taLRr 0003 3(> ; National 1] Safety Council 3| i. ' I OFFICERS i_ | Chairman, Board of Directors--Walter F. Carey, Automobile Car- | riers Inc., Flint, Midi. [ Vice Chairman, Board of Directors--Da. Lowell B. Fisher, Presi| dent, North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary Schools, | University of Illinois, Urbana, III. | President--Ned H. Dearborn, President, National Safety Council, | Chicago, Hi. I Vice-President for Farms--Kirk Fox, Editor, Successful Farming, | Meredith Publishing Co., Des Moines, Iowa. | Vice-President for Finance, and Treasurer--WilliamII. Lowe, | Treasurer, Inland Steel Co.,Chicago, III. | Vice-President for Homes--Dr. George M. Wheatley, Third Vice | President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., New York, N. Y. Vice-President for Industry--Gerard O. Griffin, Director of Safety, Dravo Corp., Neville Island, Piltsburrh, Pa. Vice-President for Labor--P. L. Sif.miij.er, General Vice President, International Association of Machinists, Chicago, 111. Vice-President for Local Safety Organisations.--Walter K. Kocii, President, Mountain States Telephone and Telegraph Co., Denver Cola* .' Vice-President for Membership--Edward C. Myers, Vice-President, United States Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. . Vice-President for Public Information--Charles W. Ferguson, Senior. Editor, The Reader*i Digest, Pleasnntville, N. Y. Vice-President for Schools and Colleges--Da. Lowell B. Fisher (Also Vice-Chairman of Board; see above). Vice-President for Trajic Ohd Transportation--E. J. Buhner, Chair man of the Board, Silverj^leet Motor Express, Inc., Louisville, Ky. Vice-President for Women's Activities--Miss Marion E. Martin, Commissioner of Labor and Industry, State of Maine, Augusta, Me. Executive Vice-President--G. C Stewart, Executive Vice-President, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. ' Secretary--R. L. Forney, Secretary, National Safely Council, Chi cago, III. : Assistant Treasurers--Buford B. McCulloch, President, Bureau of | Safely, Inc., Chicago, III. J. D. Fulford, Director, Treasury Bureau, National Safety Council, Chicago, HI. s i I i National Safety Council ***1*1'. National Safety Council (Trustees, continued) TRUSTEES Chairman of the Trustees--W. S. S. Rono.ERS, Former Chairman^; The Texas Company, New York, N. Y. |' Vice-Chairman of the Trustees--John Stilwkll, Yonkers, N. Y. : .( Secretary of the Trustees--H. Dearborn, President, National L Safety Council, Chicago, III. if .. p` Members Melvin H. Baker, Chairman, Board of Directors, National Gypsum Company, Buffalo, N. Y. '; James B. Black, Chairman, Board of Directors, Pacific Gas and Electric Co., San Francisco, Calif. r S. Bruce Black, Chairman, Liberty Mutual Insurance Company, Boston, Mass. ' Walter F. Carev, President, Automobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Mich. (Ex-Officio). Cason J. Callaway, Blue Springs Farms, Hamilton, Ga. William G. Chandler, President, Scripps-Howard Supply Co., New York, N. Y. ' Charles R. Cox, President, Kennecott Copper Corp., New York, N.Y. Cleo F. Craw, Member, Executive Committee, American Telephone & Telegraph Co., New York, N. Y. Walter J. Cummings, Chairman, Board of Directors, Continental Illinois National Bank and Trust Co., Chicago, III. Harlow H. Curtice, President, General Motors Corp., General Motors Bldg., Detroit, Mich. Ned H. Dearborn, President, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. (Ex-Officio). Richard R. Deupree, Chairman, Board of Directors, Procter and Gamble Co., Cincinnati, Ohio. J. Doyle DeWitt, President, The Travelers, Hartford, Conn. Morse G. Dial, President, Union Carbide Corp., New York, N. Y. E. F. du Pont, Director, Employee Relations Dept., E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Inc, Wilmington, Del. / Frederic W. Ecker, President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co, New York, N, Y. Benjamin F. Fairless, President, American Iron & Steel Institute, New York, N. Y. Calvin Fentress, Jr, Cliairman, Allstate Insurance Co, Skokie, III. Francis J. Gavin, Chairman, Board of Directors, Great Northern Railway Co, St Paul, Minn. E. Roland Harriman, Brown Brothers Harriman Co, New York, N.Y. Clifford F. Hood, President, United States Steel Corp, Pittsburgh, Pa. Joseph L. Lanier, President, West Point Manufacturing Co, West Point, Ga. - George E. Leighty, Chairman, Board of Directors, Railway Labor Executives' Assn, Washington, D. C. Ray D. Murphy, Chairman, The Equitable Life Assurance Society of the United States, New York, N. Y. T. S. Petersen, President, Standard Oil Co. of California, San Fran cisco, Calif. Gwilym A. Price, President and Chairman, Westinghotise Electric Corp, Pittsburgh, Pa. Walter P. Reuther, Vice President, American Federation of LaborCongress of Industrial Organizations, Detroit, Mich. W. S. S. Rodcers, Former Chairman, The Texas Co, New York, N.Y. Edward L. Shea, Chairman, Ethyl Corp., New York, N. Y. Herbert E. Smith, Former Chairman, United States Rubber Co, New York, N, Y. j :f . John Stilwell, Yonkers, ft, Y. Arthur E. StomaR!^ President, Union Pacific Railroad Co, Omaha, Ncbr. " Dr. John F. Thompson, Chairman, The International Nickel Co, Inc, New York, N. Y. r Kenneth C. Towe, Chairman, At N.Y. - yaiMinid Oyjf'd'few Yo*r , .* * Juan T. Trippe, President, Pan-j New York, N. Y. C. E. Wilson, Birmingham, Mich. Robert W. Woodruff, Chairman, Co, Atlanta, Ga. i World Airways System, R! 000338 . * Committee, The Coca-Cola I ' i National Safety Council '***# National Safety Council m 000339 Syfr'joffifjfectors, rmltftA | BOARD OF DIRECTORS s | Chairman of Ihe Board of Directors--Walter F. Carey, President, | Automobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Mich. | Vice-Chairman of the Board of Directors--Dh. Lowell B. Fisher, | President, North Central Association of Colleges and Secondary | Schools, University of Illinois, Urbana, III. Members Frank R. Ahlgren, Editor, The Commercial Appeal, Memphis, Tenn. J. T. Blalock, Vice President, Pacific Indemnity Co., Los Angeles, Calif. T. N. Boate, Manager, Accident Prevention Dept., Association of Casualty and Surety Cos., New York, N. Y. Norman E. Borcerson, Deputy Superintendent, Stale Dept, of Public Instruction, Lansing, Mich. Al. E. Brown, Vice-President and Regional Director for the West Coast, United Papermakers and Paperworkers, Portland, Ore. E. J. Buhner, Chairman of the Board, Silver Fleet Motor Express, Inc., Louisville, Ky. I Robert R. Burton, Vice-President, Kenyon & Eckhardt, Inc., Chi- I cago, III. . Alfred W. Cantwell, National Director Safety Services, The American National Red Cross, Washington, D. C. Walter F. Carey, President, Automobile Carriers Inc., Flint, Mich. ' ' Dr. A. L. Chapman, Chief, Division of Special Health Services, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C. I Dr. Zenas R. Clark, Administrative Assistant, Wilmington Public | Schools, Wilmington, Del. 1 John M. Convery, Employee Relations Division, National Association | of Manufacturers, New York, N. Y. I M. R. Darlington, Jr., Managing Director, Inter-Industry Highway | Safety Committee, Washington, D. C. ' I J. B. Davies, Assistant Vice-President, Industrial Products Group, I Mine Safety Appliances Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. t --- --- s im ir i ' m - f i i i i l i i i T i n n r r n r - n r r ^ - Ned H. Dearborn, President, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. Henry B. Duffus, Administrator, Accident Prevention, Westinghonse Electric Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. E. F. nu Pont, Director, Employee Relations Dept., E. I. du Pont de Nemours ic Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. Wallace Falvey, President, Massachusetts Bonding and Insurance Co., Boston, Mass. C. M. Ferguson, Administrator, Federal Extension Service, U, S. Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. Charles W. Ferguson, Senior Editor, The Readers Digest, Pleas- antville, N. Y. .. R. H. Ferguson, Assistant Director of Industrial Relations, Republic Steel Corp., Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. Lowell B. Fisher, President, North Central Association of Col leges and Secondary Schools, University of Illinois, Urbana, III. Kirk Fox, Editor, "Successful Farming," Meredith Publishing Co., Dcs Moines, la. Mrs. Gertrude H. Frese, Assistant to Vice President and General ; Manager, New York Telephone Co., Brooklyn, N. Y. Gerard O. Griffin, Director of Safety, Dravo Corp., Neville Island, Pittsburgh,Pa. . S. W. GutitU1, Managing Director, Pacific Coast Association of Pulp and Piter Manufacturers, Portland, Ore. Paul E. GtiRSKz, Pompano Beach, Fla. I v V- % R. P. HAMiUbUt Superintendent of Safety, St. Louis-San Francisco Railway Louis, Mo.' J. P. HiGHTttiSio^fi^ii^ttor, Transportation and Safety, The Grey hound Corp., Chicago, III. Stanley G Hope, President!Esso Standard Oil Co., New York, N. Y. rf 1 j . Georce A. Jacoby, Director of Personnel Relations, General Motors . Corp., Detroit, Mich. Newell It. Johnson, General Manager, American Mutual Insurance Alliance, Chicago, III. Walter K. Koch, President, Mountain States Telephone and Tele graph Co., Denver, Colo. 9 i National Safety Council i i (Board of DirecidVS^tOnlinuid) Dalibor W. Kaalovec, Assistant Director in Charge of Safety, The Board of Education, Philadelphia, Pa. Franklin M. Kreml, Director, Transportation Center, Northwestern University, Evanston, III. , . '. I Edmond H. Leavey, President, International Telephone and Tele graph Corp., New York, N. Y. S E. W. Lehmann, Prof. Emeritus, Urbina, III. ; William H. Lowe, Treasurer, Inland Steel Co, Chicago, III. E. C. McFadden, Vice President, Texas Employers' Insurance Assn, Dallas, Texas. Harold G. Mangelsdorf, Standard Oil Co. (N. J.) New York, N. Y. Miss Marion E. Martin, Commissioner of Labor and Industry, State of Maine, Augusta, Maine. I. W. Millard, Chairman of the Board, Industrial Gloves Co, Dan ville, III. Edward C. Myers, Assistant Vice President, U. S. Steel Corp, Pitts burgh, Pa. Guy L. Noble, Managing Director, National Committee on Boys and Girls Club Work, Chicago, III. j Henry E. North, Vice-President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co,! San Francisco, Calif. ' Clifton W. Piialen, Executive Vice-President, American Telephone and Telegraph, New York, N. Y. Mrs. Ivy Baker Priest, Treasurer of the United States, Treasury Dept, Washington, D. C. A. V. Rohweder, Superintendent of Safety and Welfare, Duluth, Missabe and Iron Range Railway Co, Duluth, Minn. Robert T. Ross, Manager, Employee Service; Industrial Relations, Ford Motor Co, Dearborn, Mich. Mrs. Raymond Sayre, Ackworth, Iowa. A. J. Schwantes, Head of Dept of Agricultural Engineering, Uni versity of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minn. Harry See, National Legislative Representative, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, Washington, D. C. | Louis B. Seltzer, Editor, The Cleveland Press, Cleveland, Ohio. | P. L. Siemiller, General Vice-President, International Association of | Machinists, Chicago, III. | Reuben D. Siverson, Manager, Dept, of Manufacture ami Industrial | Development, Chamber of Commerce of the United States, Wnsli| ington, D. C. | j J. L S. Snead, Jr, President, Consolidated Frcightways, Inc, Menlo | Park, Calif. I Leslie J. Sorenson, City Traffic Engineer, City of Chicago, Chicago, ? in | Herman J. Sfoerer, Vice-President, Industrial Relations, The YoungI town Sheet and Tube Co, Youngstown, Ohio. | A. E Sfottke, Vice-President, Allstate Insurance Skokir, III | G. C Stewart, Executive Vice l'rtsid. m. V>ii..n.,! Vo. m .. | Chicago, III. j Walter A. Stewart, Trustee and former President, American Optical | Co, Southbridgc, Mass. | Arthur E. Stoddard, President, Union Pacific Railroad Co, Omaha, ! Ncjbr. . | Col. W. L, Tuns, Assistant for Ground Safety, DCS/Personnel, Hrj, j U. S. Air Force, Waahlnjfton, D. C. :I | Lloyd Utter, Director, Industrial Health and Safely Division, United | Automobile Workers, Detroit, Mich. |s | Donald G. Vaughan. Secretary, Aetna Casualty and Surety Co, | Hartford, Cowl|Lv | Mrs. George Welles, j, isuluth, Minn. Ii Dr. George M. Wheatley, This^ Vice-President, Metropolitan Life Insurance Co, New Yojk; N. X.j R. S. Wilson, Executive Vice-President, Goodyear Tire and Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio. . W. O. Wilson, Manager of Safety, Standard Oil Co. (Ind.), Chi cago, III. Dr. William P. Yant, Director of Research, Mine Safety Appliances Co, John T. Ryan Memorial Laboratory, Pittsburgl], D~ 11 OFFICERS OF THE WOMEN'S ACTIVITIES CONFERENCE NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Safety Exposition Exhibitors Acme Protection Equipment Co., South Haven, Mich. Industrial gas masks, chemicals and accessories. Advance Glove Mfg. Co., Detroit, Mich. . Work gloves. , Chairman and Fic-Preridenf--MARION E. MARTIN, Commissioner of Labor and Id-, dustry, Slate of Maine, Augusta, Maine. Aetna Casualty & Surety Co., Hartford, Conn. - Safety educational aids and services including Aetna Drivotrainer. Vice-Chairman--MRS. RAYMOND SAYRE, chairman, Women's Committee, The Presi Akron Brass Mfg. Co., Inc., Wooster, Ohio Fire hose nozzles and accessories. dent's Committee for Traffic Safety, Ackworth, Iowa. Alan Wood Steel Co., Conshohocken, Pa. Board Representatives--MARION E. MARTIN; MRS. RAYMOND SAYRE; MRS Abrasive rolled steel floor plate. GERTRUDE FRESE, assistant to Vice-President, New York Telephone Co., Brooklyn, J*l American Abrasives Metals Co., Irvington, N. J. H Y ; HON IVY BAKER PRIEST, Treasurer of the United States, Washington Abrasive stair treads, threshold, door saddles and non-slip coatings. UE. `P H American Allsafe Co., Inc., Buffalo, N. Y. . is !: Drybrow the Nation's Sweat Band and Grecnlinc Emergency Release. MemL rs-al-Large--MRS. ALMER ARMSTRONG, coordinator. Organization Relation!,; Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative Assn., Indianapolis, Ind.; MRS. AGNES D. BEATON,', director, Women's Division, Automotive Safety Foundation, Washington, D. C.; MRS..';, O. A. BEECH, president, Beech Aircraft Corp., Wichita, Kan.; MRS. RAE V.,' BIESTER, superintendent, United States Mint, Philadelphia, Pa.; HON. MAR- ^ GUERITE S. CHURCH, Congress of the United States, House of Representatives, | Washington, D. C.; HON. FRANCES COOK, Justice of the Peace, Beaverton, Ore.; ' MISS DOROTHY DOWNS, assistant to J. O. Herbster, chief engineer, Firemen'i ^American Biltrite Rubber Co., Chelsea, Mass. ' - Rubber, composition and neoprene safety soles. I American Chain & Cable Co., Inc., Bridgeport, Conn. r"r Sling chains and Kuplex sling chain assemblies, wire rope slings and assemble-ynn- own wire rope slings. |v American Industrial Safety Equipment Co., Inc., Cleveland, Ohio Face shields, goggles, gloves and mittens. 1 - Mutual Insurance co., Providence, R. I.; MRS. GERTRUDE FRESE; MRS. JEAN, WOOD FULLER, director, Women's Activities, Federal Civil Defense Administration, Battle Creek, Mich.; DR. LILLIAN M. GILBRETH, Montclair, N. J.; MRS. ii G> ^American La France Corp., Elmira, N. Y. Fire apparatys anc( fire fighting equipment ^.American Optical Co., Southbridge, Mass. GILMOUR, chairman, Women's division, Seatlle-King County Safety Council, Seattle, Wash.; MRS. ROBERT W. GUNDERSON, Rapid City. S. D.; BETTY GUNNING, Station WJAR, Providence, R. I.; MRS. J. RAMSAY HARRIS, Denver, Colo.;, MRS. HELEN K. KNANDEL, educational consultant, Traffic Engineering and Safety jj- Head, eye and respiratory protective dc\ices; safety clothing and safety specially products. j .y jjAmpco Metal, Inc., Milwaukee, Wl*. ^ Non-sparking, corrosion-resistant safety toots. Dept., American Automobile Assn., Washington, D. C.; MRS. JOHN E. KRUEGER,^ Milwaukee, Wis.; MRS. DOROTHY McCULLOUGII LEE, chairman, Subversive, ; Ansul Chemical Co., Marinette, Wit. ' Dry chemical fire protection equipment. , ' Activities Control Board, Washington, D. C.; MRS. ALICE K. LEOPOLD, assistant to the Secretary of Labor, U. S. Department of Labor, Washington, D. C.; HON.? f Arcadia Mfg. Co.. Birmingham, |Mch. ' Plastic coated gloves and aprotjS for industry. . GERALDINE MACELWANE, judge, Lucas County Common Pleas Court, Toledo,- Award Incentives, Inc., New York, N. Y. Ohio; MRS. WALTER V. MAGEE, Ohio State Safety Council, Lakewood, Ohio;); || .Safety incentive award programs, emblems, plaqu and trophies. MARION E. MARTIN; MRS. CARRIE NOELLING, vice-president, Home Safety'; ^BaDymore Co., West Chester, Pa. fj & Women's Activities, Kansas City Safety Council, Kansas City, Mo.; HON. IVY| BAKER PRIEST; EDITH RAMSAY, Home Equipment Editor, The American Homty; Rolling safety step ladders, movable work hydraulic lift work platforms. I; mobile access lifts and New York, N. Y.; MRS. MARY G. ROEBLING, president, Trenton Trust Co., Tren-j ton N J.; MRS. RAYMOND SAYRE; MRS. ALMA K. SCHNEIDER, superin-Vi tendrnt. United States Mint, Denver, Colo.; MRS. MAMIE KENNEDY TAYLOR, F Dept., Georgia Power Co., Atlanta, Ga.; MRS. BERNICE T. VAN DER^ Bashltn, W. M., Co., Grove City, Pa. Linemen's and industrial safety equipment. Bausch & Lomb Optical Co., Rochester, N. Y. , Safety glasses, Ortho-Raters and "Titan" safely 000341 VRIES, member, Chicago Transit Board, Chicago Transit Authority, Chicago, 111.;:' j-' Beltone Hearing Aid Co., Chicago, 111. M MILDRED YOUNGER, Loi Angeles, Calif. ' Audiometers, hearing aid tests. f" '* '* **'* t* j 1957 National Safety Congress The Beryllium Corp., Readme, Pa. Safety tools. Best, Alfred M. Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. Safety publications. Bethlehem Steel Co., Bethlehem, Pa. Wire rope slings, standard and braided slings. Bil-Jax, Inc., Archbold, Ohio Tubular steel scaffolding and equipment. Portable steel bleachers. Bomgardner Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio - Emergency stretchers, cots, first aid equipment, rcsuscitators and respirators. Bone Dry Mfg. Co., Neosho, Mo. Outdoor footwear. Boyer-Campbell Co., Detroit, Mich. Safety equipment for industry--individual protective equipment. Brady Co., W. H., Milwaukee, Wis. Self-sticking safety products, Perma-Code pipe makers. Breck, John H., Inc., Springfield, Mass. Industrial hand cleaner; hair and scalp preparations. Brett-Guard Co., Englewood, N. J. New saw-guard combining safety with full work visibility. Brassard, Lester L., Co., Chicago, III. Klcar-Vu traffic mirrors and Klcar-Vu traffic lane markers. Browne, Stewart R. Mfg. Co., Inc., New York, N, Y, Electrical safety equipment, explosion-proof and vapor-proof portable insp lites, explosion-proof flashlites, grounding devices. Bruiin & Co., Inc., Indianapolis, Ind. Floor treatments, cleaners, disinfectants, insecticides. - Buffalo Fire Appliance Corp., Dayton, Ohio Portable fire extinguishers and fire department accessories. Buhrke, R. H,, Co., Chicago, III. Occupational safety equipment and products for construction and maintenance. Bullard, E. D., Co., Sausalito, Calif. Industrial safety equipment. Cambridge Rubber Co., Taneytown, Md. .Non-slip safety soles, Vul-Cork and Vul-Cork Neoprene. Chance, A. B., Co., Centralia, Mo. Hot line maintenance tools and line construction tools. Charleston Rubber Co., Charleston, S. C. Lineman and industrial gloves, sleeves, aprons, safety devices. Chemical Corp., Springfield, Mass. Protective hand creams, cleaners and lotions. ' Chicago Eye Shield Co., Chicago, III. Head and eye protective equipment. Chry1- ciroit, Mich. "Chiysler Corporation--The Forward Look in Safety." . t Safety Exhibitor Clark, J. R., Co., Spring Park, Minn. Industrial ladders. Columbus Glove MK Co., Columbus, Ohio 'Coated gloves an j jprons. CoIumbus-McKinnon Chain Corp., Tonawanda, N. Y. ;Alloy steel sling chains.' , Cunningham, M. E., Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Safety marking tools. ilsy Mfg. Co., Plymouth, Mich. jA* ir rifle. - avids Gloves, Inc., Springfield, Ohio ^Safety gloves. ' avis Emergency Equipment Co., Inc., Newark, N. J. ^Respiratory protection, combustible gas indicators, safety and first aid equipment. tex Watch Clock Corp., Chicago, III. 'Watchmen's clocks. MF DeWalt, Inc., Lancaster, Pa. J Radial arin woodworking equipment and safety features. ckson Corp., Detroit, Mich. Welding helmets, face shields, cup and spectacle type goggles, respirators and eye ' j>. savers. ..'.Dow Chemical Co., Midland, Mich. :"i,. Safety solvents, germicides and insecticides. 'rDow Corning Corp., Midland, Mich. Sight saver cleaning stations, shoe saver, safety shoes. Doyle Vacuum Cleaner Co., Grand Rapids, Mich. "^Industrial vacuum cleaners, scrubbers and polishers. , jDunn Products, Chicago, 111. - iY Protective clothing for industrial workers made from asbestos, leather, rubber, Neoprene and fire-proofed duck. 'Du Pont I. E., de Nemours & Co., Inc., Wilmington, Del. ' Flame retardant for fabrics and paper, anti-slip floor waxes, protective ere .ms. Neoprene products. \ f fisgle Mfg. Co., Wellsburg, W. Va. Safety cans, oilers, oil and gasoline containers. 1^' Edmont Mfg. Co., Coshocton, Ohio '' . * &5"",Coated fabric work gloves. ^Elkhart Brass Mfg. Co., Inc., Elkhart, Ind. i, Fire extinguishers, municipal and industrial brass! gi jEfliott Service Co., Inc., Mount Vernon, N..JY. Accident prevention displays, safety conference pr ' " Bulletin, suggestion system service. Suncrvispr's Aft eklv Emerson, J. H., Co., Cambridge, Mass. Cotton, jersey, leather palm, all leather and plastic woi "Fendall Co., Chicago, 111, LHead and eye protection equipment. 00034.? S7. v>- 1957 National Safety Congress Fibre-Metal Products Co., Chester, Pa. Eye, head, and face protection and welding accessories. Fine Organics, Inc., New York, N. Y, High flash, low toxicity safety solvents. ijones 4 Co., Rumford, R. I. j&ki v',`on v'aor goggles. fVjones & Laughlin Steel Corp., Pittsburgh, Pa. I^Wire rope slings, wire rope. Safety Exhibitor Ford Motor Co., Dearborn, Mich. ' , Ford automobiles, featuring Lifeguard steering wheels, sun visors, S*at belts instra*] ment panel padding, and door latches. Frommelt Industries, Dubuque, Iowa Portable welding shield and protective heat cloth. , Fyr-Fyter Div., Fyr-Fyter Co., Dayton, Ohio . Fire extinguishers, resuscitators and respirators. General Fire Extinguishers Corp., St Clair Shores, Mich. Quick-Aid Are extinguishers and allied products. ' Glendale Optical Co., Inc., Valley Stream, N. Y. Chippers and welders goggles, face shields, safety spectacles. Globe Co., Grip-Strut Div., Chicago, 111. Gi io-Strut grating, stair tread materials. Grinnell Co., Inc., Providence, R. I. Fixed pipe fire protection systems. Gro-Cord Rubber Co., Lima, Ohio Gro-Cord, Raw-Cord and Neo-Cord soles, heels and taps. ' Haws Drinking Faucet Co., Berkeley, Calif. Emergency eyewash fountains, emergency showers and goggle wash fountains. Hild Floor Machine Co., Inc., Chicago, III. Explosion-proof vacuum cleaners and floor machines. , Hy-Test Safety Shoes Div., International Shoe Co., St. Louis, Mo. Safety footwear; also conductive and special types for atomic usage. Hygiene Research, Inc., New York, N. Y. Protective ointments and mistproofing cloth for goggles, welding masks, winds Industrial Gloves Co., Danville, III. ' Leather, asbestos, duck, wool, Wovcn-Gard, Pcrmaproof, and aluminized duck *ud| Asbestos finger guards. djunkin Safety Appliance Co., Inc., Louisville, Ky. Power press guards, grinding wheel shields, stretcher equipment, kjtutrite Mfg. Co., Chicago, 111, ""^Safety cans, oily waste cans, safety electric lantern, flashlights and fire extinguishers, `vet First Aid Supply Co., Chicago, 111. Industrial hospital equipment and medical supplies. Lelley Paint Co., Louisville, Ky. IConvoy skid-proof safety enamel, Halt-fire barrier paint, seystone View Co., Meadville, Pa. ^Occupational and driver vision tests, lantern slide projectors. Tdde* Walter & Co., Inc., Belleville, N. J. ^Fir'e detecting and extinguishing equipment, ultrasonic burglar alarm. jfUmball Safety Products Co., Cleveland, Ohio fiPersonal protective devices for industrial workers. BMathias Klein 4 Sons, Chicago, 111. "S'Linemen's safety equipment and tools. I'Knapp Bros. Shoe Mfg. Corp., Brockton, Mass. 1$ Safety shoes. *' jKunz, J., Glove Co., Chicago, 111. &,fv Linemen's, bridgeincn's and welders' quality gloves. Leeder Mfg. Co., Inc., Briarcliff, N. Y. pressurized dry chemical extinguishers. - Legge, Walter G., Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. pSafety floor maintenance materials, conductive coatings, static eliminators. '.Lehigh Safety Shoe Co., Emmaus, Pa. rj Leather and rubber safety footwear. iLighfoot Co., Inc., The, New York, N. Y. j Shin cleansers--powdered, liquid, bar and waterless. ' . Institute of Industrial Launderers, Washington, D. C. Industrial launderers and cleaners. Insto-Gas Corp., Detroit, Mich. Torches and furnaces. Interstate Rubber Products Corp., Los Angeles, Calif. Safety Traflicones for traffic control. i ' iXogan Emergency Showers, Glendale, Calif.' k Industrial emergency showers, eye-wash fountains. ,* 'Lowery Brothers, Inc., Chicago, IU.. ' \ -}\,,, , Wire rope splicing service. I' Llliico Co., Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. ' 1 , '. Haico audiometers for industrial hearing testing! j Iron Age Div., H. Childs & Co., Inc., Pittsburgh, Pa. Linemen's and women's leather and rubber industrial safety footwear. Lllarth 4 McLennan, Inc., Chicago, III. J, VI ' Insurance broker and agencies. v Jackson Products, Air Reduction Sales Co., Div. of Air Reduction Co., Inc., Warren,'1 Mich. Insulated electrode holders, cable connectors, face shields and goggles. <;.i J Jotn . iuladephia, Pa. Iduf"al work gloves, safety sleeves, hand guards, North P.V.C. gloves, Nortb' pre ve clothing. '1 ifartindale Electric Co., Cleveland, Ohio l Protective dust masks, eye protectors, face shields, >!Ktsury-Young Co., Boston, Mass. L` Floor maintenance materials. FeCA.nf.,iuTh-soIh-mo--e-,-sS. afety Shoe Div., New York, N. Y. trie test iftstrrinjents. 1' '& 000343 ` 59 National Softly Congress f4; Safely Exhibitors trmott, Julian A., Corp., Ridgewood, L. I., N. Y. . irning and safety lighting for municipal, industrial, utility and aviation u<e.jk|j onald, B, F., Co., Los Angeles, Calif. lustrial safety equipment. ' cal Supply Co., Rockford, III. xible unit aid, snake bite first aid, burn first aid. opolitan Life Insurance Co., New York, N. Y. citil materials for use in community health and safety programs. o Switch, Div. of Minneapolis-Honeywell Regulator Co., Freeport, III. Icty interlock switches and electric controls for power machines. urn Co., Detroit, Mich. f skin protective creams, ply garb safety and protective clothing, plyglovcs plait' Coated work gloves, ply waterless hand cleaner. ' eterien Engineering Co., Santa Clara, Calif. Pengo tension wire stringer, Pengo earth augers and other construction equipment '. for the utility industry. eer Rubber Co., Willard, Ohio TMloi.v1'es; all kinds, liquid proof. ' --hCUnic Instruments, Inc., New York, N. Y. river testing and training equipment and visual aids for driver and traffic safety. r-?"! JJnre Safety Mfg. Co., Cleveland, Ohio `wer press guards. 'e State Products Co., Chicago, III. etal and electrical safety and directional signs. ess Industries, Inc., Norwood, R. I. Safety goggles. ' ;r Equipment Co., Inc., Franklin, Pa. uemen's safety belts, straps accessories and industrial safety belts. tectoseal Co., Chicago, 111. ire prevention equipment for flammable solvents. ! Safety Appliance Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. ifety equipment for every industry. cmal Medical Supply Co., Chicago, 111. idustrial first aid supplies equipment and instruments. tsman, Ted Defrosto Mirrors, Inc., Lynwood, Calif. iDtle1-,'Icer truck mirrors. *. uimosan Safety Equipment Corp., Brooklyn, N. Y. Respirators, eye protection, helmets, protective clothing, asbestos and leather gloves. -Flasher Mfg. Co., Burbank, Calif, idustrial, traffic emergency flashing signals. P*tnam Rolling Ladder Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. ..Reinforced plastic and extension and single ladders, and oak rolling ladders. rco Mfg. Co., Inc., Kansas City, Mo. fire rope fittings, safety hooks, load protectors. Pyrene--C-O-Two Div., The Fyr-Fyter Co., Newark, N. J. VCarbon dioxide and dry chemicJ al extinguishers and systems. Smoke detectors. r Castle Battery Mfg. Co., New Castle, Pa. chool crossing signals. Racine Glove Co., Inc., Rio, Wis. , j Cloves, apparel, protective equipment--leather, asbestos, and steel reinforced. hols Engineering Co., Chicago, 111. ted, unloading and tank car work platforms. ifier Mfg. Co., Lincoln, Neb. j ire detection, sprinkler supervisory, watchman tour, municipal alarm systems. diator Specialty Co., Charlotte! N. C. Safe-T-Cone rubber traffic guides. Mp I dolph Laboratories, Inc., Chicago, III. ' (j_irbon dioxide fire extinguishers, dry chemicals on automatic systems. :upational Hazards, Cleveland, Ohio 'ubiishers. ax, Inc., San Francisco, Calif. )nox Skin Toughener and Footmats for Athlete's Foot. '< ' born Mfg. Corp., Warsaw, Ind. iafety Pliers and tongs for feeding punch presses. ' . . :e Wooden Sole Shoe Co., Columbus, Neb. ,. i^Vpodcn sole safely boots, shoes, and sandals. to l * .. . ' i el Textile Corp., Industrial Gloves Dlv^Mbw.York, N. Y. ndustrial work gloves. \ '. '-:* \ -"V, ' I oekwood Sprinkler Co., Worcester, Mass, `j - ^ . Automatic fire protection systems; sprinklerp^wttlrfQf, fogfoam and foant. |to*e Mfg. Co., Denver, Colo. ' y-Catalyst, Inc., Wayne, Pa. _ Zatalytic purifiers for controlling CO and other automotive exhaust fumes. ^Industrial safety equipment. . Jafeguard Mfg. Co., Woodbury, Conn. 1 . c-Kit Co., Greenwich, Conn. Jnit type first aid equipment. ekwood, G. H., Mfg. Co., St Louis, Mo. iafety industrial skin cleaners and dispensers. '^Modern press guards. i* 11 3 .Safety Box Toe Co., Boston, Mass. .^Safety steel toes. ' jlifety Clothing & Equipment Co., Cleveland, Ohio tent Scaffolding O" Chicago, 111. Wood, alumi- , magnesium safety ladders, suspended sectional steel tubular steel and aluminum scaffolding sidewalk protection canopies, steel grandstand} --* fold-aiwv scaffold. . ''-.Safety clothing and equipment for every type of industrial wo Safety First Products Corp., Elmsford, N. Y. -Fire extinguishers. .V'. 00034-1 i^' 1957 National Safety Congress Safety Exhibitors Safety First Shoe Co., Inc., Holliston, Mass. Safety steel toe shoes for men. Safety First Supply Co., Pittsburgh, Pa. Industrial safety equipment. Safety Tower Ladder Co., Burbank, Calif. Safety equipment for fixed ladders and scafTolds. Salisbury, W. H., & Co., Chicago, 111. Linemen's rubber protective equipment. Sarole, Inc., Linden, N. J. Non-traumatic carrier. . - Sawyer-Tower, Inc., Boston, Mass. ' All types of protective and safety clothing. Schrader's A., Son Div., Brooklyn, N. Y. ' Pneumatic press controls, valves, cylinders and associated products. Scientific Industrial Supply Co., Chicago, IU. Gloves, clothing and general safety equipment. Scott Aviation Corp., Lancaster, N. Y. Scott air-pak demand inhalator, demand respirator, hydro-pak. Searjeant Metal Products, Inc., Mendon, N. Y. Punch press safety guards, controls, and accessories. Sellstrom Mfg. Co., Palatine, 111. Face and eye protection equipment. Speakman Co., Wilmington, Del. Industrial emergency showers, eye-wash fountains. Standard Safety Equipment Co., Chicago, 111. Industrial safety equipment. Stephenson Corp., Red Bank, N. J. Automatic resuscitation equipment and chemical breath test for intoxication. Stonehouse Signs, Inc., Denver, Colo. Industrial accident prevention signs. ' pinion Wire Rope Corp., Kansas City, Mo. "/Wire rope "Tuffy" slings, "Tuffy" towlines. jSjt^United States Safety Service Co., Kansas City, Mo. Industrial eyewear. [Universal Match Corp., St Louis, Mo. 1 ^`Safety programs for employees, match book safety programs, employee health, >$0,, sanitation programs, fire prevention programs. Vagner Sign Service, Inc., Chicago, 111. H'Wagner changeable copy displays. jjWatchemoket Optical Co., Inc., Providence, R. I. j..^'Eye-Savers" plastic eye protection and Plasi-Glow safety signs. Velsh Mfg. Co., Providence, R. I. !?*fty goggles, lens, face shields and helmets. IWestem Industrial Pharmaceuticals Co., San Francisco, Calif. ^Poison ivy, oak and sumac ointment. . JlWestline Products Div. of Western Lithograph Co., Los Angeles, Calif, ppr Industrial signs, markers, safety signs, pipe markers, labels, lettcrs-numbcrs-signs. ^Wheeler Protective Apparel, Inc., Chicago, 111. jp;Industrial safety clothing for heat and abrasive hazards. *i|Whitney, L. A., Associates, Inc., New York, N. Y. ^Visual aids--flannel boards, programs--complete ait and production 'crvi-r Williams Jewelry ft Mfg. Co., Chicago, 111. Safety awards, badges and trophies. -.& '.Willson Products Div., Ray-O-Vac Co., Reading, Pa. Industrial goggles, gas masks, helmets and respirators, and allied safety devices. Wilson Rubber Co., A Div. of Becton, Dickinson ft Co., Canton, Ohio ^Rubber and synthetic industrial gloves lor every use. jfWolyerine Shoe ft Tanning Corp., Rockford, Mich. ^'Industrial safety shoes. ( Stop-Fire, Inc., New Brunswick, N. J. Fire extinguishers. . EDUCATIONAL EXHIBITORS The Surety Rubber Co., Carrollton, Ohio Personal protective equipment for industrial and electrical workers. ti'ligAmerican Optometric Assn., St Louts, Mo. "Vision For Safety"--On The Highway, In Industry. The Surty Mfg. Co., Inc., Chicago, III. Linemen's safety equipment and industrial workers protective equipment. Taylor, S. G. Chain Co., Inc., Hammond, Ind. "Taylor-Made" alloy steel sling chains and allied products including Tayco | alloy steel drop forged hooks. . .Tect, Inc., Dumont, N. J. Vythene and other Tccsolve safety solvents. Titmus Optical Co., Inc., Petersburg, Va. Safety 'vr--n, ophthalic instruments, lenses, frames and sun wear. Too' (,. Co., Inc., Coverdale, Pa. Non-spalling hand tools and hand protectors for same. ' ' f: .onne national Laboratory, Lamont, 111. ,0 "Equipment and Guides Used in the Performance of Rai ipoy Scouts of America, New Brunswick, N. J. ^Exhibit of 1958 Good Turn Campaign. i* ti SInter-American Safety Council, Inc., New York, N. Y. rfjThe Safety Council serving all Latin America. Rational Bureau of Standards, Washington, D. C. "'.."Loading Effects of Wind on Towers." . ajjv' * '^EKrtlonal Society for The Prevention of Blindness, New 2x- Educational material on conservation and utilization o [fit . - fety ,, OOO3/5 . OFFICERS OF THE AERONAUTICAL INDUSTRIES SECTIOI|] NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Hygiene Chairman (West)--MRS. HELEN W. GIERE, R. N. first aid nurse, Systems Div., Lockheed Aircraft Corp.( Holloman Air Development Center, iAlamogordo, N. M. mAMfrisf Hygiene Chairman (East)--). C. SEWElX, safety and workmen's compcnsaBtion division manager, Wright Aeronautical Div., Cmtiss-Wright Corp., Wood-Ridge, m- J- Membership Chairman (East)--E. L. NEWMAN, Oiief of Ground Safety ,(EWABG) Headquarters, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio. General Chairman--JOHN S. T. SWANSON, safety engineer, Orenda Engines Chairman . (Central)--EDWARD V. SISUL, supervisor. Safely & Medical Toronto, Ontario, Canada. `3 ^Dept, McDonnall Aircraft Corp., St. Louis, Mo. Semniioorr EViicree Douglas ACCi-hhrcaariirramm-faat nnC--o.f(l.W,FiIMen_scft.Ji},----LoFrniRtg/A\nDBNiemYKakcLhW,vrC.. nSoailTlimffA. RR, safely & conservation adminisl " K,E'-E "** **-. Vice Cftairman (Central)--LYLE A. GATES, safety engineer, Douglas Aircraft 1 Tulsa, Okla. f-the-lob Safety Chairman (Central)--F. E. VAN HORN, Safety and security superIvisor, Industrial Relations Div., Solar Aircarft Co., Des Moines, Iowa Vice Chairman ('Em!;--KENNETH L. STEBB1NS, director of safety, Lycoming _the-Job Safety Chairman (East)--HAROLD L. RUSH chief, Ground Safety Div., AAVVLCAO7 Miviaannuufiaaccitwuiriinmgb Corp., S't**ra"*tf*o*'*rd, C...o..i.m.... 1 .,_____^Hq. Tactical c Air Command, United --------- Stales --" Air Force, Langley Air Force Base, Va. `uiwr, j^imgicy /vir force Masc, Va Secretary and, NVIewsl.e,,tter En difo_r-_MHUUGt.HH )I MmcciRv/AvEc,, safet/y director, AVRO Sitfammerr,bNlaoltrstlhtcrospanAdircCroanftte, sItncC.,hoHira,nwathnor(nWe,eCsat)li-fL. EE B. JOHNSON, chief safely engi Limited. Toronto, Ontario, CViaUnMaUdUan. ^,, NewDsivleisttieorn E_(Ddietoferns(eE),asU..tn)i-tGedEOSRtaGleEs AiLiOsr -UvFtoDirncOneN,u,W_gr_irgo_hu..tn.-..dFi astta-cffresit,oyin.dliAirrMetrc-ttFooror..rcMHeaqB.. aSseM,.CiWM*MDivie.,rTahned MCCaomnrttiietnesitCCCo.hk, aiDiirnemnnavnner/(,CrC-eoinlo-t.rnal)-G....V...O...l..l.r...E....."i.r.....Un...Ir.'J.r..-e--CtK-i sa,f-ety d,.irector, Denver i yucicnsc;, uimw ** .......... ............... r ' Newsletter Editor (Central)--RICHARD P. DENTNER. safely engineer, Rcketdj|riirt; o^ Contest Chairman <7sfJ-JOHN W. KENT, chief safely enginoer, AVCO N A Division of North American Aviation, Inc., Neosho, Mo. ..^Research and Advanced Development Division, Lawrence, Mass. Newsletter Editor (Wesl)-C. W. LOWREY supervisor, Health a.jd Safety J* WARREN (Chairman), dirertor, Ground Culver City, Calif. City Air M. ater.ie.l__A_r_e_a_,__U_nited wS.ta.t,esLMAicirctFoorarciee,oTi irnekresor nAuicrl, FHoercaedqBuaasrete, rOs kOlakl.a; hRo.mTa. ISenior Program Chairman (IVest)--JOHN D. DONOHUE, safety supervisor, Rohr A craft Corp., Chula Vista, Calif; Program Chairman (Central)--W. H. STAPLES, safety and medical supervisor, TE1 HOMEWOOD, chief, Ground Safety Office, Headquarters Air Materiel Command, United Slates Air Force, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, Ohio; H. S. NAISH, thief of employee services and safety, CONVAIR--\ Division of General Dynamics Aircraft Corp., Dallas, Texas. |Corp, Pomona, Calif. . Program Chairman (East)--E. E. COLEI, deputy chief, Ground Safety Office,-1 _ Representative--W. L. TUBBS, tolonel, USAF (Ret.), assistant for ground tq(uuaaritiecriss AMC (MCAS), W...r-ig0ht-P_at.t.e.rson Air Force Base, Ohio. ttfety, DCS/Personnel, Department of the Air Force, Washington, D. C. Senior Education and Training Chairman (West)--M. M. CLANCY, general super** Safety, Insurance and Medical Services, The Ryan Aeronautical Co., Lindbergh Fi ry Committer--E. P. MARCONI (Chairman),, manager, Safely Branch, AERO, ., Tutlatioma, Tcnn.; A. F. PAGNOTTA, chief safety engineer, Autonclics--A San Diego, Calif. * '!vjlifc'citstyyioneennowggf,iinneeNmeeorri,.rltinhCCOOArimmNNceVVrrAiiAccIaatRlnnl----AAAAvviiaaDnttiioo:iv.nn.i:,,s.i:oI--Innncc(X--ifrBB.eettlSllHHcpot--tWWe-jeearrl,,DCCyaanllaiiffm..;;icFFs.. "tRR'o..rpTT.EE, MM"FPPorLLtEEW,, rrohhriti.ehf, Education and Training Chairman (Central)i----FERUREOD KE. KErI,F,r.NvmRUimUOr',;,a,cground s*aftfllGaasr;reIItt. CL..o...rH.n..E....ML...o.P.s..H.A..I.n.L.o-LMsafert-y.udit.ccotorjAIfUMwllh M-anufac turing C-o., A Division director, Hq. San Antonio Air Materiel Area, iKr-etlilny Air lF-ioircce lBlaasce., ilecxas. 3* Garrett Corp., Los Angeles Calif H ...... Jaft Engineering Corp.. Bclhratre 'Laiur ^'y d'rector, Grumman Air- ItKundo Div.. Dourfns AiJlr?-!: T"* iV*TM1' N; ^i.M- L. ANDREWS, El GGrruummmmaann Airc--r-a--f-t--Eng--i-n-e--e--r-i-ng C.or.p.. .Be.thpag- e, Long Island, N. Y. Jlin.mstrator, Nort.h....A...m...e..r.i.c..a..n....A..v^iatio'*n"g, cI*nccs.,,MLUosii. Angclcsltalif^.^ Senior Engineeri.ng C__h_a_irman fCro,lrosli)-FrRoErnD lL. nDiErMNTTOOMN, (grepnnerral Msuiopecrvisorf. SSaihft Representative-tHTAOiWtnAtRrDs .H.. -W--AR----Z--Y---N N.-<jlional Safet * Section, Boeing Airplane Co., Wichita, Kan. Engwinineteerriinngg CLnhaatirrmmaann ((Ecoojrit/J---FnRvAanNnK^L.I.N* K___N_I_G_ HT JR., chief safety engineer, Geon ^D1ivi.si.on, Lock< h eed1 AAitr_c_r_afftt Corp., MMuarrSieotitlaa, 1G(a9.. (J Engineering Chairman (West)--M. C. VAL DEZ, chief safety engineer, CONVAlfj A Divt-' ' ' neral Dynamics Corp., San Diego, Calif. 1 oooa^ not inausirtal Hygiene Chairman (Central)--J. K. LEVERETT, M.D.:, chief M Srmoohtvri'' CONVAIR--A Division of General Dynamics Corp., Fort Worth, Ter OFFICERS OF THE AIR TRANSPORT SECTION_ .wiwwjaw NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 EPublic Relations Chairman--R. L POTTER, suiicrvisor, Industrial Safety, American JKRh*:' Airlines, Inc., Tulsa, Okla. jLSfalttfier Chairman--j. A. O'DONNELL, staff manager. Industrial Safety, American Airlines Inc., Flushing, N. Y. flfilitary Representative--MAJOR C V. CARSON, Air Force ROTC Det. 805, A It M B | College of Texas, College Station, Texas. .i] | Advisory Committee--JOSEPH M, CHASE, manager, Div. of Maintenance & Etptip- General Chairman--W. E. BERTRAM, superintendent, Industrial Safety St Security) fj fiV- ment, Flight Safety Foundation, Inc,, New York, N. Y.j D. D. GORDON-CAR- Northwest Airlines, Inc., St. Paul, Minn. "XI TMs; MICHAEL, properties & safety assistant, Trans-Canada Airlines, Montreal, Quebec, wfyCanada; JEROME LEDERER, managing director, Flight Safety Foundation, Inc., Vice-Chairman--DALE M. ESTF.LL, safely engineer, Trans World Airlines, ParkvilleJ W New York, N. Y.; E. T. LEE, assistant director of sectirity, Eastern Air Lines, Miami, Mo. * ffcFla.; H. R. RODDA, secretary, Transportation Insurance Rating Bureau, Chicago, III.; Secretary--H. L. BUTLER, supervisor, Maintenance Manuals & Training, Eastern AirJ Lines, Colonial Div., Flushing, N. Y. 4 Newsletter Editor--N. L. CHRISTOFFEL, staff superintendent, Safety, United Air] lH, W. SCHILLING, safely engineer, Trans World Airlines, Kansas City, Kan.; P:COLONEL GILBERT E. TEAL, USAF, Deputy Commander, Hq AF Personnel It Ht Training Research Center, Lackland Air Force Base, San Antonio, Texas: J. H. K.WATERMAN, manager. Ground Safety, Trans World Airlines, Kansas City, Mo. Lines, Stapleton Airfield, Denver, Colo. Education and Training Division Chairman--DOUGLAS R. MACKINTOSH, safety] Staff Representative--HOWARD II. WARZYN, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. Sr.;' director, Alexander & Alexander, New York, N. Y. Chairman--Paster Committee--SERGIO SOLIMAN, superintendent, Safety It Security^] Div., Philippine Air Lines, Inc., Manila, Philippines. jj:| Chairman--Schools Committee--GEORGE H. CALDWELL, director of safety, Academy j| of Aeronautics, Flushing, N. Y. I: Chairman--Training Aids Committee--C. F. SCHAUB, ground safety director, Capital Airlines, Washington, D. C. Engineering Division Chairman--JOHN DICKSON, fire & safely supervisor, Trans-, j Canada Airlines, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. K Chairman--Airport Committee--HERBERT KAUL, safety supervisor, Casually, Inspec-1 tion It Safety Div., The Port of New York Authority, New York, N. Y. ' Chairman--Cargo Committee--RAYMOND BRADY, staff assistant, Cargo Service, Unilefj Air Lines, Denver, Colo. ' Chairman--Maintenance Committee--ALLEN W. DALLAS, director. Engineering Div* ' Air Transport Assn, of America, Washington, D. C. t.l Health Committee Chairman--W. A. ItlCIRNIC, JR., supervisor, F.nKinccring Dept. The;l Fidelity 8c Casualty Co. of New York, New York, N. Y. 1" Membership Division Chairman--CHARLES T. BURNEY, executive assistant, Transporti-',| tion Insurance Rating Bureau, Chicago, III. ` Chairman--Local Service Lines Committee--ARTHUR E. SCIIWANDT, vice-president,^ Industrial Relations, North Central Airlines, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn. '> Chairman--Service Operations Committee--RALPH I. DEE, ground safety engineer^. ft-United Air Lines, Denver, Colo. Off-the-fab Safety Chairman--L. CORBEIL, fire It safety supervisor. Trans-Cana*^ A .aI, Quebec, Canada. li '^ P 000;j47 . .. Program Chairman--If. L. MORRIS, safety engineer, Eastern Air Lines, Inc., Miami, I J5 -, ( 1957 National Safety Congress job. Our objectives should include cITorts to promote the safety of employees and their families by: maintaining a comprehen sive safety program for employees driving company owned vehicles; providing material on highway safety to aid employees driving their own cars; encourage employees to develop safe practices in their homes, on the farm, or in recreational activities; par ticipating in community safety activities. EXTEND EFFORTS OFF-JOB The fruits of plant safety discipline should be shown in the olf-the-job activities of the employee. If we have really sold him on the rules of conduct not only for ma chinery operation, but all phases of personal safety, then the employee will practice these rules not only in his own home, but also in driving his car or while using recreational facilities. This does not answer the question of how many days' suspension an employee should receive for an infraction of safety rules. I have purposely refrained from attempting to answer that question because in my opinion that is not a safety problem. The punishment for the infraction of rules is actually the responsibility of the, in conjunction with the Labor R Department. Where there are many infractions* rules, it is probably due to the fact that! top echelon of the organization ar*; whole-heartedly in agreement with the* that the supervisor in immediate charge used the rules as a matter of conv- ' rather than as a matter of protect! the employee. Good safety discipline cannot be i by the number of people suspended for' lation of safety rules but rather eaa; measured by the spirit, the push, and(i sincerity with which top management ales the safety program. Safety dr is the direct result of sound, re logical rules of conduct as reeor by the safety department, and enforced; alt levels of management. i!t?' Safety discipline depends on the a*and the manner in which the su carries out his day to day assignments contacts with the employee. Safety pline is the day to day activities of the ployee carrying on his routine duties only on the job, but also off the job.aE CESS OF THE r5MENT, QUARRY AND MINERAL AGGREGATES SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman--SEYMOUR B. FLEMING, safety director, New York Trap Rock .West Nyack, N. Y. Editor--ROY G. STOTT, mining health and safety engineer, U. S. Bureau of , Washington, D. C xM* Committee: PAUL HEDLEY, chairman, vice-president-production. North scan Cement Co, New York. N. Y.; WHIT J. WISE supervisor. Safety & Pcr- Southwest Stone Co, Dallas, Tex. Chairman--FRED E STORCH, director. Safety & Personnel, The Whitehall Mfg. Co, Cementon, Pa. Aids & Training Committee Co-Chairmen: C. S. IIERZOG, industrial relations ` ger, Dravo Corp, Keystone Div, Pittsburgh, Pa.; A. B. llOMIEZER, safety --r, Laverack & Haines, Inc, Buffalo, N. Y. *Job Safety Committee: H. F. JOHNSTON, chairman. The Funkhouser Co, rstown, Md.; WALTER A. DEARTH, co-ch irman, General Crushed Slone Co, >P*' Uy Chairman--D. D. SEIPLE JR, safety director, Standard Slag Co, Youngstown, (t Contest Committee: JOHN E MACHISAK, chairman, acting chief Accident "ysis Branch, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C.; ROY STOTT, Co-Chair- Mibdistrict supervisor, United States Bureau of Mines, District A, Washington, -mg Chairman--ARVID TIENSON, safety director, Material Service Corp, , III Representative--CLINTON II. HOCH, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. |t I w I t 1957 National Safely Congress it* /VI [V [if b <-> oocc4'h:;I Chemical' lilMtln'rs higlily hardened component in high pressure equipment is the cap of the common, flatgasket type high pressure reactor or "bomb." This is required for practical, structural reasons, .but we attempt to avoid it by using other types of closures in all but small, medium-pressure vessels. With this one exception, a minimum of 10 per cent elongation should be specified for materials used in the construction of high pressure equipment. When purchasing metal stock for this use it is wise to specify metal that is free of flaws or inclusions, and is warranted by x-ray or other suit able tests. Before a vessel is placed in service it must be pressure tested, preferably to one and one-half times its maximum working pressure. A log sheet should thereafter be kept for each vessel so that a history of its service is available. Frequent inspection of each vessel and regular periodic pressure tests are required to avoid failure resulting from corrosion, small stress cracks, embrit tlement, etc. CONED CONNECTION The common coned high pressure connec difficult problem. These people may be in Jed Vcbse! while it is' stilj. cated behind a barricadeisod'.observed with |/!j' the area only occasionally and for short el- .Men must Icartf mirrors. They should not be used to more than 70 per cent of rating, and will last a ,'1/ periods of time. They may have little knowledge of the lot longer and maintain accuracy better if used at only SO per cent of rated pressure,' equipment or work, and must be carefully instructed regarding safety practices which Gas storage or supply cylinders are rather, may be peculiar to high pressure work. This "thin-skinned" and should not be located k' type of situation will vary with the particu an operating cubicle. In event of trouble, lar installation and circumstances, but we their presence can only add to the probiemijp should always keep in mind the uninformed The use of check valves in tines between, '"stranger" who has occasion to be in the vessels, reactors, supply cylinders, etc. adds. 1 area. greatly to the safety of the operation. These' one-way valves prevent the possible back ing up of a reactant or catalyst, which ca*. have disastrous consequences. ; Clear thinking and attention to detail are essential in this type of work. Always be on guard for signs of trouble. For instance, when releasing the pressure from a system However, a word of caution concerning ,it is possible to detect an obstruction in the the use of check valves I They are usually a .entry to a pressure vessel by observing such spring-loaded ball valve and are easily ; things as the rate of fall of pressure in the fouled and rendered inoperative by sraal lines. Abnormal behavior in this respect is amounts of foreign- material or dirt Fre a sign of danger. quent inspection and testing of these devices is imperative, otherwise one may be led into a false sense of security. Observation of such signs may avert the disastrous consequences of opening a sup- im, reUk^-Etcy^by^-thS signs and to deal with them safely. The same philosophy applies to disassem bly and maintenance work on such equip ment. Each line and vessel must be treated as though it is a loaded gun until you arc absolutely certain about it. High pressure work may be done safely if we use clear, critical thinking and careful planning. We cannot afford to be hasty, to disregard safety practices "just this one time" or to let our guard down in any other way. This applies to all types of high pres sure work, be it large or small, simple or elaborate. Even if the installation is small and funds are limited, it is still possible to keep this basic philosophy and conduct the work in a safe manner. In that respect, safety is like happiness--it is the man that counts and money just cannot buy it.-A. In essence, the human side of safety re duces itself to one point--education. The problem becomes one of teaching men to understand their equipment and to think carefully before they act. For instance, one CONTROLLING HEALTH HAZARDS tion has frequently been a source of diffi must somehow get across the idea that hi|k culty, most of which is easily avoidable pressure equipment, just because it looks IN A CHEMICAL PLANT with a little care and attention. The scaling rugged, docs not require a strong arm and surface is on the tapered end of the tubing, a long-handled wrench for assembly. Care, and the force is applied from the threaded cleanliness, and a sawed-off open-end wrench by ROBERT A. KEHOE, M.D. gland via the collar on the tubing. First, the will usually do~a much more effective job head, Dept. Preventive Medicine & Industrial Health, College of Medicine, seating surfaces and threads should always be smooth, clean, and in good order. If not, they should be remachincd or replaced as may be the case. A common error in assembly of one of these connections is in not placing the collar the proper distance back on the tubing. If it is too far back a good seal can be made but all of the force is taken by only a por tion of the threads of the gland, resulting in failure under pressure. High pressure gauge; present some prob lems, but a little thought when locating them will easily remedy this. Always use the solid front or "blow-out" back type of high pressure gauge and remove the glass face cover. A piece of plastic film may he on research scale equipment. OPERATING PRACTICES Points such as this must be emphasized demonstrated, and then continually re emphasized. We had a technician with whom we had to go so far as absolutely to forbid him to operate a high pressure valve with any more force than he could exert by holding the valve handle between little finger and thumb. This may have been an extreme measure, blit the man finally; understood. We use job description sheets, our acci dent prevention Key Point Cards and other means of discussion to review important ; points and hazards with the men. One ! must cultivate the idea that the safely prac- 1 Univerkify of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio Hazards that are likely to be present in a. hemical plant are: , 1. Ordinary mechanical hazards ! --accidental injuries (falls, dlslocatlout,. sprains, fractures, contusion^;' taoSil*'" tions, thermal and chemical bums, "for eign bodies in eye or skin) --in association with mechanical equip ment, noise, vibration, fires, explosipy, : flying particles or missiles, slippery floors, rigging, stairs, ladders, elevators, vehicles 2. Modern physical hazards --ultraviolet and infra red radiation; ullrn- 3. Chemical hazards --old and well known (but not fully con . trolled) chemicals --new products of research and develop ment (often unexplored) --exposure in course of research on new products ilot plant development of new products r processes --new manufacturing processes involving new ways of handling well-known chemicals or new chemicals. (1) locus of hazards--aspect of portal of entry--local effects, such as con placed ow- ' ' < of the gauge to keep ticcs arc ground rules which arc just not : sonus, high frequency waves; X-ray, tact with skin, dermatitis--sensitiza out dir should never be placed in to be broken. In a large plant such as oon such a position as to be directly in line the men who come into the area from the radium, other alpha, beta or gamma . radiation tion, gross injury to skin, skin can cer, or inhalation of gases, vapors, with op' ig personnel, but are best lo- shops and services department presen' 9 f) r' >57 National Safety Congress mists, fumes, dusts. Also asphyxia tion, irritation of lungs--acute (edema, pneumonitis), irritation of lungs--chronic, pneumoconiosis, fi brosis, emphysema, and granuloma (Be). In addition cancer of lung, deposition--radition within lung and hilar lymph nodes; specific carcino genic agents are hazards. Ingestion of chemicals, following upper-res- piratory trapping of dusts, follow ing contamination of hands and handling things that go into mouth and following contamination of food stored in work rooms--eaten i n dirty lunch rooms are potential dan gers. (2) nature of hazard--aspect of absorp tion--systemic effects such as: acute intoxication, percutaneous, respira tory, alimentary absorption (often two or all three combined) ; chronic intoxication--remote enzymatic or metabolic effects and organic dam age; or remote radiation effects fol lowing absorption and distribution of radioactive materials in body-- example--bone and marrow, follow ing absorption, distribution and me tabolism of specific carcinogins-- example--bladder tumor. RECOGNITION AND IDENTIEICAI ION OF HAZARDS I. Toxicologic investigation (in labora tory) (stepwise with progress of re search and development in industry) (a) screening--preliminary choice or elimination of materials under con sideration-- --immediate toxicity--indicative of .type of control measures based on . portal of entry (type and point of application of preventive procedure) (degree of precision required in protection, i. e. extent of apparent danger) (medical criteria--type of anticipated-injury or disease) (b) Comprehensive--(adapted to the problems to be met) --manufacturing hazards --hazards of transportation and use as raw nrU'-,:'ds bv others --ha; ittimer of final prod uct --ctimtil ' effect! if any 000350 !i--metabolic fate in body--remote ef- . feels--long-term--chronicMhtjuri- ' 3. Administrative measures of control ous effects --appropriate organization of hygienic fa --diagnostic and prognostic procedures : cility in relation to operations based on results of investigation . 2. Toxicologic investigation--'(in plant) clin --appropriate budgetary provision for hy gienic effort '. ical investigation of personnel ' .'Adequate control depends upon the com- --basis of all specifications for safe en- ) vironment t ilete understanding of the hazard through ihysiologic and toxicologic research. --sometimes the only basis for recognition *. of hazard, c. g. beryllium, occupational *; cancer CONIROL OF HAZARDS ' In addition, satisfactory team work iniludes: 'tv S?t Chemical Industries W'i. ' ' 1. PhyJ________ g nurse ami irehnician^*HWtTIrc~ "arpippflied tr> pertortnrW measures to be applied to, environment (hygienic specifications) 2. Engineer (including chemist, physicist and technicians) mcasurcs'to be applied to environment (hygienic technologic applications) / 3. Management proper organization proper financial implementation^. ' 1. Medical measures of control--environ- \ mental--(operations, plant conditions S and (bowmen work) --clinical examination--all types. ; it-: IV-'. fc-t !i ! LIVING IN THE AIR WE BREATHE --policing the plant--(clinical findings and by H. H. FAWCETT tests on personnel) --identification and quantitation of re- ' Y.safety director, research laboratory, General Electric co., Schenectady, N. spouses to observed exposure--within physiological (tolerable) limits--beyond '.Living in the air we breathe.has been a physiological limits troblem since God created 'man from dust --warning of need for further protection --disposition of personnel with respect to exposure restriction of time (duration) of exposure--removal from exposure --temporary or permanent ind then breathed into him the breath of ifel But even today, the vital role of wreathing in our daily life has not been com pletely appreciated. This paper reviews | ..briefly (1) air contaminants,, and (2) com"jwercially available respiratory protective de- --personal protective equipment (choice fvkes, with emphasis on their limitations, and and supervision, physiological criteria) ' 'en the training and maintenance necessary adequacy of equipment employed--adc- ,j, jjkr safe and effective use. | quacy of its maintenance--adequacy of ", its use --education, group meetings, written in- 4 structinns, hygienic manual, comb'i'ned` "jl with operating manual fc Each of us is a creature of habits, but [itone of our habits is more vital to life than js breathing. So automatic and effortless is yhit habit that we give almost po thought to IjW respiration, although most ,of us cannot --reports to engineering personnel (in : live without air for more than five minutes. Iroth operations and industrial hygiene) '{ From the second of our birth when we de and to management ,'fe 1 scend from in utero (where the oxygen 2. Engineering measures of control \Y partial pressure corresponds to 33,000 feet --designing and applying measures of cou-ijf .illitude) into a world with a mixture of trol--physical devices for protection!1 against chemicals--plant design--opera-..^ lions design--ventilating design v --policing the plant (environmental moni-,;j| toring) inspection--critique of mainten-'/?' called air, we must breathe several fts of air each minute so our body cells e$Zexist, grow, and perform their func- ''For an average lifetime of 70 years, we ancc operations--analysis of materials'^ l)aay breathe in excess of a half billion --air analyses. j {rates. By contrast, we consume "three square - --personal protective equipment (choice V and supervision--engineering criteria) ij* ~ *ls" and "six glasses of water" daily, air requirements which we obtain vir- dly without effort are of greater signifi- --reports to medical personnel, and matt-ffl nee by any standards than water, food, agement (directly or through physician) "dlitt/g, and shelter, which demand much "day-by-day" thought and deliberate action to obtain. We live at the liolloin of an > f .*- called the atinnvplurr. a ti.i"** .-i n mixture of several g.iM * will................ mainly of four-fifths nitmgui and '.in t::tTi oxygen. Virtually limitless in volume and mass as we view it from the ground, it thins out into space. Half of its density is under 18,000 feet. In a multitude of ways the air assists all living things to exist. FUNCTIONS OF AIR .' Besides providing oxygen for hrcalluugQxygen which lungs transfer to the bloodair conveys both sound and light, absorbs heat, enables fires to burn, propels boats, turns windmills, makes |iossible air brakes, vacuum cleaners, and other useful machines. Air in motion forms winds which modify climate, equalize heat and cold, and distri bute rainfall. Hivers high in the air, such as ' the jet stream, greatly influence weather and are an increasingly important factor as air planes travel at higher altitudes. The anjeient Greeks ranker! air with earth, fire and water as one of the four fundamental elements. Since each of us lias Item breathing sev eral times each minute from our birth, res piratory protection and devices to aid or supplement breathing might seem tmnccessary. If pure air were truly ubiquitous, and no harmful gases, vapor* or tit* billed, 11 r '9S7 National Safely Congress 000351 Chemical Industries\ reathing problems would be confined to inderwaler or to travel in high altitudes. Jnfortunately, pure air is a relatively rare -ommodity, mid is much harder to obtain sources and appended to this paperi shows that respiratory problems have occurred in many diverse activities. Specialized knowl edge and action in advance is essential if wearing self-contained breathing apparatus. A vigorous movement is now underway to encourage fire and other rescue services to use adequate respiratory protection more pure than many chemical elements and com such injuries nrc to be prevented. effectively. pounds. It is sometimes glamorous or unusual in Some variations of the air are caused by cidents which produce serious results; fail natural forces (such as moisture from rain ure of a pressure system in an airplane at or dust from winds on dry earth), while ' high altitudes .will cause blackouts in sec : l AIR CONTAMINANTS The conventional classification of air contaminants follows: some are due to man (such as combustion onds ; above 43,000 feet, even breathing pure A. Aerosols (dispersoids) (particulate products, unburned or incompletely burned oxygen is not adequate-- a pressure suit or contaminants)---dusts, fumes and mists. fuels, solvents, vapors, dusts, fumes, inert and toxic gases). When these variations are small, we say that the air is "pure," but when the variations, either alone or in com bination, exceed our ability to adapt to them, or our ability to tolerate them, we say the air is "bad." a pressurized cabin is essential. On the other hand, no less serious are the problems when commonplace materials, such as a few sausages overheating and burning on a fry ing pan on a kitchen range produced suffi cient smoke and toxic gases to overcome the occupants; firemen required respiratory pro tective apparatus to effect a rescue of the A better classification of aerosols is based on physiological effects: . . A. Nuisance and Inert: produce no known injuries: caicium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, gypsum B. Inert pulmonary reactions: produce non-specific pulmonary reactions: sili AIR POLLUTION unconscious victims. cates, carbon, aluminum ^J&bhijftiioses (Greek for lung dust), f w&adti&sax are - A group of lunge conditions which result from (he inhalaliofl" of dust. Silicosis is one of the most common types of pneumoconiosis, and is caused by the inhalation of "free" or "uitcomblned" silica, such as quartz, opal flint and crystobalite. Many other dusts may produce lung involvement such as absestos, talc, the sili cates, carbon, iron and barium. Other dusts cause chemical irritation, such as the acids, alkali substances, fluorides and chromates. Allergic reactions may be caused by common dusts such as pollens, synthetic resins, plastics, felt, fur, gums, spices, to bacco, paper, rubber, wood, starch, flour, and wool. The Bureau of Mines groups all the above dusts as "Pneumoconiosis-Producing and Nuisance Dusts." No simple yardstick has yet been devised to tell us when air ceases to be "pure," although numerous air pollution studies are underway, and threshold limit values (maxi mum allowable concentrations for industrial exposures) are available as a guide. We have just begun to realize that air pollution control may be even more important than stream pollution control. When extreme conditions exist, as in London, Meuse, Donora or Los Angeles, we know that Gases and smokes resulting from fires have been studied for years, and excellent reports are available, but it is impossible to predict what gases may be encountered or in what concentrations in a given fire. A large number of different flammable chemi cal compositions or chemical combinations that change with heat, such as plastics, fab rics, insulation, refrigerants, solvents, paints, insecticides and building materials, play im portant roles in our daily lives. C. Minimal pulmonary 'fibrosis-producing barium compounds, tin, iron oxides D. Extensive pulmonary fibrous-producing silica, asbestos \ E Chemical Irritants: produce inflamma tion or ulceration alkaline reactions: acids, fluorides, chromates F. Toxic systemic poisons.: produce patho logical reactions: lead, manganese, anti mony, arsenic (not more toxic than TOXIC DUSTS Another classification of dusts refers to "Toxic Dusts." Some have a lower thres hold limit or maximum allowable concentra tion than does lead, although the Bureau of Mines classification uses lead as a reference. Among aerosols more- toxic than Irad arc: cadmium oxide fume, chromic acid and chromates, mercury, mercury (organic), yellow phosphorus, picric acid, selenium, tellurium, calcium arsenate. human life is more difficult than other times when smog is not present. On a minor scale, every year a serious problem exists from dust or pollen (such as rose fever, hay fever, or ragweed fever) for allergic persons, and we have found that respirators are frequently considered a a welcome supplement to medication for the relief of such conditions. VARIETY OF GASES IN FIRES Pb), arsenates, organic-phosphates, In addition to carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and water (present in nearly all fires), one may expec-t amm onia from-m.bum.. cadmium, radioactive, tieryllium (more toxic than lead) J ,':: ,fi\ G. Allergic manifestations: produce'.alter- V' gic reactions: pollens ' IB'irng'Ciw" o,o?lo, mli S rScr saunlfdur-lecoanthtaeirn, isnngdgthH. Fkneovwern-proordnacllienrggerne:acmtieo.nnl: fuamcteiosn, ctemr-- ggctahisslovcasrinuferv-ocimhont.ba..u.in.r.n.in.i.ng. ng g.r.a.s..e..s... f,rom .... burning of BIG. tain textile dust, (hemp, cotton, jute, smouldering chlorinated plastics. From piledB*1. bagasse) \' Respirators approved for all the above dusts fbotli toxic and pneumoconiosis-producin; and nuisance dusts) are called "dust" r. esmp__ir__a__t_o_r_s_.___A_ __fe--w vsuuwbsvtmanncvevds,i dsUucVhll oacsa bIIVe.Iryy1L' ___ H_u__m__ --nndj radioactive su*bs-tances, are not currently covered by Bureau of Mines schedules. "Fumes" include aerosols formed by the condensation of vapors from heated inctals. Most breathing air supply problems can be controlled with adequate ventilation. If air Could be properly treated to remove par ticulate matter, noxious vapors, and toxic gases, heated or cooled, and then distributed newspapers smouldering in limited oxygen, i. AEROSOLS 41 per cent of the total gases given off was found to be carbon monoxide, and 43 perB ^.Formerly called dispersoids or particulate cent was carbon dioxide. * * (contaminants, these are substances present in 1 A pile of newspapers in a large open hall i{jhe air as minute particles (such as dusts), Melting, cutting, and welding of zinc, lead, tedtitfum and other metals produce such fumes. "Mists" and "Sprays" include liquid drop lets formed when liquids are carried into as required, breathing can be reduced to a way would give an entirely different concen |ias fumes (such as metal fumes), or as mists the air or are formed by a reaction with minor problem insofar as purity of air is concerned. Unfortunately, adequate ventila tion and air treatment is sometimes impos sible or impractical where emergency action tration of carbon monoxide and carbos |(such as chromic-acid mists). In grouping dioxide within the breathing zone than the itbese together, it is recognized that they same pile burning in a small enclosed base ;[iay be physically filtered, screened, or adment. Determinations ranging from two Tsoibcd from the air with properly designed tKe moisture in the air. An interesting ex ample is 0.3 parts per million sulfur dioxide, with sunlight, forms 20,000 particles per c.c. of sulfuric acid mist. must be taken to preserve life and properly. Th*- lit provide man with respu i i'if protection if we expect him to urvive. lance at the case histories of ' ccted at random from many per cent to four per cent carbon monoxide ' idlers. Aerosols may range in size from have been made using recognized CO de 150 microns to a thousandth of a micron in tectors in the smoke of building fires in the the (1 micron equals 39.37 millionths of an same room in which firemen were engaged [kh or 1 x 10-4 centimeter). Many dusts iii extinguishment, by a medical dockr also fire and explosion hazards. The availability of filters with pore sizes from 10 millimicrons (approximately the size of the polio virus) to five microns (the size of common contaminants in liquids) has greatly improved and speeded up analyses 13 1957 National Safety Congress 0003-: w Chemical huh sines of aerosols such as acid mists, metal fumes, smokes, and radioactivity. In recent years, study and measurements of even smaller particles in air than pre viously observed, known as condensation nuclei, have contributed greatly to our under standing of the nature and number of parti cles in air. The particles in the air on which water will condense are called condensation nuclei; under natural conditions only the larger particles are so effective. When the air is sufficiently super-saturated apparently any particle will serve. as a condensation center. Particles from such diverse substances as platinum, silver, stearic acid, glycerin and lubricating oil will all form droplets at a sufficiently high supersaluration of water vapor. Practical methods are now available to measure the number of particles in an aerosol in free air. A wider use of the technique already available for size and numbers of an aerosol would not only throw light on some of the problems of air pol lution but would certainly lead to further improvements in our knowledge of aerosols. oxide, hydrogen cyanide, hydrogen sulfide, acetonitrile, aromatic nitro and amino com- , pounds like aniline, nitrobenrtttthvnd deriva- ft, ; lives), which combine with the hemoglobin of the blood to prevent oxygen-carbon diox ;t. ide exchange. . . pletely separate air supply, supplied by si compressor which cannot evolve carbon mau4 oxide, carbon dioxide, oil mist or other unJ wanted impurities or from cylinders of tested known purity should be used for air line respirators, hoods or suits. In any event, regardless of supply, the system The insidious nature of the action of the' should include pressure relief valves, filters simple asphyxiants, ami the speed with and absorbents as recommended. which they can act, is still not widely appre ciated; whereas most people have a healthy respect for the chemical asphyxiants. Under proper medical supervision, pure nitrogen may be breathed for several seconds and this technique has been used clinically by Him- wich and others. However, nitrogen and the other simple asphyxiants give almost no warning between the time breathing air is replaced with the asphyxiant and uncon sciousness overtakes the subject. v 2. Anaesthetics are gases and vapors whose action is primarily by inducing the symptoms of anaesthesia when inhaled in : sufficient quantities. These include the sub : stances which come to mind when the word "anaesthetics" is mentioned, such as the ethers, chloroform, methyl chloroform (1,1,1trichloroethane), trichloroethylene, ethylene oxide and nitrous oxide (laughing gas), as well as hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, other halogcnated hydrocarbons, the aro- PHYSICAL REACTIONS . A loss of mental facilities begins within a few seconds, and unconsciousness may ; matic hydrocarbons, alcohols, esters, and f carbon disulfide. I 'i _ DECOMPOSITION OCCURS occur shortly after with no warning. The brain is the first organ of the body to be affected seriously by oxygen want, and the In addition to the physiological action of these materials alone and in combination, decomposition products are produced in a ^^."`Substatices producing other ejects-- This classification includes several substances action differ .irom prcyiqp^ly-mcnsubstanccs. Included in this group are mercury, white phosphorus, tetraethyl lead, nickel carbonyl, arsine, the boron hy drides, phosphine, hydrogen sulfide, anti the widely-publicized military "nerve gases." The initial action of these gases and vapors is primarily on the nervous system, with respiratory arrest following. CONTAMINANTS COMBINE If the above classifications appear com plicated, it must be remembered that these air contaminants seldom occur alone, and that even less is known about the combined action of two or more substances, especially if they are in different groups, than of the individual substances. Even if particles in the air arc non-toxic in themselves, they are known to act as carriers of condensable toxic vapors--formaldehyde can have its toxicity increased five times by the presence of an aerosol. It is little wonder, then, that respiratory protection can become a highly complicated Respirators for insecticides are tested and subject "blacks out" quickly. Mention is 1- fire or when they are otherwise subjected subject, and that the practical application listed by the U. S. Department of Agricul made of this little-appreciated phenomenon to heat. Even relatively harmless substances of respirators, gas masks, and scif-coiitaiiiul ture. not only because asphyxiants can be released in a room or lank with inadequate warning such as the Frcons and the Gcnctrons, breathing apparatus (all with their limita (widely used as non-flammable refrigerants tions), even by persons thoroughly trained B. GASES AND VAPORS In tliis major, group may he included most of the air contaminants which arc not classi fied as aerosols, 1. Irritant gases arc those which produce inflammation of tissue, such as the skin, the eyes, and the respiratory tract membranes. They are divided into two general groups: a. action is limited to irration (such as hydrogen choride) b. action extends to systemic effect (such from the action of a fixed carbon dioxide fire extinguishing system, from a large spill - of liquid nitrogen, from a leaking gas sys- fi j tem, from an inert-gas producer, or from a ** leaking cylinder, Jiut also because airline- supplied respirators, hoods and suits are l! frequently attached to a plant air supply B* with little appreciation of the hazard. " For example, at the Acids and Heavy Chemicals sub-section meeting, Chemical section, National Safely Council, October 25, 1956, no company present reported use of low toxicity, as replacements for am in their use, is not cut-and-dricd or fool monia, sulfur and ethane), will evolve toxic proof. decomposition product^ if they are heated above their decomposition temperatures. This has occurred where Ffcons and Genetrons were used as cleaning solvents. Relatively untrained persons in an emer gency situation, arc in especially vulnerable positions. Many of the case historcs at tached to this paper dearly point to the Metal parts, after cleaning, were heated ' need for more widespread appreciation of above the safe limits in order to dry and the nature of the hazard, as well as of the flash off the remaining solvent. Several limits of the various respiratory protective persons were hospitalized with pulmonary equipment used. congestion. Trichloroethylene degreasers, properly installed, maintained and operated, _ RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE DEVICES as oxides of nitrogen) Some of these gases and vapors have pro nounced odors, but the nose cannot be depended upon as a reliable method of es timating concentrations. 2. Asphyxiants are substances which de of a special air system for respiratory equip ment. If a cross-connection should occur anywhere in the air system which would permit an asphyxiant, toxic, or flammable gas to enter the air used for breathing, the results can easily and rapidly be fatal. are safe, yet the failure or misuse of these vapor degreasers has created serious haz ards including both fires and toxicity. 1 Mass hysteria and unconsciousness due to the little-appreciated anaesthetic action oP the trichloroethylene has occurred in sec A. AIR-PURIFYING RESPIRATORS The fundamental limitations of any air purifying device arc that the air must l>c within the limits for which the respirator was designed (for example, the oxygen content must be more titan 16 per cent) ; the prive the body tissues of oxygen, causing Oxygen, used indiscriminately, may also onds ; in one incident 72 persons were over particular unit will t.nly protect against hypoxia (oxygen starvation). Two general be a hazard, since serious fires have been come, and in another, 26. Fortunately, all the specific substance or combinations for methods of action arc known: simple reported where oxygen, cither from a cylin recovered after removal to fresh air and which it was designed, (for example, aero asphyxiants (such as nitrogen, hydrogen, der or an airline, or a leaking hose or pipe, oxygen inhalation. The hazards of carbon sol [dtspcrsoidj (filter typc| respirators will helium, and methane), which dilute or re was used for breathing purposes in an air tetrachloride mixtures in fire fighting and in give no protection against gases and place the oxvPr" pressure in air; and line respirator or hood where welding or other applications are well documented. chemical - . (such as carbon mon- other flames were involved. Only a com- I> vapors) ; and the canister or filter must be IS 14 195T National Safety Congress ' 1' 0003C3w';; Clicfitical Industries maintained in proper working condition (on reduced where higher concentrations of mer a properly maintained facepiece that fits cury front elevated temperatures and pres designed for specific substance aloil he ' To keep .the Hopcalite dryland also to snugly enough to exclude leakage)-. sures are present. (There is no Bureau of only warning that a canister or c; .. prevent excessive breathing resistance fro-n Aerosol (filter type) respirators require frequent changes in filters.when breathing resistance becomes uncomfortable when used Mines approval schedule for mercury res pirators). Combination cartridges have the limitation of a shorter service life when used is "exhausted" is the detection of vapor or gas passing through the canister or cartridge. developing as the drycr*U#|*pes moist. The shelf-life of the universal canister, once the canister has been attached to the where excessive dust or fumes are involved. with one particular ty|c of hazard than the Persons who need corrective lenses in facepiece is one year, if stored with the Chemical cartridge respirators will safely equivalent specific single-purpose canister order to work properly when wearing the lioltom seal in place, even though the mask protect only against the specific vapors and would have for the same hazard. respiratory protection, especially full face has not been used. If stored with lioth top gases in non-emergency situations where no more than 0.1 per cent is encountered. FACEPIECE TYPES : pieces, may find of interest two methods of and bottom seals unopened, as received from incorporating lenses inside a facepiece. One the manufacturer, the shelf-life is considered Extremely toxic materials, such as acro lein, acrylonitrile, aniline, dimethylaniline, arsine, bromine, carbon disulfide, carbon Normally, respirators use a 'itaif-mask", method consists of wire frames which fit facepiece, covering the nose and mouth, W/, around the circumference of the sight lenses, while gas masks use both full-niasks and*' vl^'and hold a 50-mm round prescription lens. full facepieces. (Only full facepieces on - by some to be four, and by others, five years. With an respirator or gas mask, the prob monoxide, dimcthylsulfate, hydrogen cyan gas masks arc approved by the Bureau of PRESCRIPTIONS IN FACEPIECES lem of proper fitting of the facepiece is ide, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen sclenide, Mines). Recently, the "self-rescue" or,-; 7, A second method consists of a center critical. In addition to the time honored hydrogen sulfide, iodine, methyl bromide, "pocket" respirator, normally used with a'j post built inside the mask, onto which can technique of holding the hand over the methyl chloride, nickel and iron carbonyl, nitrobenzene, nitroglycerine, nitromethane, cartridge containing Hopcatite with a dryer:and designed for escape from mines, has* be attached 40mm rimless glasses. Such j:,'-arrangements seldom allow perfect align- opening in the bottom of the canister while inhaling gently to sec that the facepiece will oxides of nitrogen, ozone, phosgene, phos phine, phosphorus, trichloride, stibine, sulfur chloride, the boron hydrides and others are too toxic even in low concentrations for re liance to be placed on simple cartridge type been extended into other cartridges. ! The mouthpiece of this style respirator is held tightly by the front teeth of the wearer, and the breathing is accomplished through the mouth. A nose damp blocks off the ?lament of the prescription lenses to the view- ; er's eyes, but, with adjustment, a sufficiently 11 : accurate fitting can be achieved for most -t-V purposes for reasonably long periods of !' time. . collapse on the face, another technique re cently suggested by the A.EC. is to use isoamyl acetate. Since isoamyl acetate (which smells sim ilar to bananas) can lie detected in a con respirators. openings of the nostrils, and prevents irri V . . The type N universal gas mask canister centration of as tow as one part per mil NOT FOR ODORLESS GASES Chemical cartridge respirators should not be used against gases which are odorless or whose odor threshold is high, since the only warning of failure of the respirator or of concentrations which are above the ability of the respirator is odor. Methyl chloride is an example of such a gas whose warning properties are too slight for practical pur poses. Substances which arc highly irritat tation of the membranes of the nose. Aneckband permits the respirator to be worn; ready for instant use. Twelve different; filter cartridges will fit the basic holder and $ mouthpiece. . jj Industrial canister-type gas masks, with;, canisters designed for specific substances or* combinations, have the same limitations in; general as chemical cartridge respirators,! except they arc effective in concentrations of i is constructed of several layers including . activated carbon (to remove organic vapors), . soda lime (to remove acid gases and carlion V dioxide), copper sulfate (to protect against I; .ammonia gas), silica gel and other dryers (to remove moisture both before and after rJ. the Hopcalite), and Hopcalitc itself (a mixE," lure of metallic oxides which catalyzes the j conversion of carlion monoxide to carbon ^I dioxide), plus a filter for smokes. lion, a small leak will lie detected if the acetate is placed on cotton and the lo'ton passed slowly around the edges of the ma^k without touching cither the wearer's face or the mask. If the wearer can detect the odor, a leak is indicated and the mask should be further adjusted until the odor can no longer be detected. CIVIL DEFENSE. MASKS As part of its chemical warfare defense ing to the eyes, such as sidfur dioxide, re any specific gas or members of the same'A '. This canister can be used as protection program, the Federal Civil Defense Ad quire eye protection (such as a gaslight goggle, an air-supplied hood, or a full-face piece). Several lacrimatory (tear-producing) sub- group of gases for which they are designed^of not more than two per cent in air or a';; two per cent total for a mixture of gases,', for which the canister is designed. t against smoke and gases which do not ex ministration is stockpiling a mask desig ceed two per cent by volume total, where nated ns CD V-800 organizationa' mask for ^adequate amounts of oxygen are present use by civil defense personnel. The canister | Sixteen per cent oxygen is cited as the on this chin-style mask is the same ns used tances, such as benzyl chloride, arc in the > same classification, and a respirator alone is clearly inadequate. Some substances, such as carbon monoxide, cannot be slopped by a chemical cartridge (except by the lfop- The ammonia canister is approved for-.; three per cent ammonia. For shorter periods': of time, industrial canister-type gas masks can be used in higher concentrations, but the time of service life will be reduced..- ^practical minimum, but life is not.actually in danger until about 14 per cent-'oty!less oxygen is present. A timer is used (dicount .the number of inhalations, and indicates t, about two hours total use. 1 in the U. S. Army Assault Mask. This mask is reported to give "excellent pro tection against CVV (Chemical Warfare) and I1W (Biological Warfare) agents, as well as against the inhalation of radio- calite in the Type N universal gas mask Depending on the size of the canister, and I?'' DISPOSE OF CANISTERS ,, Kijgical particles, or CBR (chemical, bio and in the miner's pocket self-rescuer). Ammonia cartridge respirators will protect against ammonia up to 1,000 p.p.m., while eye irritation from ammonia begins at about 700 p.p.m. Mercury cartridge respirators arc effec tive - nations of mercury vapor n- .iLOuutcrcd at ambient tempera ture!, i>- icrvicc life is proportionately the service for which it was designed, the,f service time varies. ' H.J Protection for a combination of various,;, gases, such as acid gases, organic vapon, and ammonia can all be obtained in one canister, but the service life of such a combination is shorter in the combined can-! ister when used with one specific substance, ;i than is the life of an equivalent canister,. !.V- A canister should be discarded at ((east V.M soon as the timer indicates the pointer e> has completed one revolution, if not sooner. fe'One authority recommends that universal (^canisters be weighed immediately on re:*; ceipt from the manufacturer, and that they F'be discarded as soon as they have gained grams. This 45 grams limit was imposed .*!Jince il represents the limit of the dryer* logical and radiological)". Designed to be used in conjunction with a detection kit, CD V-810, which will delect and distinguish between the nerve gases and the mustard gases, the V-800 mask is a specific mask for war gases (including nerve gases) and will not protect against carbon monoxide, ammonia and other gases. The Army Chemical ^rp* recently on* v r: W-y 00011957 National Safety Congress >* 3 r 4 il ' * V1 C/ieitifeal Industries iiounccd a new E-13 mask for troops. It route. These hose masks can be used safely lifi}'* use^ *or l|C!>d, f;icc a,,d respiratory pS fee Inc lines and standby r.csiue squads is designed to give the soldier complete only if the above precautions are observed, j Se lection. Depending on the particular fabrl jirotection against the inhalation of war Rases, germ warfare agents and airborne radioactive fallout particles, but docs not protect against direct radiation. The new mask does not have the pro truding canister used in current masks. This was made possible through develop resApirirlianteo-rssuaprpelieddividBeudreianutootfwMo icnleasssTesy:pe(aC) ;:]RS&t'ipolans,tict,hoisr composition suit allows used in its conslnjj work inside tank" the continuous flow type and (b) the demand'll reaction vessels and other confined space or intermittant demand flow type j (a) is ' !b which still contain a hazardous atmosphere. usually used with a powered compressor or Properly used, together with safeguards to blower, while (b) is usually used with Jk. insure that the wearer's air supply and life- breathing air supplied from cylinders. Thee41*-line are always in proper position and work- Were employed, the apparatus vMts. generally satisfactory in the Iiattds "oKSlfiaU-traincd users. The first self-contained breathing apjtaratus to lie approved by the If. S. Bureau of Mines was of the two-hour rebreathing type. ment by the Chemical Corps of a new light-weight, pliable gas-aerosol filter ma terial. Pads of this material are enclosed within cavities molded into the rubber face piece of the mask. Lower breathing re use of such equipment in atmospheres im jfll'jing order, this suit has increased safely mediately hazardo-us t0- ... . . * . r,,. omo.r;siHli|r|awnodrkdeincsreidaesetdanokpsercaotnintagincionsgtsminatmeraiainlstewnahnicche mended since failure of the air WW ---------- - feo-u. lSi'n.g- o*f *the 1hos'e wou*ld be serious, and., pvare corrosive or are easily absorbed through further, it is absolutely necessary to haw.-] |r/,the skin such as aromatic amino' and nitro The oxygen rebreathing type apparatus is relatively heavy (39# for the two-hour type) and is bulky. Most self-contained (closed circuit) oxygen breathing appara tus in use today require mouth breathing sistance, superior vision, belter speech trans respirable air of unquestioned quality. ^compounds. The same limitations noted with a nose clip, but a full facepiece has mission, and greater comfort are claimed. It should be noted that the CD V-800, the existing and the new Army gas masks should be-used for purposes for which they were designed only. After both World War We using have previously noted tli^ hazard of?; a plant air supply for air-supplied V Cabove fancied. for air-line respirators should be breathing equipment. It is recommended * Hi'S Regardless of the type "respirator" used, that a separate air system be used exclu-* fS a definite program of control is necessary to sivcly for breathing air. Depending on tire > i insure the device is used properly, is prop- recently been approved. Careful training is required in use and in maintenance of this apparatus. A minimum of 20 hours initial training is recommended by the Bu reau of Mines. I and II, several instances were reported where "surplus" Army masks were used for protection against gases for which they were not designed, with serious conse quences. It is important that gas masks are not misused. B. AIR-SUPPLIED RESPIRATORS Since the simplest solution to all respira tory problems is to supply pure air to the breather, the use of an air supply from some remote source where the air is not contaminated is both simple and logical. For many Applications, air-supplied equip ment has real advantages, but this equip pressure available and the diameter of the ] ,Y erly maintained, and that it is doing what ltose, there is a limit to the length of hose & is expected of it. After the Canadian Chalk -which is practical. f River atomic reactor incident, respirators -W--he--reve-r--p-o-s-s-ible, such systems shou . (.1.fLt wacetrfeveucsoendtatmoinapnretsv.enTthiinshparloagtioranmowf asrasduioc-- RESTRICTS MOVEMENT Demand-type air and demand-type oxygen breathing apparatus is available in half-hour, quarter-hour and 7yi minute ratings. Only be piped as close to the outlet as possioe,. | J Cessful only after a respirator official was so possibility of fouling of the hose and cutting off the air supply will be minimized. , appointed to control the use and mainlc- Exit from areas where air-line respirators, V nance of respirators, regular urine-samples are used must, of course, be the same as,., ; were analyzed to show definitely the degree the route in. If a compressor or tank sup- i, of absorption, and an improved respirator ply is used, sufficient pressure relief control .:Jj ; was made available. I must be available to protect the wearer id'SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING the half-hour demand apparatus is Bureau of Mines approved; the Bureau has no approval schedule at present for any selfcontained apparatus of less than a half-hour. Although the schedule of work on which the Bureau's half-hour rating is exhaust ing, large men under extreme stress have exhausted a half-hour (40 ctt. ft.) cylinder against pressure in excess of that prescribed'* APPARATUS \ in significantly less than a half-hour. for the equipment. * .f ^( Self-contained breathing apparatus supply .. Differing only in whether it is supplied ment is subject to definite limitations. The AIR-INFLATED SUITS `complete respiratory protection in any con- ' With compressed oxygen or compressed air, simplest type is the Bureau of Mines Type B hose mask, which is a facepiece to which is attached a hose without a blower which must extend to a respirable source of air. This mask depends on the breathing action of the wearer to move the air. For this reason, a maximum hose length of 75 feet Air helmets, air hooks, and air-supplied j. suits have the same general limitations as$] for air-line respirators. An interesting de-i'?| vclopinent in this field is the use of airinflated suits for protection of the whole1 body against hazardous materials. ' C(So,ocxTeyVnfgltrreaMntiodnefiocifenttoa-xatim-c--o-sg-pa1.hs. ee_sr_e.a---n-H---*dowu--en>vdueebrlr, iSuMtIy/ cer- f.tain gases and vamjw_r w...i.l.l cause systemic the,apparatus weighs nearly 30 pounds for the half-hour type, with the large cylinder (40 cubic feet) on the back. It is relatively poisoniinng bvy skin abhsworpntiiiomnt.1'. AAlnthr ough a awkward to put on and it restricts action ssmmaallll group, these exceptions are highly in confin-.d spaces. With practice, it may important, including hydrogen cyanide, nitro. .be put on and into operation from a mounted :and amino aromatic compounds, ethyleftd' j^ndtboard in less than 20 seconds. ' has been established for the hose mask with out blower. Low pressure blowers, operated either by hand or by power (power blowers do not In one form, the large impervious plastic, tunnel or pipe allows a man to work in one room while using air from another-- the slight air pressure supplied giving both', inline, phenols and a few others. These gases and vapors require complete skin .protection of an impervious type in addi ction to respiratory protection. " The back position of the cylinder makes i it difficult to crawl under equipment. Climb ing in ami out of small openings, such as n^anholes^j requires care when wearing this carry Bureau of Mines approval) are used breathing air and inflation (or body) to the U ft- EARL/ REBREATHING APPARATUS to supply Bureau of Mines Type A hose suit. The front of the suit is tailored into|i[ masks up to 150 feet. All hoses should a facepiece, and arms with gloves are at-; y -The early self-contained rebreathing ap- originate at the blower. tachcd. Mobility is reported good within,l f paratus, which was imported from Europe, A respirable sured, and > source of ' <- air must must be be as-, present ' the obvious limits imposed of the tunnel attached. by the length tj| bad serious deficiencies. Loss of life was . , ueported by users in this country; 19 ncci- (ype apparatus. Operation of a motor ve hicle is awkward when wearing a cylinder on the back. (15-miuutc and 7j4-minule demand apparatus use smaller cylinders slung on the side of the wearer, which overcomes this objection to some extent.) at the h' i nines. Fouling of the hose maj tut off the air supply, and the --route m> ' the imne as the entrance In another form, a complete suit with fdents are reported involving 26 facilities built-in arms and legs is supplied with air ; Sbetwccn 1911 and 1940, due partly to cquip- for inflation and a hood, also air supplied,f rment failure and partly to improper use. The purity of the air or oxygen with which the cylinder has been charged should always be questioned since other - -tes such 1 19 ( 1957 National Safety Congress oooscs Chemical Industries as nitrogen, acetylene and carbon dioxide apparatus cuts off abruptly, .andithe face-' fe'gen concentrations) with a check for w if Exercised to avoid cu|4 from the and gas mixtures other than air have ac tually been found in "breathing air" cylin ders. Errors in compressed air used for breathing may be rapidly fatal, and every newly-filled cylinder should be checked to insure it actually contains "breathing air," regardless of the source of supply. piece must be removed immediately or', tamable vapors and gases (using one o asphyxia can occur. One British half-hour; Sj-tnany instruments commercially avail breathing apparatus has available as op-'- 1-ilsnd a check for whatever toxic gas is tional equipment an automatic warning] respected (for CO, for example, the Na whistle (Pat. No. 644105) which will starts tional Bureau of Standards glass tubes con to blow when the cylinder pressure falls- taining palladium chloride which changes to 300 pound/square inch, to aid in warniflf|j tcolor with CO). To ignore any one of Orn top teal wlicn removing it. and tlie ranitrtr brought- Mcurety^jkJgijpUce alter it has been punctured by the sharp point designed into llic apparatus for that put|>oic. Tlie faccpiccc should not he donned until the canister is completely seated. A fresh canister should always be used in any Unless the user has his own compressor the wearer to return to fresh air at once.} |itl>ese fundamentals is to run risk of trouble. emergency. producing air of an unquestioned purity, no cylinder should be put on a demand breath ing apparatus or air-supplietl respirator, hood or suit until the contents have been checked for purity. The Orsat gas analyzer or the Beckman paramagnetic oxygen ana lyzer are often used in analyzing oxygen percentage while carbon monoxide may be checked with the National Bureau of Stand ards colormctric tester available from two manufacturers. High pressure cylinders may leak, and frequent inspection is necessary to insure that the air or oxygen is actually available The seal around the facepiece must bf'' absolutely gas-tight in a toxic atmosphere:since in the demand-type apparatus the face-'* piece is under slight negative pressure' niomentarily during the beginning of the) inspiration phase of the cycle. A recent* revision by one manufacturer eliminates,! this negative pressure partv of the cycle:! Another novel feature of another demandmask (54 cubic feet of air or oxygen di vided between two 26 cubic foot cylinders for balance) is a plug-in attachment car:: ried with the mask for administering re suscitation to an overcome |icrson on-the-spot SAFE 45 MINUTES The self-contained oxygen-generating breathing apparatus is approved by the Bureau of Mines, and is rated for 45 min utes. Some of the models produced for - the military are not Bureau of Mines ap proved, however. The weight of 14#, car peted on the dtest and stomach, gives it a ^ decided advantage both in weight and conStvenience over the demand-type apparatus, I'- although ti\c chest position creates limitaj^.lions in use under sonic conditions. The highly exothermic reaction which Once opened, a canister will continue to evolve oxygen even when removed from the apparatus and re-capped. To enter a hazardous atmosphere with a used canister is a highly dangerous practice--a fresh canister must be employed to insure safely. In view of the relatively high cost of these canisters, the temptation to rc-usc canisters is great, but should be avoided, ami canisters promptly disposed of to insure the safety of the next user. DON'T RE-USE CANISTERS The disposal of the sclf-conlaincd oxygen- for use in an emergency. High pressure valve, gauge, and demand regulator must tie maintained in top operating condition by inspection and a regular preventative maintenance schedule as recommended by the manufacturer. ATMOSPHERE CUTS SERVICE If demand-type apparatus is worn in environments where pressure above one at mosphere is present (as in caissons or tun while still in a toxic atmosphere. - generates oxygen trom.the potassium super In the aliovc discussions, no mention has Itccn made of the fire and explosion hazard of air which is richer than 21 per cent in oxygen, or of pure oxygen itself. Certainly air should not be replaced with oxygen, cither in a breathing apparatus, in a ventila tion technique, or for any other purpose, without full consideration of the increased potential hazards from fire, as the oxygen oxide (K,0<) evolves significant heat, which might serve as an aulo-ignltion source to carbon-disulfide or nickel carlionyl vapors under extreme conditions. This tempera ture of the canister surface may rcacli 250*F, and is equivalent to the hazard pre- ll - sented by unshielded incandescent lamps, ' \ -hot plates and steam I pipes in such an .: atmosphere. >j jf., When worn in hot areas, or while work- concentration increases altove the 21 per gciicraling canisters must lie performed ac cording to the instructions, t hi. cn.r-c, ivi line, or other ..r liquids must he l.< 11 li -o ' ` or ail cxplo-i-.n mil i - or ' ` - ' water in large quantities should K u-cl Pdestroy a canister. The canisters should be promptly disposed of, and not be left sitting around where they could contact combustibles. For reasons noted, under discussion of nels under higher than atmospheric pres cent oxygen content of air. A flammable sure), the service' lime is reduced as (he vapor-oxygen mixture requires only about I'1, ing hard in the heat, the oxygen generated demand-type breathing apparatus, the selfv" may occupy a volume which requires contained oxygcu-gcneraling apparatus pressure increases. This is also true of un one thousandth the energy to ignite it as "dumping" of surplus oxygen to maintain 'should not lie worn under pressures greater derwater use of the regular demand-type apparatus; a special adaption is available for underwater swimming. Other peculiar effects have been reported when demand and closed circuit oxygen breathing apparatus was worn under pressure. . - The use of oxygen in atmospheres above two atmospheres absolute pressure should be avoided since oxygen produces a toxic effect under such conditions. For periods up to 12 hours at normal atmosphere pres sures, however, oxygen may be used without apparent ill effects by healthy persons-- persons in questionable physical condition should not wear <my emergency breathing docs a corresponding flammable vapor-air mixture. The resulting fire or explosion is many times more violent. Failure to appreciate these facts (which have been published and well documented for years) has cost many lives. For this reason, it is as important to analyze a sus|iccted atmosphere for oxy-, gen concentration as for flammable vapors and gases, and for toxic gases. By using cither the time-honored mine safely lamp as an oxygen indicator, or the more re cently available Beckman paramagnetic oxy gen analyzer, it is |iossihlc to obtain fast and sufficiently accurate oxygen analyses t comfort. The apparatus! requires care in | Starting, especially in sub-freezing tempera " ` lures--for this reason it is considered good practice that both the apparatus and the than two atmospheres absolute. Smaller Self-Contained Breathing and Oxygen Inhalation Devices canisters he stored inside or in a heated U. S. Bureau of Mines approval for sclf- truck cab or automobile, and that the ap * contained breathing apparatus currently paratus be thoroughly started above freez makes no provision for apparatus rated for ing temperatures, if possible. , less than 30 minutes. In emergencies where if Unless the sub-freezing starling is llior- a smaller, less cumbersome device with a !?>' ough, the wearer may be aware of insuffi shorten life would give adequate protection, cient oxygen during the first few minutes, j* the only available devices until recently by a feeling of "light licadcdncss" and diffi v were regular demand masks with smaller culty in coordination. If such a condition cylinders for 20, 15, and 7'/i minutes serv is noted, lie should return to fresh air, ice, using the same faccpiccc, reducers and deflate the bags and rc-slart the apparatus, regulators as on the larger approved devices. equipment, but should remain away from' for practical purposes. . , until the breathing rate and the generating Recognizing that many (perhaps most) contaminated ' ` Wwater. Combine such oxygen analysis (which will When . j of air or oxygen has reflect inert gases or oxygen deficient at rale balance before re-entry. breathing emergencies can lie brought under In inserting the canister in the canister control in 10 minutes, and that the first been depleted, ">e supply in the demand type mospheres as well as excessively high oxy- l holder (canister is stored separately), care UOtc of Expired air contains ^lively lil* l r- 1957 National Safety Congress 00035B y : ; - Chemical Industries tie COt, there is now available a light on demand-type apparatus mui^fie checked Signals as used by mine rescue loan- CASE HiSlU weight device in which oxygen from small frequently for leaks; canisters on'industrial on OATH (0=OK=l pull; "' AMMONIA* cylinders, supplemented by the first lOOcc or universal service masks or chemical cart vance=2 pulls; T-take-up=3 pullu^^**.- of the previous exhaled breath, is used for ridge respirators must be replaced. help=4 pulls) should be employed and The incident fn qu&tt&MJook place in breathing at a rate of seven liters per min ute. The device is still too new for exten sive field experience, but represents a novel Washing the facepiece with an antiseptic solution or soap, rinsing in clear water, and drying will assure that sanitation and clean stand-by men, ready to enter the area for rescue, should always be on hand. Hand-carried short-wave two-way radios Singapore, Malaya, during the early days of the war 1942, just prior to the fall of the city to the Japanese. and new approach to the weight, bulk and liness is not neglected. This also prolongs may also prove useful for communication Our ship was tied alongside the docks, cost of presently approved equipment. the useful life of the facepieces. Proper between base and field party. When used having just completed a mission. The city Another recent development is a small portable anaesthesia and oxygen breathing device which is designed for use by medical personnel primarily, but which has obvious application as a "self-rescuer" for escaping toxic atmospheres. The device consists of a face piece with pressure limiting valve, an aluminum central body, a soda lime canister in volumes of lOOcc to SOOec, two aluminum cylinders, each containing three liters of oxygen, and a six liter rubber rebreatiung storage conditions and frequent checking for deterioration are as important with respira tory protective equipment as with fire ex tinguishers, parachutes and life-lines. TRAINING DEFICIENT Training is the third, and perhaps most important leg of the triangle of respiratory safety. There is serious deficiency in this phase of the respiratory program. Putting on a device for a few minutes once a year in atmospheres which may contain flammable vapors or gases, any electrical devices should have a "permissible" rating by the Bureau of Mines for the gases or vapors involved. PHYSICAL EXAMS LACKING The need for proper physical examina tions for persons wearing emergency equip ment has not always been appreciated in the past. A regular program of physical check ups with particular attention to the respira was under air attack continually, so that we maintained a full scale Battle Watch, ready for any emergency. It was after one of these raids that a strong odor of ammonia was observed on our ship; our blower venti lating system was picking it up. Investiga tion by our shore patrol informed us that a large cold storage plant had been hit and that the local fire department was attempting to rescue several members who were trapped inside the buildings. bag. Using the device for escape, it is claimed a young male adult walking three mph can travel safely for 1100 yards using a 200cc soda lime canister, and 1800 yards using a SOOcc canister. Since the complete unit weighs less than two pounds, and the oxy gen cylinders are pocket-size, the device may rightly be called pocket-size, and, in the hands of trained personnel, should be useful for self-rescue oxygen inhalation or resuscitation. Maintenance, Training and Medical Precautions is not adequate training. The U. S. Bureau of Mines Health and Safety Activities, through its district and sub-district offices, conducts training courses in first-aid, and also in the use of various emergency breath ing apparatus. The course can be modified to meet spe cial needs on request. Addresses of offices which offer these courses may be obtained by contacting the Health and Safety Divi sion of the Bureau of Mines, 4800 Forbes St., Pittsburgh 13, Pa. This service of the Bureau is available to the mineral and allied industries,' as well as to governmental agencies. The Bureau has at each of its tory and circulatory system as welt as general physical condition probably would have prevented some cases where inhalation of a smoke combined with physical exertion with or without respiratory protection, has produced serious illness. Pulse rales before, during and after ex ercise, genera! pltysical condition, moderate weight, good eyesight and proper teeth alinement (where mouthpiece breathing is in i' volrcd) are considered) vital to pre-training by the Bureau of Mjnes instructors. A . practice of not permitting persons to return uI n.pr. o__t_e__c__t_e__d_ t..o. s..m..vok.te. oV.r -fuUmiuevas aWfItIeVIr tUhteVyJ jhave been overcome and revived, would Our fire and rescue section was dis patched to the scene at once;, we were equipped for such work with demand-type breathing apparatus, with proper protective equipment and safety lines. Upon arrival we were briefed as to the plant layout ami the possible location of 10 men inside the build ing with a British type canister mask for protection. We entered the area working in pairs, and during the next 20 minutes removed 10 firemen, who had been well trained by the best of British methods, but unfortunately ill equipped for such violent eruditions. y_ amW1 huepnonforuennd,o,vaa|ll frmoemn twheerebuuilndcinongs'wcieour,s In discussing' respiratory protection, we have shown the importance of breathing "good" air, briefly reviewed the major air contaminants, and discussed briefly appara Health and Safely field offices throughout; help prevent more serious inhalation effects. , rushed to ,he |IoSp'Ila|( oxygen being admin the country mine-rescue equipment, and will ! f Such restraining action may require phyii- fstered enroute by a fine Australian mcdica make it available to trained personnel in any : cal force to implement it in practice, since ` team. Of the 10 men rescued, six died fron emergency. . ; ' a patient who is partially recovered from the effects of ammonia inhalation, four met tus available. We have stressed the limita During training, breathing apparatus , fume or smoke inhalation may display highly recovered completely. tions of each type, rather than the advan- should be worn for relatively long periods, ^irreg,,ula.r b_ e---h---a- --vior. One reVcWoIImIMmIVeIIWndWaMtiVoMn aimf J,; . During the entire operation none of ou ' tages, since we believe that limitations were not as widely appreciated as advantages. The ideal breathing apparatus has yet to be developed. We have tried to create the im pression that a thorough knowledge of life particular apparatus used is essential for its safe use under various conditions. Maintenance of the apparatus in first-class condition so it is immediately ready for use at any time is likewise inqiortnut. Metal parts of apparatus will wear, tarnish or in dark and confined spaces, climbing hills jthat persons sufficiently exposed to-fehowt1''- or stairs, duplicating all manual labor ex-, /and carbon monoxide to require treatment team experienced any breathing difficu'ty; pcctcd, and in smoke-filled atmospheres by, d Should not return to active duty in less than the teaching of damage control, fire and hand-carried lights.while performing work! JjteuT to six hours, while those who have rescue work by Naval standards arc very Smoke generators are available, which will: w.tbeen rendered semiconscious or unconscious good; i Their careful selection of reliable quickly fill a room, a basement, a tunnel or* iishould rest 24 to 48 hours. d equipment has been the result of careful re a small building with a smoke that, is real-" istic, but which is relatively harmless and ft Properly maintained breathing apparatus; j,IBed with full appreciation of its timila- ean be ventilated out without any damage.'- jtions, by healthy persons, properly and adc- search and experience. NITROGEN IN AIR-LINE RESPIRATOR The "buddy" system and team drill should: [quately trained, will eliminate most "fume" Employees in an area were required la be practiced, as in a real emergency. The? 'disabilities in the future. However, the ideal use air-line respirators as a precaution corrod- Fate Us will slowly "age." use of life lines should be a part of thtsj ikeathing apparatus for all applications has against inhalation of radioactive particles. .in take a "set" and must be training, and should be a standard part of.' "* been developed, and may not be dcvel- The air line was also used to provide in dirarded ''vlinders, regulators and valves any underground, lank or smoky operalws..' ` until there is sufficient demand for it. strument air. 1957 National Safety Congress 000 C G ; FILMS 1. Mechanisms of Breathing (EBF) 612.2-1, Pennyslvania State University, Audio Visual Aids Library. State College, Pa. or Encyc. Brit. Films, Inc. 1150 Wil mette Ave., Wilmette, III., (16mm sound, 11 min). \ A regular compressor and a standb; pressor were provided on the air linejM--v.se a week-end, both compressors were out of service, so bottled nitrogen was manifolded into the line by a temporary jumper con hidiisti ies 'Wor 10 days from a toxic exposure to plm- gctrtr fuiftcs, Mtd Svas'absmtifttvm work tor about one month. The two other men suf fered no ill effects whatsoever. 2. Oxygen, 16mm sound, 10 min., B&W and color, Coronet Films, Coronet Bldg. Chicago 1, III. 3. The Air We Breathe, 16mm sound, 26 min., B&W; Mine Safety Appliance Co., 5-4S 49tli Ave., Long Island City, N. Y. or local sales office. nection to maintain instrument air pressure. An employee, aware of the circumstances, was told to wear a filtcr-tyjws mask. By habit, however, he entered the area and was ; found dead several minutes later due to NO RESPIRATORY PROTECTION A chemist was decomposing a reaction mixture containing phosphorous oxychloride in a hood by pouring it over icc onto a 4. The City That Disappears (Los Angeles), 16mm sound, color, 30 inin., (Stanford nitrogen inhalation in the air-line respirator four-liter beaker. While his back was Research Institute, Menlo Park, Calif. he had worn instead of the filter-type mask. turned, the reaction became violent and the 5. A Report on Smog, 16mm sound, color, 20 min. (same source as 4). 6. Yon Bet Your Life, 25 min., 16mm sound B&W, available same source as 3. 7. Use of Oxygen in Aviation, TFl-4595, 22 min., 16mm sound, color, same source as 8. 8. Oxygen, In-Flight Requirements, TF-1-5038A, 25 min., 16mm sound, color, Air Force Training Films, Eastern Film Exchange, 1356 Film Library Flight (APCS) (MATS), Marietta Air Force Station, Marietta, Pa. 9. Oxygen-In-Flight Equipment, TF 1-5038B, 30 min., 16mm sound color, same source as 8. 10. The Physiology of Anoxia, 30 min., 16mm sound, B&W, same source as 11. 11. The Breath of Life, 10 min., 16mm sound color, H. J. Polk, Oxygen Therapy Dept., Linde Air Prod. Div., U.C.&C., 30 E. 42nd St., New York 17, N. Y. . Breathing air systems, using an approved j compressor or tank system, should be closely i supervised and used only for breathing. Employees whose work takes them out of ' 'contact (visual or audiable) with others (should be closely supervised. Human error ' caused this fatality. , CARBON TETRACHLORIDE AGAIN . Bunker C oil leaks.had sprayed oil over the walls and ceiling of a small boiler room. Fearing the fire hazard which might result from using kerosene on the electrical ctpiip- mixture overflowed onto the hood door. A small amount also spilled onto the laboratory floor, since he did not have a catclipan under the beaker. He directed Isis laboratory assistant to leave the room promptly, but stayed behind to throw some icc on the spill on the floor and open windows. He re-cntcrcd the lalm- ratory after 10 minutes, when the fumes had subsided considerably, and cleaned the spilled material ofl the floor. This required 10 minutes, during which period lie inhaled some of the fumes, chiefly HCl. lie did not 12. Safe and Efficient Oxygen Therapy, 20 min., 16mm sound color, avail, same source as 11. ment, the plant engineer had four men use a bucket of carbon tetrachloride with a use any respiratory protection, although it was available. 13. Nitrogen Inhalation Therapy, 10 min., 16mm silent color, Dr. II. E. Ilimwich, long-handled brush. i lie did not notice any ill effects that day, Galesburg State Research Hospital, Galesburg, 111. 14. Solvcy Chlorine Emergency Devices, 16tnm silent color, 40 min., Research Dept., Solvcy Process Div., Allied Chcm. & Dye Corp., Solvcy, N. Y. or local Solvcy sales branch off. Respirators of the proper type were pro vided and worn, but due to a missing part and poor fitting on onp mask, one of the men became ill and was hospitalized three oilier Ihai, eye ami throat irritation, but lie was hospitalized on the following day for bronchial and pulmonary congestion. He was in the hospital (nr four days. 15. Use of the Air-Chem Suit, 16mm sound, 30 min. color, Cost Reduction Section, Chamber Works, Organic Chemicals Dept., E. 1. DuPont dcNcmours & Co., Inc. (Penns Grove, N. J.) avail, both with magnetic sound tract & regular optical sound tract. 16. Breathing Apparatus, Fire Dept. Training Film, >6mm sound B&W, 30 min., Public Relations sect. Los Angeles Fire Dept., Los Angeles, Calif., also avail, as Navy Train. Film 17. Breath of Life, 16mm sound, color, 10 min., Scott Avia. Corp., Lancaster, N. Y. - 18. No. 2 Training Film, 16 sound B&W, 20 min., Scott distributors. . weeks with typical carbon tetrachloride poi-. ^ soning symptoms. I * * A vertical catalyst lied was bring roilded A pro|icrly adjusted : respirator, a less out to remove solids. Dust and Ionics (min toxic solvent (such as 1,1,1-trichloroethane), the solids (icing discharged at the Ixitti mi of and ventilation--any combination of these ' the reactor were sufficient to cause con dung measures would have prevented this injury. It was also noted that' the injured man occasionally consumed alcoholic beverages-- and discomfort to the operator, although spot ventilation was being used at the tup of the column. a contra-indicated action in solvent areas. The oiicriilor continued to work out his 19. Damage Control, Oxygen Breathing Apparatus, MN-6931A, 16mm sound, B&W, shift, but that night lie bad an attack of . 22 min., Navy Train. Film, U. S. Naval Train. Aids Center, E. Coast, 207 W. 24th St., N. Y. 11, N. Y. 20. Rescue Companies, 16mm sound 30 min., by Warwick & Tompkin, Public Rela tions section, Los Angeles Fire Dept., Los Angeles, Calif. 21. Nerve Gas Casualties & Their Treatment, 16mm sound color, 30 min.. State CD Offices, or thru the Federal CD Admin., Battle Creek, Mich, on Fed. contribu tions prog, or thru W. B. Jacques, E. R. Squibb & Co., 745-5th Ave., New York, N. Y. 22. Gas Obstacle Course, TF-14440,'16mm sound, B&W, 19 min., 1943 (Air Force) R. . ? . i~ll eels of Weather on the Travel of Smoke & Gas Clouds, TF-1-4666, 16 ' sound, B&W, 21 min., 1949, avail, same as 8. . ] Am sam sa PHOSGENE - . A chemist suffered a major injury when ' phosgene gas containing dissolved HC1 es- nausea and voiniltiug, accompanied by per sistent coughing. Following a recurrence of the original attack, lie was admitted to a aped from a cylinder too fast for the cap- hospital for four days. "i. acity of the hood. The chemist was wearing , An wr line respiratn: was readily availI' a Type N universal canister mask, but lie i'l aide, although the magnitude of liic dust |ji 'noticed that his eyes were irritated when he T hazard was not fully appreciated at the time. ' .took the mask off moments later in the fresit 'air. * * * J.' Two men who worked alongside him were 'waring air-line respirators and did not .itntll phosgene nor notice any eye or throat |nitation. The chemist was hospitalized During the operation of a small scale reactor housed in a harriradc, it was nec essary to enter the barricaded area and with draw condensate every half-hour. This re moval consisted of opening a -alvc at llto 2" Ip 000358 . _ 1957 National Softly Congress ! Chemical] Industries bottom of a condenser to check for and re move any unconverted by-products. In per forming this operation it was necessary to discharge some vapors to insure complete withdrawal of the condensate. The injured had been doing this during his shift without using the air-line respi rator which was prescribed protection equip ment for this operation. In addition to this exposure, he had entered the barricade during the early part of the shift to make minor repairs to a leaky blower. built up enough to activate AJigrmkier head, which transmitted an A. >. Ti alSrin. Since very little smoke was visible external to the drying room (which was held at approx. < 150*If) the first firemen went In without any protection. They were quickly over- I come. ' Members of the rescue company followed closely behind using Type N universal can ister masks. These functioned well on the sixth floor outside the drying room, but in side, one of these five men was overcome. The other four heeded the warning sign 1, ' 1 The injured worked for several days with of "overbreathing" and retreated to fresh i no apparent ill effects. While at home he developed a fever and shortness of breath which was subsequently diagnosed as acute bronchial asthma. He was home for three days. In this case, the injured failed to obey written and verbal instructions to wear an air before being overcome. These same men returned to the room after donning selfcontained breathing apparatus. In all, 30 men were overcome in this multiple alarm fire--multiple only because all men from the first companies were overcome. All the firemen recovered. I j' : ,j : . air-line respirator, and the injured's shift leader failed to enforce this rule. Since then, all operators in this group have been reinstructed in the necessity for observing regulations regarding barricade entry, and have been informed that repeated violation of safety regulations may constitute grounds NO RESPIRATORY PROTECTION A chemist was preparing to use hydrogen sulfide for a determination and when the valve was opened, a leak developed because a washer did not seat properly. Before the employee could close the valve, . . ' . ' , for dismissal. WRONG TYPE MASK An employee washing out a chlorine tank car passed out due to insufficient oxygen. the hydrogen sulfide was ignited by the flame from a bimsen burner located in the same hood. In an attempt to close valve, the employee re-entered the room, without wearing protective equipment, was overcome, ]| ] A fellow employee put on a Type N uni and struck his head on the edge of a A few minutes exposure to fresh nirfSftl the "overcome" electrician stood tip fijSd walked to the dispensary. Examinatiorfr?-' 'tS-i . . . - Mii :- .r-- His helper returned a few minutes later, shouted for help, thru went into the lank ' to aid the first man who waS.-unconscious. vcalcd him to be coherent and no signs of narcosis. He rcslcd for about half an hour and returned lo Ids job--by (Ids time the job in the pit was completed. Before help arrived, the helper was also overcome, but holh men were promptly re moved to fresh nlr.- The helper was suc cessfully revived, but the mechanic could A few pertinent facts arc in order: sol- not be brought back to life. vent was not spilled on the floor of the pit, the "overcome" electrician had returned to work that morning after being off for sev- Failure to follow established tank-entry procedures was the reason given for this fatality. era! days due to a bronchial inflammation, and (lie other electrician never demonstrated or mentioned any ill effects. INERT GAS Two men entered a kettle to repair an agitator, which is normally a two day job. INERT GAS IN TANK CAR On the first day nothing unusual happened. A tank cleaner entered a tank car (which had previously contained caustic soda) and started to wash it down with a hose with the bottom outlet open. After failing to reappear in a normal time, investigation re vealed the man lying in the bottom of the car. Upon removal'and attempts at resuscitation, it was determined that he had died as a result of weak` alkali solution having been taken into the respiratory tract. On the second day the men went into the kettle, worked for an hour, and came up for a coffee break. When they re-entered kettle, they began to feel weak. They were actually too weak to climb out of the man hole after 15 minutes, but finally crawled out. They came to as they stepped out into the air. After investigation, it was discovered that one of the men had opened an inert gas This is strong evidence that the inert gas used to unload the car was a byproduct of chemical operations, low in oxygen and could have contained carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen and other constituents. Upon checking the air ioxygen and 2000 ppm of reducing gases whicji would commonly be reported as carbon monoxide. line instead of an air line. Close to the op of the kettle was a section for a lie line to be piped to outside the building. The hose was only half-way down into the kettle. The inert gas was heavier than air, when they bent over to pick up tools, they would get inert gas until they eventually were made ill. ** versal canister gas mask and entered the car for rescue purposes, fie, too, passed out and it was necessary to use self-con tained breathing apparatus to rescue both. Fortunately, both men recovered. *** bench as lie fell to the door. He was res : cued by another employee who was wearing ` a demand self-contained breathing appara tus. He was hospitalised for three months >' and as a result of this incident lost his ; sense of smell. Inasmuch ns the official coroner's report stated that the man fell, to the bottom of the or apparently due to heat exhaustion, there, was no significant publicity concerning this incident. Corrective measures have been taken to avoid any recurrence. An engineer went down to inspect a kettle. lie began to fed sick and came out. Upon investigation later they found the kettle had been "blown-out" with cncrt gas and did not follow through by removing the gas with proper air ventilation. (The engi Fire was located in a drying-storage room of steel construction, measuring 8 feet x 50 feet x 30 feet closed by an absestos curtain at one end. There was no possibility of ventilating. The room was located on the sixth floor of a factory and contained a large quantity of "wood flour" (pulverized saw dust), used in casting ornaments, con tained in 100# bags. Fire was started by ANOTHER SOLVENT INCIDENT | $ TANK JOB CLAIMS LIFE Two electricians, journeyman and appren- i A maintenance mechanic lost his life; and lice, four were working in a concrete pit-- by six foot top opening and standing' : ; his assistant narrowly escaped in tank inctdent. , on the bottom, the ground level was in the, :} Repair work had been scheduled inside the proximity of their eyes, nose and mouth. i'. tank to begin after lunch, and two men asRepair of the small motor involved using s ;f;' signed to the job. The mechanic deculcd<sto solvent an inhibited grade of 1,1,1-trichton*- S' look over the job about 11:30 a.m. and wjfnt tliane. Approximately 10 minutes after en .< into the tank after sending his helper for neer recovered immediately upon leaving the kettle) *** A man went into a non-cnamclcd kettle. The complete kettle was blanked off with exception of entrance. The kettle had been "mown-out" with inert gas. He was over come. It was necessary to resuscitate the man quite a while before he recovered. an electric motor in the rear-most portion ot the room. V t> and o* Alarr. ' > xddered for some lime and . ,vas heavily loaded with smoke, 'UiJy a high CO and CO content, j sounded when Die heat finally tering the pit, the one electrician appears! certain supplies. The inert gas (which con to be swaying, somewhat in a stupor aid i'- tained essentially nitrogen with small per- somewhat incoherent. A combination d *;' centages of CO and CO,) supply to the lifting and pushing forced the man out of i ' tank had not been shut off, since the me- the pit. The other electrician used the hf- cbanic had not informed anyone of his tlcr in leaving the pit : I fj-entry. The mechanic was quickly overcome. ILLUMINATING GAS IN TRENCH Two men were working in a scries of three by seven by seven foot trenches dug along a 75-foot length of a street. While tapping a high pressure illuminating gas main to install a jumper line into a low 27 1957 National Safely Congress ooocr<) Chemical Industries pressure main, a drill slipped and opened a valve in the tapping machine. Gas was re leased into the trench. One man immediately left the trench, but the other was overcome. A laborer standing on the bank observed this, and immediately descended into the trench. He tied a rope around the waist of the unconscious man before he, too, was overcome. Meanwhile the foreman of the job put on an air-line respirator and went into the trench to close the valve. By the time the two unconscious men were brought to the surface by the foreman, one was sufficiently ill that initia tors could not revive the laborer even after observed staggering and shouting,, outside. He was wearing a dust respirator. Both men were given oxygen and sent to the dispensary. Each of the men had a pale white complexion with a bright red over tone. An examination of the compressor after the incident showed a crack along the base of the compressor housing. This was caused by liquid methyl chloride in the compressor. The tank had been ftdl for three days and had been frosted over, indicating the presence of liquid. The incident was caused by attempting to transfer through the full tank. a hall-hour of resuscitation. The other un OXYGEN WASN'T THEREI conscious man was revived. During degreasing operations involving llie The final score: three men treated at use of Freon-113 !(Tri(luorolrichloroethane), hospital for gas inhalation while one man it appears that one operator fell into the was dead on arrival. MASK IMPROPERLY ADJUSTED A near fatality occurred when an oper ator went to tighten a chlorine line in the Waste Treatment Plant and the line disin tegrated, thus exposing him to a full blast of chlorine. He had his face mask on, but due to maladjustment, he was hospitalized for twenty-four hours. tank while attempting to disengage the bas ket. The other operator, without calling for help, immediately entered the tank to go to his assistance. Both men lost their lives due to suffocation in the oxygen-defi cient atmosphere. In fire safety, we have long hammered at the point of calling assistance before tack ling any fire alone. The same point should be reiterated again and again in training NARROW ESCAPE A plant protection officer entered man hole lo inspect water valves, collapsed after about three minutes, was unconscious for three and one-hall hours, revived by artifi cial respiration. If there had not been another officer watching and a truck with a rope on it nearby, this would likely have been a fatality. A six inch artificial gas main 30 feet away had broken and the gas had seeped into the hold. No respirator was worn. ' personnel where the hazards of suffocation or entrapment exist. In many large chemi cal plants, personnel arc often widely spaced and telephones arc not always readily avail able at all locations. In practically all plants, however, a fire alarm box is located quite conveniently to all operating stations. Full ing the fire alarm tiox summons (rained assistance and supervision in a mallei' of seconds. Where feasible, employees should lie trained lo use the fire alarm Itox instinc tively to summon assistance before attempt ing on their own. METHYL CHLORIDE In any case where hazard evaluation dis A leak developed in the methyl chloride compressor which was being used to transfer methyl chloride from the drier through a tank to storage. The leak was first dis covered by a foreman who had heard the closes tlic possibility of suffocation or en trapment, personnel should he thoroughly trained to overcome the instinctive reaction to go immediately to the victim's assistance and to summon help first by the fastest compressor pounding and who entered the available means. area to investigate. " ' ' 'rd excessive quantities of ..<ie. An operator entered the area a filter type respirator, hut left when delected methyl chloride through ' ' ...iralor. Shortly afterward he was HYDROGEN SULPIDE! One man suffocated and two escaped death when exposed to IBS. This accident was caused when a precipi tation tank overflowed nnd spilled "id- bearing liquor on the floor. The pftpior drained into a sump near the leacli ijgtion and was then pumped into a reserve fiOTihg tank. Later, pipes from a reserve sulfide holding tank were disconnected, allowing the contents to drain on the floor. The sulfide, during clean-up was washed into the sump and then pumped into the the pit, His airline caught on the bottom of the handrail and impeded his exit. This caused him to panic and he took off his mask. The foreman and the"safely attendant running to his assistance, pulled him to safety as he collapsed. His workmate con tinued to work in (he pit witliout any trouble. ' same reserved holding tank. An immediate reaction generated large quantities of HiS, filling the area surrounding the tank. Una After being given artificial respiration and an injection of cotamine, the pipe-fitter ware of this, three employees entered the area. was removed to hospital where lie recovered. The apparatus which he had been wearing The first employee collapsed just as he was subsequently found to be in good order, but it was unwise to compel him to work passed the tank. The remaining two men walked a few feet further; one collapsed under circumstances of which he was obvi ously afraid. and the other reached a window and called for help. Other members arrived and gave AMMONIA artificial respiration white the ambulance was summoned. On arrival at the hospital, (he first employee was pronounced dead. One afternoon, while the engine-room foreman of an ice-cream factory was stand ing near an oil separating unit, there was Processing plants, and laboratories in the program contain the elements to produce not only gases like HS but disastrous fires and explosions as well. These can occur from an uncontrolled chemical process reaction or, as in this case, from improper mixture of two chemicals. Infrequently, storage of 3 report and ammonia liquid and gas issued from tlie sump. It was later found that the rubber seal between the sighting glass hous ing and the sump had "blown." The engine room was immediately evacuated, the foieman taking with him a canister respirator from a rack. incompatible chemicals can be separated The fire brigade was railed and warning physically for safety,: which was done here given to all employees in the factory. As afterward. Move reliably, however, the em- the concentration of gas was too high lor ployecs should be instructed fully in the the canister respirator, the foreman was adverse effects of ^hcmical combinations unable to re-enter the engine room to reach possible in (he operation. . the ammonia isolating valve. The gas spread rapidly through the factory area ami tunny . ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS . of the 100 employees, most ot them women, A pipe-fitter, aged\ 26, was gassed by were affected. aliphatic hydrocarbon t fumes in a pit 20 There was some degree of panic and some feet by It) feel by 6 feet deep In an oil re-. women were rescued front the canteen by finery while he and another man Were In firemen. Sixteen women employees and two serting a blank in a pipeline which had been firemen were admitted to hospital but only shut off. Both men were wearing breathing tin i c persons were detained overnight. Seven apparatus supplies with air from * handpump, a V piece being used to supply, the .two sets of apparatus from a single pump. of the women were sufficiently affected to require notification. Occupants of houses within a radius of 50 yards of the factory While working in (he pit, the pipe fitter, were also affected. The firm had already who was apprehensive and difficult to reas sure, was seen to remove his mask. The safety attendant, who, with the forenyan, was watching from ground level, replaced the mask and assured him that it was work begn advised to provide self-contained breathing apparatus and they were again advised to keep apparatus of (his kind out side the engine room as well as the canister respirators. ing properly. When the joint was opened, some liquid escaped owing to residual pres'sure, and the pipefitter endeavored to come away, but was persuaded to return. ; Later, when he again attempted to leave TWO FATAL ACCIDENTS WITH BENZENE VAPOR In one accident a laborer, aged 23, was fatally gassed and an ambulance room atten dant and a fireman were also gassed while 20 f F" UUUc5hU fc57 National Safely Congress W Industries Itenipfing to rescue him. Tlie foreman had :iven instructions for lour of a scries of 6 benzol tanks to be cleaned alter they lad been steamed out, tested and declared itee from gas. White the laborer with his workmate was preparing to start work on * {*** which had been steamed, out, he enquired about another tank which had not bDeCeCnn s3itceatmutve.du alannvdi w<a--s t-o----l-d-- they were not i*nstruct*ed4 *to- c-le--a-n tht*a*t *ta,,nLk. When the workmate relumed after fetch effected and lie issued a permiHo-work certificate accordingly. Without being in structed to do so, a laborer climbed up a ladder to the top of the furnace. He w_as___n_o_t we_ aring b_ reathing apparatus and, being overcome 'by escap'ing g--as, he fe|| f0 (|,e ground about 10 feet below, After recovering consciousness he was able (C (0 die ambulance room. POUR CASES OF CHLORINE POISONING . .mepttfyhavrpaeemekevre,eilloinCathhwtraiemetnwhrrieseittshefwiwlcroakiootssRrrtkoenuesbsorhpeut.iitfsrrsaoutstmohftforeicmiiwenapnhacetashrsl.vionacnTgvnahliiflewlauaamtbp^slreeosfpncoeotfnoort ^ifiwdaaifnonirhvereiaador.auepnlaeoTilrsatahtdwtiwodstariiomtsiuIotneoltndotalorgilnregcpjtouoiriroolKydbuo.iliutetlcotmosMnrifdtaabefntynihsyd'diWfcaouloicrms.novudeniaf.lsiratMlleiyomstnhhienr,eanadnllaicien"eiddr- . NO RESPIRATORY PROTECTION would catch cold and would come near to Several specific instances are known where developing into pneumonia. personnel should have worn protective equip During the time this particular process ment and did not although it was available was being developed, operators got used to 'and the specific personnel were familiar the chlorine type odor. At this same time ing a respirator and a lifeline he saw that a In four cases in which only slight expo-, rj with use. For the most part these instances the self-contained breathing apparatus was ladder and hose pipe had been lowered into sure to chorine gas occurred, the effects; j involved professional grade personnel of the not (he popular item it is today. A chemical the unsteamed tank and that the laborer had were stated to have been aggravated by the jj' "difficult personality" category engaged in cartridge respirator was what they gener unaccountably entered without a lifeline or respirator. After shouting for help he at tempted to enter the tank, at the bottom of which there was about 12 inches of liquid, but was forced to come out because of the existence of a previous chest condition. One of these cases was a plant operator who inhaled a whiff of chlorine when adding hydrochloric acid to a reaction vessel under negative pressure, after having put in a Jj'Research and Development. Injuries were in all of these cases from volatile vesicants, and though injuries were serious enough to J have resulted in lost time, there was, in !' fact, no lost time. ! ally carried draped about tbeir neck. Prob ably many times the trouble was located and the mask removed after the contami nated area was under control without the operators' having an exposure. fumes. During the rescue operations a fireman, who in his hurry entered the tank without a mask, was gassed, as was the ambulance room attendant who had donned a fresh-air mask and a lifeline but dislodged his face mask while in die tanks and lost conscious slurry of sodium chlorite. The doctor who treated him in hospital considered that the inhalation of a smalt amount of chlorine had "triggered off" an acute attack in a man subject to asthma. A process operator, aged 32, whose expo sure to chlorine from a leak in a plant for : In one instance the employed was con vinced to use recommended safety proce dures by a combination of greatly increased supervisory pressure and alarmist industrial hygiene propaganda. In another instance such stresses produced no apparent effect. A number of times though, the capacity of the cartridge was unknowingly depleted by prior uses. Then again, the general con tamination would instill in (he operator the idea that his mask was O.K. when it re illy wasn't. The operator would (hen [! I. his trip hcyinl limits at d I..--. - ness. The laborer was given artificial respi the chlorination of dimcthylacctal was slight, RESPIRATORY PROBLEMS To sum up the n an | > e i ration and oxygen but failed to recover. suffered from cough, breathlessness and pain We have had people injured while they a. would nol Itivw l'->- :i The other fatal case was a benzol house in the chest. The chest physician, who were wearing respiratory equipment and his mask because lie as cimi.il'.y attendaint agedu 4m7/, whoo was f>ouuun..ud lying found a lesion in the left upper zone and also we have them injured by not wearing conditioned to the contaminant. prone and unconscious on the floor, winch was saturated with benzol. He was im mediately d'ragged' .`into th' e open air and artificial respiration was started at once, (Ids kept him under observation at rest at home them even though they were'available. Some to assess the activity of the tuberculosis of the latter are the "Smoke Eater" type lesion, thought the infection was a factor who think they can get along without the greater than chlorine exposure in this case || stand-by equipment. b. would not know the remaining capa city of the mask. c. would realize that the mask was not being continued with the aid of a rocking stretcher, oxygen also being given. Despite this treatment, he was found to be dead on arrival in hospital. A night watchman, aged 58, said to haw had a previous chest condition, suffered from a sensation of choking, cough and respiratory tightness following a slight leaf ^ ' A basic problem with any respiratory / protective equipment is knowing the limitai tions of a particular device,'" Actually, the r, popularity of the self-contained breathing working but would remain in the area thinking he could get by or ' hold his breath a moment longer in order to complete the job. When the distillation temperature had been reached it was the attendant's duty to reduce the steam sufficiently to allow distil lation to proceed iinn t>hev n___o__r_m___a_l m___anner. If th* i*s was no`t d1on--e, *t'h--e c--rude mmnoltnorr csnptirrtilt wwovooeuurllfddlowbnoooninl trroaaI pptlhiimldetliyj"IfIloVaoUnrl.id A*.w.f.to.e--ur>ld.th.-.e-e.---v_---ae_-c_-n_c_-;t_i.ud_i_aconll-y, t.hhee pnllaanntt wwaass ffoouunndd ttoo bbee iinn oorrddeerr,, aanndd iitt of chlorine from a control valve. |f apparatus can be attributed to the fact that The second part of the problem refers The fourth case in this group was a fitter, S.ils limitations arc far less than any of to the people that do not use the equipment aged 57, who, with other men was cleanitg , those that depend on chemicals for air that is available. These are the "Smoke acnonata'ir'i-n-ccionogolef-or uprlapn.pt .mftro. mo'f wwchhhliioccrhhin--eso--mwaesw<ule.a--,atvek.t ' purification. In addition, the ; not have to be concerned operator does in knowing Raters" or the ones that think they can -chance it. Even today with the self-con ing. The other men were unaffected by the whether there is sufficient oxygen in the air. ' tained breathing apparatus available, this sm-all amomumnlt wwcahhuoosewwdaasshisssmttiaaattieeteodad otticooofoub*bucgeechhalanocr-hhuioneenceaat,vvi.nyyjubssoumut solkty---he-,-er,,bwefm.-i.clhl.l-.maeiL~dnrl t,'KvY In one particular process we were con frro<mnt*ee"d ww.iitthh aa number of stages in which practice continues. I witnessed ail entry to a contaminated area (FI1 tog). was assumed that the accident was due to the use of too much steam. uunnccoonnsscciioouuss aa*--nndd-ss--uuffvffeerreedd from lachrymatwif *--, --a-n--1t-s -w-crree more r atmosphere Iirn spite or of less open to the a number of spot and cough. ventilators there was a prevalence of This particular entry was made for no 'igood reason at all. Two men were putting their self-contained breathing apparatus on CARBON DISULPHIDE IMPROPER VENTILATION h noxious odors, most free chlorine. and this fellow decided to go in with a Followin'- **- discovery of a leak at , cuuriict arivc furnace u--s--e-dfoi*tbe weoatntion of carbon bisulphide, r: `"V tedded Hint breathing npimra!he "T. .s' ry while repairs were Us nv"eu':'AAsAlnisnc.e.lkllaa*wbb!oo;..!,rr.aafrttooo3rr-^nyyrmItilileioittAxeeft.cctwwuuhhaoorinnnevrr,iiUkccooviiaapswwrfnneaanht_ssVwwy_wd'aabb1*ir_'ssneeo_"dii.cnnLccohgglilweclnoaa.rdriniminociHn-ngsiWweJ*1I^rM1Vvl?h;msi'wzin.cCn.ccm.ehlfao.oovrr-a-i.dirn-nn-eecdniftissniiissntetloooccxxxoooiioidcnncuossuitsiiryydd..eearrcnee.hiEdddwavreteahhhnnceeetrryeeessrmmui.ssffaatoouil.lctlrraslaaliiymmttssrcaooauutmmhunnseiittiiessr handkerchief over his nose. It turned mil that the men wearing self-contained breath ing apparatus made the necessary emergency shutdown, ventilators soon decontaminated Die area, ami normal entry could be made. 31 ( 1957 National Safety Congress 0003G1 - Wl SOAP DUST Our operation is essentially a soap manu facturing plant and the air in our factory is frequently contaminated with soap dust from detergents and dust arising from fine woodflour and cornmcal. We issue our em ployees a dust mask (not Bureau of Mines approved).The filter element consists of a honey comb construction of whipped foam latex. This device does a modest job of fillerm*.; however, we have never been completdy; satisfied. Despite the fact that we hate; issued masks to all personnel about half of our personnel prefer to use an otdiltttj, handkerchief wrapped about their face; which appears to do a satisfactory }oiti: without the unpleasantness of the ' OUTLINE FOR SELECTING RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE DEVICES LABORATORY AND PLANT SAFETY -at (A Symposium) LABORATORY BARRICADING OF HIGH PRESSURE AND EXTRA HAZARDOUS REACTIONS by GODFREY J. MOLL chemical engineer, CIBA Pharmaceutical Products, Inc., Summit, N. J. St1fcontilnd Host mask fareathini with apparatus biowar Safety engineers are often called on to sndate or approve plans for laboratories which high pressure or extra hazardous `mis will be safely operated. In these _ is the protective shield or barricade is Jenly fixed piece of safety equipment ith will remain operable 100 per cent of retime. Equipment, instrumentation, and !tty devices are all apt to fail at any time rdless of maintenance and inspection, judgement of the best-trained operating igwsonnel need only be wrong once. The jbrricade may be considered as the primary .ftfetjr device. % High, pressure and extra hazardous re- "ttch projects are being carried out in 'fielded laboratories in many univerand at some industrial research centers e United States. Workers at these initions will point with pride at their perttfety record, but tomorrow might yield .first and last accident The manageof CIBA Pharmaceutical Products Inc (Summit, N. J., has recognized the risk ~Vrd in not barricading high pressure fens. ; high pressure laboratory was' con* in a built-up area presenting "tHe of not only protecting the opentfjtig'. I but also the personnel of adjacent i from the effects of missiles and waves. A suitable barricade was coiiInected of 16-inch reinforced concrete wjth Itfkctor wall of similar construction eijght 1 ` from the frangible wall. Further pro- )0 was provided by hanging one-half wire rope blast mats between the buildand the reflector wall, which woqhl pwje on the ballistic pendulum theory in IlMaiir missiles and dissipating shock This is but one approach to the of barricading. The question often arises as to what should be considered hazardous enough to warrant Che expense of barricading. Some authors feel that when equipment is in stalled to handle inflammable materials at pressures greater than SCO psi the use of some form of barricade should Ik consid ered. When research at high gas pressures or work on known explosives is conducted the protection of personnel and other facili ties with an adequate barricade must he considered. In small-scale flow experiments where, the amount of material in process is small, it is common to use pressures as high as several thousand ikmiihIs without special Icirricndcs. Once it has been decided to build a barri cade there are still many questions to he answered. The two most important as far as the barricade is concerned arc the mate rials of construction and their thickness. MUST KNOW MISSILE If wc knew the velocity, weight and shape of the missile and the maximum force expected from an explosion, wc could de sign a barricade using a minimum wall thickness. Barricades must be designed to prevent penetration by large missiles at lotv velocity, such as reactor heads, and also small missiles at high velocity, such as tub ing, nuts or other small fittings, l'onclratibji is dependent upon the velocity ol the missile at impact, the physical properties o( the missile, and the characteristic of the material used to construct the barrier. Tlte speed of sound has been suggested as a velocity, as most objects when pro|Kl)ed through air decrease in velocity to the s|Kcd of sound. If missiles of higher velocity arc expected, the modified 1'clry equation for penetration can slill he us"'1 lo calculate a 1957 National Safety Congress -*< PUBLISH CASE HISTORIES Still another letter recommended publish ing actual case histories of the misuse of toxic chemicals and their results. Since the same toxic chemicals arc used in many laboratories or pilot plants, it would no doubt be worthwhile to make available in formation of this kind. Setting up a toxicology chart was another idea received. This chart could contain columns giving the name of the toxic material, maximum allowable concentration, appearance, the type of operation where this material would be used, how it is absorbed by the body, the symptorps, first aid and lbt,| safe way to use the chetrilcal." ^ These are all good ideas but your com mittee on Toxic Chemicals needs more faformation both on an expansion of the pre ceding ideas listed as well as new otto.' It is the responsibility and moral obliga tion of each of us to do what we can ti further the cause of safe practices Whidi will prevent suffering and the loss of hums life. Please send your ideas on the use of toxic chemicals to R. V. Montellqj- Re-, search Division, National Cash Register, Company, Dayton 9, Ohio.A Poisoning (Home and Farm), M] Gleason, R. E. Gossclin, H. H<j The Williams & Wilkins Co., 1957 Accidental Poisoning in Childhood, Edw. Press, American Academy of Pediatrics, 1801 IJinman Ave., Evans ton, III. RA 1216-A52, 1956. Toxic Solvents, Dr. Ethel Browning, Edw. Arnold & Co., London. RA 1270, S6II8, 1953. Handbook of Poisons, Dr. Roticrt II. Dreisbach, Lange Medical Publication, Los Altos, Calif. RA 1211-D7, 1955. -18. Poisons--Their Isolation and Identifi cations, Frank Bamford, The Blnkiston Co., Philadelphia. RA 1211-B23, 1951. A BIBLIOGRAPHY OF TOXIC CHEMICALS Prepared by: Toxic Chemicals Committee, Laboratory and Pilot Plant Group, Chemical Section of the National Safety Council Manufacturing Chemists' Assoc. Cheini- ral Safety Data Sheets (covering about 70 chemicals) complete list of publica tions available from Manufacturing Chemists' Assoc., Inc., 1625 Eye St., N. W., Washington 6, D. C (Refer also to Warning Labels Manual, Man ual L-l) | This compilation of references on toxic chemicals is made possible through the coop eration of the following committee members: John E. Fox, safety director of the Mon santo Chemical co., Texas City, Tex.; Robert A. Quisno, president. Hill Top Re search Institute, Inc., Miamiville, Ohio and Ralph V. Montello, head, materials dept., Research Div., National Cash Register Co., Dayton, Ohio. Assistance was also given by J. II. Black, department of health, education, and welfare; A. If. Christian, American Viscose Corp.; If. H. Fawcett, General Electric Co.; and J. N. Romine, Phillips Petroleum Co. The scope of this work is aimed at pre senting a list of references on the toxic chemicals usefid to members of the chemical . industry. It covers books and periodicals. BOOKS 1. Toxicology and Hygiene of Industrial Solvents. Lehmann and Flury, The Williams & Wilkins Co. 2. The Symptoms and Treatment of Acute Poisoning. G. If. W. Lucas, Toronto, Clarke, Irwin & Co., Ltd., 1952. t Emergency Toxicology, Sidney Kaye, Charles C. Thomas, r 'isher, 1954. 4. Accident Prevention Manual for f*-| dustrial Operations, 3rd Edition, Nr-J tional Safety Council, 1955. 5. Dangerous Properties of Industria) lerials, by Sax, 1957. (This book isI the latest work by Sax and follows bbl National Safely Council Industrial Data Sheets (covering about 40 chemi cals) complete list available from Na tional Safety Council, 425 N. Michigan Ave, Chicago II, Illinois. Chemical Safety| Supervision, by J. Handbook of Dangerous Materials.)' f Guelich, 221 pages. Reinhold Pub. 6. Encyclopedia of Chemical Technotefff Corp, New York, 1956, $4.50. New York, Intcrscicncc, 1947. v. 12 Modern Occupational Medicine,' by 7. Manufacturing Chemists Assochtiot! Safety in the chemical laboratory. New Fleming, D'Alonzo and Zapp, 414 pages, Lea & Fcbigcr, Philadelphia, 1954. . York, Vail Noslrand, 1954. Poisoning, by W. F. von Oettingcn, 8. Pieters,. Honore A. Safely in Ifaj chemical laboratory. London, Butter worth, 1951. 9. National Safety Council. Supervisee safely manual. Chicago, 1956. 524 pages, Paul B. Hocber, Inc, De partment of Harper & Bros, New York 16, N. Y. '24. Industrial Hygiene Sr Toxicology, in two volumes, by F. A. Patty, 1138 pages, Intcrscience Publishers, Inc, 10. Association of British Chemical Mai* New York, 1949. ' facturers. Safety rules for use * chemical works. London, 1952. . 25. Industrial Toxicology, by Hamilton & Hardy, second edition, 574 pages. Paid 11. Macfarlanc, Donald I. Safety in Mis- B. Hocber, Inc, Harper & Bros, New try; and introduction to the protectm V York, 1949. of personnel. New York, Philosophkslj Library, 1955. ! 26. Industrial Toxicology, by Fairhall, 483 pages, Williams & Wilkins Co, Balti 12. Blake, R. P., cd. Industrial safety, U more, 1949. ed. New York, Prentice-Hall, 1953. Toxic Eye Hazards, Pub. No. 494, 101 13. The Merck Index of Chemicals ed pages, The National Society for the Drugs, Merck & Co., Inc., 1952. '' 44 0003 G,^ i i , Chemical Industries s 'Prevention of Brmdiwjg&jlnc, 1790 -Broadway, New York 19,^Nj Y, $1.00. 28. Clinical Toxicology, by Thicncs ami Haley, 457 pages, Lea & Fcbigcr, Philadelphia, 1955. 29. Handbook of Toxicology, Vol. 1, Edi ted by W. S. Spcctor, 408 pages, W. B. Saunders Co, Philadelphia, 1956. 30. Toxicity of Industrial Organic Sol vents, by E. Browning, 411 pages, I'r vised American Edition, 1953, Clicmii .il Publishing Co, New York 10, N. Y. 31. Assoc. Brit. Chem. Mfgrs. Safety rules for use in chemical works. Pt. I-- Model rules, 3rd ed, 1947. Pt. 2--De tailed instructions, 1950. 32. Atomic Energy Commission. Effects of atomic iveapons. Combat Force Press, 1950. 33. Blout, E. R. Monomers. Intcrscience, 1951. . 34. Browning, E. Toxic solvents. E. Arn old & Co, London, 1953. 35. Elkins, H. B. Chemistry of industrial toxicology. Wiley, 1950. 36. Grelich, J. Chemical safely supervi sion. Rciuhold, 1956. 37. Hamilton, A. Industrial poisons in Ih United States. Macmillan, 1929. 38. Henderson, Y. & Haggard, If. W. Noxious gases, 2nd ed. Rcinhold, 1943. 39. Jacobs, M. B. Analytical chemistry of industrial poisons, hazards and solvents, 2nd cd. Intcrscience, 1950. 40. Johnstone, R. T. Occupational diseases. Saundcr, 1942. 41. Johnstone, R. T. OccuPtilional medicine and industrial hygiene. C. V. Moshy Co, 1948. 42. Lchmaun, K. B. & Flury, R. Toxi cology and hygiene of industrial sol vents. 43j j McNally, W. D. Toxicology--Indus trial Medise. 'Industrial Medicine, Chicago, 1937. 44. Manufacturing '~hcmists' Assoc. Gen eral safety guide for safety in the chemical laboratory. Van Nostrand, 1954. 45. Sax, N. -I. Handbook of dangerous materials. Reiuhold, 1951. 45 V 1957 National Safely Congress 46. Von Ocllingcn, W. F. Halogenalcd hydrocarboits, loxicily and potential dangers. U. S. Public Health Service, Pub. No. 414, 1955. 47. Bjorksten Research Laboratories. Health hazards (of polyesters) Pages 247-52, 558-61, in book "Polyesters and their applications" Reinhold, 1956. 48. Williams, J. L. & K. J. Cleereman. Physiological properties of polystyrene. Page 491 in Chapt. 10 of book "Styrene, its polymers, copolymers and deriviatives," ed. by R. H. Boundy & R. F. Boyer. Reinhold, 1952. PERIODICALS 1. Gleason, Marion N. Clinical toxicology of commercial products, Furns and MacEachern, 1957. 2. Dreisbach, Robert H. Handbook of poisons. Lange, 1955. 3. Decomposition products introduce haz ard to health. H. H. Schrenk. Ind. & Eng. Cliem. 47: sup 87A-8-A, Dec. 1955. 4. Increased industrial use of zirconium has stimulated studies to evaluate health hazard. Ind. & Eng. Cliem. 46: supp 99A-IOOA+, Dec. 1954. I 5. Criteria for. the diagnosis of occttpational illness. R. A. Kehoe Ind. Med. 24:427-42, Oct. 1955. 6. Hazardous exposure to some so-called safe solvents. J. P. I luges. Nat. Safe. News 70:50, Dec. 1954. 7. Evaluation of' loxicily. R. S. Ingals. bibliog. Sewage & Ind. Wastes 27:26-33, Jan. 1955. 8. Bronchial asthma and asthmatic bron chitis in the chemical industry. R. . Lerner. Ind. Med. 24:454-8, Oct. 1955. 9. Mellan, Ibert and Mcllan, Eleanor. Dictionary of poisons. New York, Philosophical Library, 1956. 10. Health and safely problems increase as commercial production and industrial applications of hydrazine increase. II. H. Schrenk. Ind. & Eng. Cliem. 46: sup 93A-95A, Aug. 1954. 11. Communications lines and problems of a toxicology laboratory working for ' " ' '"'Vth, Jr. A.M.A. A' ,. wealth 15 : 269-73. April, 1957. 0003G3 12. Physically toxic chemicals and indus trial hygiene. J. C. McGowan..A.M.A Archives Ind. Health 11:315-23, April, 1955. 13. Power engineering handbook; tnaximnm allowable concentrations of toxic vapors and gases. J. D. Constance. Power Eng. 60:122, March, 1956. 27 Studies on the loxicily and ski of compounds used in the rti plastics industries; acceleralqmfgffP` valors, and antioxidants. F. S. Mallctle and E. von Haam. A.M.A. Archives Ind. Hygiene and Occup. Med. 5:3I1-17, April 1952. CheS >m ical Industries linpublished papcr,_"Rdspiratory Pro tection," by H. Hi'Jj&wcctl, presented to Greater New Yoi.Shfcly Congress, March 21, 1957. 41. Investigation of Accident Involving Titanium and Red Fuming Nitric Acid, 14. Annals of medicine; case of carbon tetrachloride poisoning. B. Roueche. New Yorker. 31:35-6, Feb. 26, 1955. 15. Engineering phases of plants health control. W. A. Cook. Chcm. & Eng. News. 29:1517-18, April 16, 1951. 16. Field of chemical hygiene. H. F. Smyth, Jr., Chem. & Eng. News. 29:1196-7, March 26, 1951. 28. Toxic metals cause new industrial disease problems. W. Schweishcimer. Iron Age. 168:159-60, Dec. 6, 1951. 29. Toxicity of ethylene dibromide deter mined on experimental animals. V. K. Rowe Sc others. A.M.A. Archives Ind. Hygiene & Occup. Med. 6:158-73, August 1952. .30. Toxicological study of some polypro Dec. 29, 1953, Information Circular 7711, U. S. Bureau of Mines, 4800 Forbes Street, Pittsburgh 13, Pa. (March 1955); see also Injury and Death from Red Fuming Nitric Acid, by A. J. McAdams, Jr. and S. Krop, J.A.M.A. 158, 1022-1024 (July 23, 1955): and Nitrogen Dioxide, Hy gienic Guides available at 25c from American Industrial Hygiene Assoc., 17. How to get rid of toxic industrial wastes. Eng. News., 146:300-1, Jl. 14, 1951. 18. Medical aspects of the industrial hy giene program. J. H. Sterner. Chem. A Eng. News. 29:1399-401, April 9, 1951 pylene glycols. C B. Shaffer and others. A.M.A. Archives Ind. Hy giene St Occup. Med. 3:448:53, May 1951. 31. Amyl acetate; hazards and precautions; data sheet. Nat. Safety News 68:30-1+-, August 1953. 14125 Prevost, Detroit 27, Michigan. 42, 1,t,t-Trichloroelhane, Hygienic Guide, available at 25c from American In dustrial Hygiene Assoc., 14125 Prevost, Detroit 27, Michigan; see also Nat. Safety Council Safely Data Sheet, 1,1,1-Trichloroethanr, available May 1. 19. Prevention of accidents when handling chemicals. R. Windcrlich. J. Chem. Edtic. 27:670-3, Dec. 1950. 20. Sulfuric acid; hazards and precautions; data sheet. Nat. Safety N. 63:39-40+, May 1951. 21. Toxic effects of exposure to vapors of aliphates amines. H. Briegcr 8r W. A. Hades. A.M.A. Archives Ind Hygiene and Occnp. Med. 3:287-91, March 1951. 22. Toxic substances; their properties, tf feds, and controls. Management thlJ sheets. Factory Management, 108:1% 138, 140, Dec. 1950. 109:142, 144, Jan. 1951. 23. How to control hazardous substation G. A. Sherman. Safety Maint. 8c Prod 103:62-4, June 1952. 24 Maximum allowable concentrations. H. II. Schrenk. Ind. & Eng. Chem. 4J:| sup 105A-106A+-, Dec. 1951. 25. Organic polyphosphates; safe mamal 32. Chemical hazards in glass and ceramic i957 from Nat. Safety Council, 425 industries. J. A. Houghton. Glass Ind. W. Michigan Avenue, Chicago II, llli- 34:369-371, July 1953. nis. . 33. Experience accumulated in three years 43. Hazards of Isocyanates in Polyure of an occupational medical clinic. H. L. Hardy. Ind. Med. 21:424-6. Sept. 1952. thane Foam Plastic Production, by I. A. Zapp, A.M.A. Archives of Indus -34. Health; more care ii needed. G. G. Carr. Iron Age. 170:21-2, Dec. 25, 1952. S 35. Hour safe are safety solventsf M. Z. Poliakoff. Nat. Safely News. 67:28-9+-, Feb. 1953. : 36. Studies in the toxicity and skin effects trial Health, 15, 324-330, April 1957. 44. The Mean Amines, by P. J. Bailey, National Safety News, 74, p. 61, Nov. 1956. 45. Dry Ice (CO>), Chemical Safely Data Sheet, National Safety Council, 425 N. Michigan Avenue, Chicago II, Illinois. 46. Accident Prevention in Cl'ildhoo-- of compounds used in the rubber and The Kerosene Hazard, by Hugh A. plastics industries. F. S. Mallcttc 8c E. Carithcrs, J.A.M.A. 159, 109-111, Sc|.t. von Haam. A.M.A. Archives Ind. 10, 1955. 37. Med. 8c Occup. Med. 5:311-17; 6:231-42, April, Sept. 1952. - Xylene and toluene; hazards and pre- > 47. . Let's Slop Killing and Crippling Our Children, by H. F. Diclrich, Ladies' Home Journal, LXXH, No. 9. p. 84. cautions; data sheet. Nat. Safety News. AS Sept, 1955. 68:38-9+, August 1953. , Public Health Aspects af Poisoning, 38. Current method of determining safety 0 by 'E. Press, J.A.M.A. 163, 1330-2; in the application of new chemicals. 1 IImo Toxic Is Ilf, by R. E. Gossclin, of handling them. Nat. Safety Nem T. W. Nalc. Ind. Med. 20:501-6, Nov. J.A.M.A., 163, 1333-7; Practical Man 64:124-6, Dec. 1951. 1951. . agement of Common Poisoning, by J. 26. Safe handling of hazardous materkh 39. Toxicity and Health Hazards of Boron L. B. Johnson and R. D. Lawrence Hydrides, by E. H. Krackow, A.M.A. . J IMill and Factory. 50:134-8, Maidj 1952. Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Occupational Medicine, 8, 335-339, Oct. 1953. M. Arena, J.A.M.A., 163, 1341-3; Manufacturer Looks at Child Poison ing. by J. H. Foulger, J.A.M.A. 163, 49. 1344-7, April 13, 1957. Operational Memoranda on Economic * Poison, by Tech Dcvcl, L RC PO ( l A r I?- 0003G4 Chemical Industries 57 Notional Safety Congress 769, Savannah, Ga., Revised April 1, 19S6. Industrial Hygiene Digest, Monthly, published by Industrial Hygiene Foun dation, 4400 Filth Ave., Pittsburgh 13, Pa. il. A.M.A. Arch, of Industrial Health, monthly, published by The American Medical Assoc., 535 N. Dearborn St., Chicago 10, Illinois. 52. American Industrial Hygiene Assoc., Quarterly, published by the A.I.H.A., Howard N. Schulz, Editor, 605 N. Michigan Ave., Chicago 11, Illinois. 53. | Bulletin of Hygiene Reprints, Monthly, Bureau of Hygiene & Tropical Dis eases, Keppel St., Gower Street, W.C. [! refs. Reinforced Plastics Diy, SPI 78. MacDougall, J.D.B. TIHSf studies I.t - on silicone ' rubbers aMfStto-imb*- Confer. 1951, Sect. 16. stances. Nature 172, 1 M^ra^dirV10. I64. Coleman, E. H. & C A. Thomas Products of combustion of chlorinated plastics. J. Appl. Chem. 4, 379-83 . (1954). . . j 65. Crauch, A. G. Toxicity of some of the newer plastics. Ind. Med. IS, 168-70 t .79. McKinley, G Scott. Practical experi ences with dangers and illnesses from u plastics. Ind. Med. 16, 432-4 (1947). 'i- 80. McKinley, C. Scott. Practical precau tions with plastics. Occupational Haz (1946). 66. Erwin, J. R. Fiherglas plastics. Indus- , ards 10, No. 3, 14, 38 (1948). trial medical aspects and experiences. '< I . 81. Mallete, F. S. tc E. von Haam. Toxi Ind. Med. 16, 439-41 (1947). ! ;V 1 :**. city and skin effects of compounds 67. Goss, A. E, & A. M. Ross. Effective used in the rubber and plastics indus control of lead dust in manufacture of ?; vinyl plastics. ASME Paper #52, -, A-159 meeting, Nov., Dec. 1952. 84 tries. 1. Accelerators. 2. Plasticizers. 3. Carcinogenicity of carbon black ex tracts. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. J, 311-17 (1952); 6, 231-42 (1953). 68. Grimaldi, J. V. Hazards of synthetic plastics. Mech. Eng. 72, 987-9 (1950). ' Morris, G. E Condensation plastics: in evaluating health hazards of food - packaging materials. Ind. Eng. Cliem. 47, sup. 95-6/ ((pct., 1955). 96. Schrenk,- ILjiijDecomposition prod ucts introduce hazards to health (Teflon) Ind. Eng.- Cliem. 47, Sup. 87-8A (Dec., 1955). 97. Schrenk, H. H. Isocyanate toxicology. Ind. Eng. Chem. 47 sup. 107-8A (June, 1955). 98. Schrenk, H. H. Toxicology of syn thetic resins. Ind. Eng. Cliem. 48, sup. 103-4A (April, 1956). 99. Schwartz, L. How to guard against dermatitis. Plastics (Chicago) 3, No. 5, 48-52, 80-4 (1945). 100. Sherwood, R. J. Title unknown--on toxicity of ICI's Fluon, a polylelra- 1, London, England. Special Hazards Bulletins of the Assoc. Casualty and Surety Companies, 60 John St., Hew York 38, N. Y. Survey of Compounds Which Have Been Tested for Carcinogenic Activity, 2nd Ed., by ). L. Hartwell, 583 pages, Public Health Service Pub., No. 149, 1951, U.S.G.P.O., Washington, D. C, 69. Kaskie, J. C. Toxicity of 2-ethylhexyl diphenyl phosphate; studies of the ex- ' traction of Santicieer 141 from poly vinyl chloride films by foodstuffs under various conditions of storage. Arch Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 8, 281-3 (Sept, 1953). 70. Lehman, A. J. & W. L. Patterson. FDA acceptance criteria: determining their dermatological and chemical as pects. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 5, 37-43 (1952). < Morris, G. E Synthetic rubbers. Their chemistry dermatological aspects. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 8, 540-6 (1953). 84. Morris, G. E. Vinyl Plastics. Their dermatological aspects. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 8, 535-9 (1953). fiuoroethylene. Trans. Assoc. Ind. Med. Off. 5, 10 (1955). 101. Snell, Foster D. What arc the hazards of new materials (melamines) Foster Dee Snell Bull., 1946. 102. Sundcrman, F.W. & H.B. Hoag. Irri tating and sensitizing effects of two polymeric plasticisers. Arch. Ind. Hyg. Med. 9, 210-11 (March 1954). $4.25. 56. Data Sheets on Toxic Chemicals issued safety of chemicals used in food pack aging materials. Mod. Packaging 28, 85., 86., 87.--omitted. 103. Swenson, A., ct al. Title unknown--on Oser, B. L. Evaluating safety of toxicology of isocyanles used in lac by American Industrial Hygiene 115-20 (1955). ' chemicals in packaging materials, Bib- quers. Brit. J. Ind. Med. 12, 60 (1955). Assoc., 14125 Prevost, Detroit 27, Michigan. ', 57.| Toxicological Reviews of the Ameri can Petroleum Institute, Dept, of Safety, 50 W.. 50th St., New York City, N. Y. ' 58.| American Petroleum Institute. API 71. Lehman, A. J., et al. Procedures lor the appraisal of the toxicity of chemi-5 cals in food, drugs and cosmetics. Food, Drug, Cosmetic J. 10, 679 (Oct., 1955). ' 72. Lehman, A. J. Title Unknown-onf safety in food packaging. Assoc. Food? & Drug Off., U. S. Quart. Bull. 19, 87: liog. Food Eng. 27, 57-9 (April, 1955). |V. 89. Penn. Dept. Labor &! Industry. Safe px guarding of health in; the plastics induslry. Safe Practice Bull. No. 88, Jan., 1942. i Penn. Dept. Labor & Industry. Safety in the manufacture and application of 104. White, R. B. Dust irritation problems in fabricating reinforced plactics. Mod. Plastics 32, 129, 227 (Nov., 1954). 105. Wilson, R.H. & W.E McCormick. t Toxicology of plastic components and solvents. Ind. Med. & Surgery 23, 479-86 (Nov., 1954). toxicological reviews. 1st series, 1948; 2nd series, 1953. 63 reviews. 59. Amer. Cyanamid. Co. Toxicology of ' acrylonitrile, August 1954. 60. Anon. Barrier greases protect workers; deimatiles from synthetic glues and resins. Cliem. Age. 73, 739-40, October 1955. 61. Baxail, L. C. Biology of plastics. SPE Journal 9, #1, 14-5, 1953. 62. Berger, L. B., et al. Toxicity and flame resistance of thermo-setting plastics, U. S. Bur. Mines, Rept. Invest. 4134,- Ort't- 63. B> sider*!' forced industrial hygiene con in manufacture of rein tiles (polyesters) 9pp, 17 (1955). . 73. Lieber, E. E Dermatitis--an industrial problem. Brit. Plastics 28, 428 (Oct,'; 1955). 74. Little, G. E. Formaldehyde in derm-' litis attributable to synthetic resin - glues. Brit. Select Govt Res. Reptit V. 7--Adhesives, 1950. i 75. Looser & Bommann. Biological effect!.' of monomeric styrene. Fette, Seifa, Austrichmittle 58, (3), 181 (1956). 76. Luvoni, R. Dermatitis from phend-f cresolic resins. Ross. med. ind. 22J 333-6 (1953). .< 77. McCormick, W. E. Industrial healthy problems in the rubber industry, fan- Ind, Hyg, Quart. IS, 37-51 (1952). .5 acrylic plastics. Safe practice Bull. 95, May, 1942. \ if 9i. Plastics Materials Mfg. Assoc. Contact 106. Wilson, R.H. & W.E McCormick. Title unknown--a compilation of toxi cological information on some of the dermatitis from synthetic resin more important materials used in plas shies. 1945. .' tic manufacture. Summarizes data from ir'92. Pokrovskii, V. A. Professional hazards 78 published reports. Ind. Med. & in the production of synthetic rubber Sujrg. 24, 491 (1955). (in Russian). Gigicna i, Sanit, 1953, No. 9, 17-23. r Rogers, J. C. Industrial hygiene prob lems in the field of plastics. Arch. Ind. fcr Health 12, 749-1 (Oct., 1955). &94. Salvini, M. Occupational sickness in P7- Aitq|n. Safe containers hold organics ,rh for irradiation--Nucleonics 14, 54 (Aug., 1956). 108. AEC. Control of radiation hazards in the Atomic Energy Program, July, 1950. manufactures of phenolic resins. Folia '95. Med. (Naples) 36, 691-9 (1953). Schrcnk, H. H. Basic considerations 109. Graham, R. G. Industrial atom, AEC experimental program on reactor safety. TID-8009, Feb., 1956. 49 (i r 157 National Safety Congress . 0003K5 10. Nat. Acad, Sci. Biological effects of atomic radiation. A report to the pub lic, 1956. !|. Nat. Acad. Sri. Biological effects of atomic radiation. Summary report, 1956. 125. Canada Dept, of Health. Ni(rout,((ume poisoning, 1941 RL Pit. 126. Carpenter, C. P., et al. Inhalation of I,3-butadience; a comparison of its narcotic effects with that of bensene, toluene and styrene by human subjects. dichlornclhylene poisoning. Art Ilyg. Occup. Med. 10, 130-3 MO. McCarroll, C. F. Hazard of mercury vapor in analytical petroleum labora tories. Bnr. Mines Kept. Invest. 3475 (1939). Chemical Industries 152. Spencer, II C.. ft al. iResponse of lalioralort' animals to monomeric tiy rene. J. Ind. Hyg. T6r. 21, 295-301 (1942). 153. Von Octlingcr, W. F., et al. 2-ehlora- 12. Spiers, F. W. Radiation hazards in the J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 26, 69-78 (1944). 141. Mallctlc, F. S. Industrial hygiene in butadiene (chluroprcnc) : its toxicity scientific and industrial use of atomic energj. Chem. & Ind. 1955, 1447 (Nov. 5). 13. Nat. Bur. Stand. Maximum permis sible amounts of radioisotopes in the human body and maximum permissible concentrations in air and water. NBS Hdbk. 52, March, 1953. 127. Carpenter, C. P., et al. Toxicity and synthetic rubber manufacture. Ind. and hazards of dibutyl kentone vapors. Med. 12, 495-9 (1943). Arch. Ind. Hyg. Occup. Med. 8, 377-81 (1953). 142 Monsanto, Org. Div. Toxicology and dermatology of pentachlorophenol and 128. Cellulose Plastics Mfgrs. Assoc. Safe sodium pcntachlorphenatc, 1942. guarding pyroxyline plastic. Jan., 1937. M. Morgis, G. G., et al. Review of litera 129. Ctimenko, D. R., et al. Leucotoxic ae ture on health hazards of beryllium and tion of benxol. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 24, its compounds. Bur. Mines Rept. and pathology and the mechanism of its action. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 18, 240-70 (1936). 154. Beilis, M. P. Hazardous chemicals. Alpha Chi Sigma 40, 3-16 (Oct., 1949). 155. Brit Dept. Sci. & Ind. Res. Methods for detection of toxic gases in industry. 156. Foulger, J. H., Toxic vapors and gases. 14. Lehman, A. J. Some toxicological rea sons why certain chemicals may or may not be permitted as food additives. Assoc, Food Drug Off. Bull. 14, 82-98 (July, 1950). 15. Mackenzie, E. F. W. Elfccts of alkathene upon water quality. J. Inst. Water Engineers 5, 596-605 (1951). 289-92 (1942). . Invest. 7574. (1950). 130. Davenport, S. J., et al. Review of 44. Pozzani, U. C., et al. Subacute vapor 1fluorine and its compounds in the min i toxicity and range-finding data for ing allied industries. Bur. Mines Circ. ethyl acrylate. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 31, 7687, 1954. 311-26 (1949). ; 131. Deichmann, W. Toxicity of methyl, |4S. Public Health Service. 1. Method for ethyl and n-bulyl methacrylate. J. Ind. t quantitating neuromuscular irritability. Hyg. Tox. 23, 343-51 (1941). The effect of certain drugs on the J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 18, 604-8 (1936). 157. Industrial Hygiene Foundation. Tran sactions of the Chemical Toxicological and Engineering Conference, 1952. 158. Labor Stand. Bur. Discussion of in dustrial accidents and diseases. 1936 Convention of International Assoc. Industrial Accident Boards and Com 16. Mfg. Chem. Assoc. Chemicals in foods. 132. Downing, J. G., et al. Dermatitis from Symposium held in New York City, casheto nut shell oil. J. Ind. Hvg. Tox. neuromuscular apparatus. 2. Pharma missions. Bull. 10 (1937). cologic action of some alchotic phos 159. McLean, I). D Dust ronlml in m4i- 1952. 17. Nat. Res. Council, Food & Nutrition Bd. Use of chemical additives in foods. Dec., 1951. , 22, 169-74 (1940). ' phoric esters. Nat. Health Scrv. Bull. 133. Dudley, H. acrylonitrile C., et (vinyl al. Toxicology of cyanide). 1. Study |46. 165 (1936). Public Health Service. Study of of the acute toxicity; 2. Study of [ chronic mcrcurialism in the hatters' try. Canada. N'l', 'IIS llipt (1950). ' 160. Monsanto, Org. Div., Res. Library. Toxicological Research. News & Notes, 18. Sale, J. W. Regulatory problems in the food flavoring industry. Assoc. Food elfccts of daily inhalation. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 21, 27-36, 255-8 (1942). fur-cutting industry. Pub. Health Serv. No. 36 (Dec., 1953). Bull. 234 (1937). ,| 161. Navy Dept. Industrial poisons and dan Drug Off. U. S,'Quart. Bull. 17, #4-- . (Oct., 1953). |9. Nat. Soc. Prevention of Blindness. Industrial first aid in chemical injuries 134. Elkins, H. B., et al. Determination of atmospheric contominants. 1. Organic halogen compounds. J. Ind. Ilyg. Tox. 19, 474-85 (1937). Rowe, V. K., et al. Determination of monomeric styrene in air. J. Ihd. Hyg. Tox. 25, 348-53 (1943). j Rowe, V. K., et al. Results of toxi gerous substances. General Safely Rules, Sect. 4, 1931. 162. Public Health Scrv. Occupational and related dermatoses, abstracts from the of the eye. Pub. 419, 1944. 135. Fribcrg, L., et al. Toxicilics of tri cological studies on some commercial literature July 1943--Dec. 1953. PBS 20. Adams, E. M. et al. Acute vapor toxi city of allyl chloride. J. Ind. Hyg. 22, chloroethylene and lelrachloroelhylent silicones. Dow Client. Co., 1948. and Fujiwara's pyridine-alkali reaction 1. Sayers, R. R, et al. Hazard of hydro Bull. No. 12, 1954, by D. J. Birming ham, et al. 79-86 (1940). 21.-Anon. Safe . spraying practice. Org. Finishing 6, #1, 25-32; #2 24-28, 47; #3, 23-7 (Jan.-March. 1945). for trichloroacetic acid. Acta Pliann. gen fluoride poisoning in the material Tox. 9, 303 (1953). and allied industries. Bur. Mines Rept. 136. Gadberry, H. M. When you use or- Invest. 7311 (1945). ganie solvents. Nat. Safety News 1951, 1. Schrcnk, II. H. Toxicity of oxides of 163. Stewart, W. R. Gases in wartime plants. Safety Eng. 86, No. 4, 48, 50-2 ! (1943). 164. Anon. Prevention of atmospheric and 22. Barnes, EL C., et al. Determination of formaldehyde in air. J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 24, 10-17 (1942). 23. Blank, I, et al. Studies of organic fluorine compounds. IV. Synthesis of esters of fluorooxaloaritic and of fluoroPyruvic acid. 1. Chem. Soc. 1955, 2190. 24-5, 68-9 (December). nitrogen and hydrogen peroxide. Ind. 137. Hendry, J. A., et al. Cytotoxic agents Eng. Client. 47, sup. 93A (Feb., 1955). I. Methylolamindes with tumor inhibi I. Smyth, II. F., et al. Some pharma Itary activity and related inactive cow pounds. Brit J. Pharmacology 6, 201-31 (1951). 138. Kosak, A. I. Chemistry of cigarelk cological properties of polyethylene glycols of high molecular weight (car- Itowax compounds) J. Ind. Hyg. Tox. 24, 281-4 (1942). smoke and its relation to lung cancer water pollution in the chemical indus try. Chem. &Iml. 1955, 1363. 165. Hoakj R. Dl J Theory and practice in streajn pollution control. Sci. Monthly 75, No. 3, Sept., 1952. 166. Stnirmand, C. F., et al. Role of the cyclone in reducing atmospheric pollu tion. Chem. & Ind. 1955, I324.A 24. Bourne, T. B tn.t.iria| hazard of dichlor .avoro 43, 259-60 Trans. N. Y. Acad. Sci. Scr. Ifo | 585 (May, 1952). (1952). 139. McBirney, R. S. Trichloroethylene i '! & % r Ai 1957 National Safely Congress out that liquid oxygen is commonly re ferred to as LOX in the Missile and Rocket Industry. The oxygen manufac turers were not aware of this practice blit felt that it should be discouraged because for many years the term LOX has stood for liquid oxygen explosives in which liquid oxygen is only a part. Also, tanks, sold under such trade names as LOX and LOXETTE, may he used for the storage and handling of many iiquefied gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, etc. At that meeting the group suggested that the secretary of the International Acety lene Assn, lake steps to discourage this usage. The secretary of the IAA wrote several letters to principals of the Rocket and Missile Industry. A safety engineer in the Air Force read the minutes of last year's meeting in the Chemical Section Safety Newsletter and contacted the IAA. Through his efforts, the Air Force has taken steps to discontinue the use of the term LOX. -This was reported it October 1957 issue of Missiles and / cts in an article entitled "Liquid 0 Replaces LOX Abbreviation in U- The Air Force is undertaking this lion to prevent dangerous and pc;: disastrous results of the use of the? LOX for liquid oxygen. The term will be deleted front all USAF t~ orders and contracts including fication to the Department of that it also take steps to abolish of the term LOX. .y A member of the group reported had received a full tank car of L compressed in long tubes manifold gcthcr. In attempting to open the ; ^ outlet valve, they twisted the stemj^ He wanted to know how to release, pressure. It was the group's recom:: tion that the gas supplier be contai any case where the valve is found! inoperative, whether it be on a tan or individual cylinder.^. 1 0003G0 KERS OF THE \ CHEMICAL SECTION * NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 '1 Chairman--CARROLL A. HERERT, Ethyl rorp., Baton Rouge, La. 7hsirman in Charge of Program--R. L. ALLIN SON, The Dow Chemical co., Texas Freeport, Tex. -A. B. RITTER, Hercules Powder co., Wilmington, Del. 'Iter Committee: E. G. MEITER, Chairman, Employers' Mutuals of Wausau, Mil- `ee, Wis.; A. H. CHRISTIAN, American Viscose corp., Philadelphia, Pa.j J. T. -OLlNGER, Nitrogen Div., Allied Chemical & Dye corp., Hopewell, Va.; FRED RENTZ, Hoffman-Laroche, Inc., Nutley, N. J. 1 'ng Committee: H. F. REINIIARD, Chairman, Union Carbide and Carbon corp., York, N. Y.; F. C. GAUGUSII, Sherwin-Williams co., Chicago. III.; D. F. . -YES, U. S. Atomic Energy Commission, Washington, D. C.; PAUL C. LAMB, Brothers Company, New York, N. Y. Relations Committee: R. G. WIIEELDON, Chairman, The Drackclt co., CincinOhio; ALDO P. OSTI, Chas. Pfizer & co., Inc., Brooklyn, N. Y. "`Sheet and Instruction Card Committee: H. H. FAWCETT, Chairman, General "trie co, Schenectady, N. Y.; D. W. GIBSON, Columbia-Southern Chemical Cor poration, Barberton, Ohio; J. N. ROMINE, Phillips Research Center, Phillips I'ctroi co, Bartlesville, Okla. Ik Committee: J. B. BLACK, Chairman, National Institutes of Health, Washington, D/C.; T. W. NALE, M.D., Union Carbide ft Carbon corp. New York, N. Y.; H. W. P, JR, The Travelers Insurance co, Hartford, Conn.; J. A.' HOUGHTON, y Mutual Insurance co, Boston, Mass. skip Committee: J. J. PRABULOS, Chairman, National Distillers Products corp, York, N. Y. end Visual Aids Committee: G. R. CUMMINGS, Chairman, Eli Lilly ft co, dkmapolis, Ind.; A. L. KLfNG, American Cyanamid co. New York, N. Y.; E. /NER, The Chemstrand Corp, Pensacola, Fla. it* and Contest Committee: M. A. SNELL, Chairman, Hartford Accident and indemnity co, Hartford, Conn.; T. J. LANIGAN, General Electric co, Syracuse, N. Y. -the-Job Committee: E. R. WALLACE, Chairman, ICasIman Kodak co, Rochester, , Y.; G. G. FLEMING, Cclanese Corporation of America, Charlotte, N. C. ting Committee for 1958-1959: J. J. WHALEN, Oiairman, Solvay Process div. Chemical & Dye corp, Solvay, N. Y.; S. F. SPENCE, American Cyanamid co, 'ew York, N. Y.; G. L. GORBELL, Monsanto Chemical co, St. Louis, Mo. . _ Committee: R. H. ALB1SSER,,Merck fell co, Inc, Railway, N. J.; ALLEN L. COBB, Eastman Kodak co, Rochester, ,Jd. Y.; J. J. DUGGAN, Carbide ft Carbon Chem icals co. South Charleston, W. Va.; G. L. GORBELL, Monsanto Chemical co, St. -is. Mo.; S. M. MacCUTCHEON, The Dow Chemical co. Midland, Mich.; E. J. MEYERS, E. I. DuPont de Nemours ft co, Inc, Wilmington, Del.; S. F. SPF.NCF, erican Cyanamid co. New York, N.`Y.; R. C. STRATTON, The Travelers Insur, co, Hartford, Conn.; JOHN J. WHALEN, Solvay Process div. Allied Chemical .Dye Corp, Solvay, N. Y. '.Representative--EDWIN L. ALPAUGII, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. * 59 I ( WIN-. ERS OF THE r ' COAL MINING SI 0003G? NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman Emeritus--CHARLES FERGUSON, United Mine Workers of America, `^"glon, D. C Chairman--GEORGE SAMBROOK, U. S. Steel Corporation, Coal Div., PillsPa. ' e-Chairman--L. H. JOHNSON, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. Vice-Chairman--JOSHUA SMITH, Eastern Gas and Fuel Associate, Mt. Hope, 'a. .1 H. F. WEAVER, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, I). C. *presentathre--CHARLES FERGUSON, United Mine Workers of America, WashD. C.; M. F. BRENNAN, United Mine Workers of America, District No. 7, iton, Pa. i JAMES LEEBER, JR., United Mine Workers of America, District '29, Beckley, W. Va. Coal Representatives--J. W. PERO, Pocaltonlas Fuel Company, Pocnlionlas, t; C E LINKOUS, Island Creek Coal Co., Holden, W. Va.; M. K. PRUNTY, iJrlehem Mines corp., Jenkins, Ky.; WAYNE SNELL, U. S. Steel corporation, Coal Pittsburgh, Pa.; R. L. HAIR, Colorado Fuel and Iron, Pueblo, Colo.; FRANK LISEK, Freeman Coal corp., Benton. III.; GEORGE STACIIURA, Old Ben Coal West Frankfort, III.; E. E QUENN, Peabody Call co., St. Louis, Missouri. ~`e Representatives--GEORGE CLARK, Reading Anthracite co., Pottsville, 1 a.; RLES KACZINSKI, United Mine Workers of America, District No. 1, Wilkes , Pa.; W. W. EVERETT, Glen Alden corp., Wilkes-Barre, Pa. "^Associations' Representatives--J. B. BENSON, Southern Coal Producers' AssociaWashington, D, C.; HARRY GANDY, JU., National final Association, WnsliD. C.; FORD SAMPSON, Ohio Coal Association, St. Clairsvillc, Ohio; &ORGE TREVORROW, Bituminous Coal Operators' Association, Washington, ,,C,i GEORGE COLVILLE JR., Jewel Mining Company, Paris, Ark. Bureau of Mines Representatives--M. F ANKBNY, U. S. Bureat: of Mines, WashJ " D. C; JAMES WESTFIELD, U- S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. .V'Inspectors' Institute of America Representative--R. D. BRADFORD, U. S. Bureau Mines, McAlcster, Okla. Mint Inspectors' Representatives--H. J. DUSZ, Ohio Division of Mines, Cohmdius, '.j CRAWFORD WILSON, West Virginia Department of Mines, Charleston, 41 L I. 8:)C000 Mfe.. 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Ill *BUOafJ *`03 JOJ3EJX JE||ldia)E3 `JS^BUEIU UOI)OIUOjd S3|ES *IW--uouuim/j-331^ I x 'N ,JlJOA MaN `anpe8B^ )U3uidnibg ij spotpajq *JO|ipa *Z333d 'X A3N3H"WUI,U.I0,/J -niumutoj Xl'miqnj .9 1udjBojj xax *se||eq `Xuuy 5 f| *S13DU|2UJJ jo dJ03 ipnog `ipuEjq X)ajBS 'jaup 'SNI313 'S WVS--umiumi/j nujuuuoj ja/ja/xmayy xax `sellB(I `'oa uoi)3ni)suo3 5 *)iopisajd -ys '333003.0 'd 303030--'uohuidi/j >nwauoj 6miomiuojq napiEjq `-oa uo|)anj)suo3 jdiu^ `iiiapisaad `>I7JNIZ 'N '3--tuo/ttsty HI *03U3ll|3 * 03 Xl|EllSB3 |BO)n(\[ ' Ajp 8iiijaaui3ua ij |E3iui|aa) jo iojasjip `3HOOW '3 133Q03-- ' 'in `Buoaj *'03 jo)3bjx JE||idja)E3 `jaScuEiu **1* `XOO M 'M--(u}*!a!(I li13^S) !oW '^ID SBS1IB>I `301130U M ii(7 Ompjtng >uto}j) i'xax `upsny ` 03 ippunqj qj quejj quapisaid *333(1 XNV33 Cwoisioi(j Smpjmg) : uiiijq `sjiodusimijq `-oa uoi)3iu)suo3 qjEj P `N0S13VD N0ai3HS--('"'JWff ^mujBjpi) :-xax'`!>spi|3 snd403 3H1 *)uapjS34d 'NOXSaiOO W tK~(uomata ri,\ i 1 ojj *X)|3 sesuejj *'03 uoi) otiussEjq `inapisaid-aaiA *||j `Ny^WSSYW f A3N31I--"OT`K:oV0 3*- j! uuipj `si|odeauuiji( *-03 'soag `Xpjes 7g aDiiEJnsu; jo jopijjp 'SNIMMVH '0 HVmiAi--uouutvqj jojuuq 8S-ZS6L IIDNOOD A13JVS 1VNOIIVN NOI1D3S NOIlDOyiSNOD 3H1 JO SH3DIJJ0 |rrai'.iH0 and Publications Committee: K. STAN AT, Chairman, safely director, Magm. J, OFFICERS OF THE ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Inc, Duller, Pa.; J. R, DAVIS, chief of plant protection, The Hallicrafters co, Chi cago, 111.; L. J. LACKNER, director of personnel St safely, While Sewing Machine co, Cleveland, Ohio; C. LANG, supervisor of safety, Westinghouse Electric corp. Meter Div, Newark, N. J.; J. V. BEECHER, chairman, Industrial Relations Staff, Stromberg-Carlson Co, Div. of General Dynamics Corp, Rochester, N. Y. |Counselors and Association Committee: Past Chairmen--J. M. TRANSUE, Chairman, Security director, Philco corp, Philadelphia, Pa.; M. L. MILLER, supervisor of safety, General Chairman--E. E.GEBHART, supervisor of safety, Frigidaire Div, General 'Westinghouse Electric corp, Pittshurgh, Pa.; E. K. TAYLOR, safety director,Zenith Motors corp, Dayton, Ohio. ft . Radio corp, Chicago, III.; If. B. DUFFUS, administrator, accident prevention, Wesl- Jj ft :inghouse Electric corp, Piltslmrgh, Pa.; C. F. SCHLUETER, accident prevention Secretary--G. W. KOCH, supervisor of bfety, Western Electric co, Kearney Worb* Employers Mutual of Wausau, Wausau, Wis.; M. F. BIANCARD1, manager, Kearney, N. J. If ;Safety Services dept, Allis-CItalmers Mfg. co, Milwaukee, Wis.; C N. FOGG, safety SCtla,,ff R,,ep. resen..ta.tive-pPaAhU.L 1E7. cSuHcEDPPDAiRoDn, mNat.ionail cSarfe.ly rC-ounc-ili, iC~ihicago, ilnit 1.di^rec,tor,WSoiomdpPhleeaxdWciore, &ChCicaabgloe, cIoI,I.C; aJm. bJr.idgLeA,WMLaEssR.;,J.dAiv.isEioDnMsOafNeDtySe,nvgicinee-eprr.esRidaednito, Vice-Chairman for Electronics Division--PRANK J. STORMER, Mgr, Safely tc PtoT`,bc div- Sylvania Electric Products Inc, Emporium, Pa. Protection, Hotpoint Co, Chicago, III. Pice-Chairman for Heavy Apparatus Division--E. J. TURTON, supervisor of safe) Westinghouse corp, Buffalo, N. Y. i Pice-Chairman for Light Apparatus Division--E. L. GERDING, Leeds & Northrupo Philadelphia, Pa. ' .fr Pice-Chairman for Electrical Wire and Cable Division--H. E. YOUNG, safety direitorj Rome Cable Co, Rome, N. Y. ^etvsletter Committee: J. J. MARINER (Chairman), safety director, Federal Telepl & Radio co, Clifton, N. J.; M. I. GJERDE, senior engineer, American Mutual Liabili Ins. co, Hackensack, N. J.; F. G. COFFEY, safety director, I.T.E. Circuit Brei co, Philadelphia, Pa.; M. M. RHULAND, safety director, Landers, Frary 8c New Britain, Conn.; R. P. SNYDER, safety engineer, Sylvania Electric Products In Altoona, Pa. I'- Research and Engineering Committee: W. F. McCHESNEY, Chairman, safely director, Airborne Computer Laboratory, International Business Machines corp. Vestal, N. Y. M. E. KULBERG, division safety engineer, Sylvania Electric Products Inc, Wo Mass.; C. A. SLAUGHTER, suiiervisor, Plant Protection 8c Safety, Jack 8c H Inc, Cleveland, Ohio; W. G. MOORHEAD, Administrator, Safety 8c Health Deft.] Aircraft-Marine Products, Harrisburg, Pa.; C. II. BOWLIN, safety director, Aiuu Wire 8c Cable co, Anderson, lud.; F. G. PERKGOY, supervisor of safety, Air Div,, Westinghouse Electric corp, Baltimore, Md. Program Committee: R. B. MARSHALL, Chairman, safely director, Traitmohile, iW,' Cincinnati, Ohio; G. MacDONALD, Self Insurers Services, Inc, Chicago, III.; S.J.1 CURTIS, safety director. Burroughs Corp, Detroit, Mich.; R. A. WRIGHT, marattof Safety 8c Security Dept, Farnsworth Electronics co. Fort Wayne, lud.; R. I,. BART LETT, supervisor of safely, Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co, Pittsburgh, Pa. Membership Committee: G. R. SMITH, Chairman, safety director, Champion Works, Lynn, Mas.; H. J. JENNINGS, supervisor of safety. General Electric t Lynn, Mass.; E. T. SCHRECK. safety director, Sunbeam corp,'Chicago, III.;] LEONARD, safety engineer, Simplex Wire 8t Cable co, Cambridge, Mass.; R. FERRARI, sales manager- 8c engineer, Excel Electric Service co, Chicago, III. . 42 i 0003(>\<) r ri;a*r* OFFICERS OF THE , PUBLIC UTILITIES SECTION ^* NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 i } firr-OimViiiiin--Special Projects--}. M. FALLS, assistant to manager of industriali rcta- lions, Northern Indiana Public Service co., Hammond, lud.; CHARLES SCHWEICK- .ART, safety director, Hoosier Engineering co., Columbus, Ohio. } xalion and Training Committee f**Srmn--ERROLL DUNBAR, safely engineer, Potomac Electric Power co., Wash.tngton, D. C. General Chairman--}. E. APPEL, safely engineer, Cojnmonwealth Edison co., Chicago, 1 Vice-Chairman--E. M. CHASE, safety director, Central Vermont Public Service co Rutland, Vt. j Second Vice-Chairman--R. S. LOWE, plant training & safety supervisor, Norlhwesl Bell Telephone co., Omaha, Neb. Secretary--R. E. McELDOWNEY, JR., safety director, United Fuel Gas co., Chark W. Va. Program Committee Chairman--L. CLANCY NANRY, director of safety, The Detroit Edison co., Detn Mich. Vice-Chairman--Electric--M. M. MEHRING, safety supervisor, Consumers Public Per District, Columbus, Neb. Vice-Chairman--Gas--F. P. MUELLER, assistant director of safety, The Peoples 1 - Light and Coke co., Chicago, III. Vice-Chairman--Posters--F. D. NORBERG, safety director, Utah Power & Light co., ; 'Salt Lake City, Utah; M. J. BENDEKOVIC, manager of safely claims. Public Service |n of Colorado, Denver, Colo.; J. B. SCHEERER, supervisor, inspections, safety dc- irlment, Philadelphia Electric co., Philadelphia, Pa. r Chairman--Visual Aids--H. C. l'OTTHAST, supervising instructor, Wisconsin ilRurat Electric, job training & safety, Menomonie, Wis.; C. H. GUM, safety supervisor, |lCty of Jacksonville Utilities, Jacksonville, Fla.; K. G. CREGAR, safety director, ((Metropolitan Edison co., Reading, Pa. tige-Chairman--Training Plans--A. B. LARSEN, supervisor, construction training, Com)jmonwealth Edison co., Chicago, III.; W. L. CLIFTON, technical assistant, accident [/prevention div., The Hydro-Electric Power Comm, of Ontario, Toronto, Canada; J. G. i CDALTON, general safety engineer, Southern Bell Telephone & Telegraph co., Atlanta, [ ;Ga.; HERBERT HOLMES, safely director, Michigan Wisconsin Pi|*c Line co., |{Detroit, Mich.; R. N. PAPICH, safety consultant,-American Gas Assn., New York, N. Y.; C. E. H AMMON, safety director, Columbus & Southern Ohio Electric co., jColumbus, Ohio, iv- . Committee Vice-Chairman--Water--W. R. LaDUE, superintendent & chief engineer city of Akrq Bureau of Water, Akron, Ohio. Vice-Chairman--Communications--SAMUEL McKAY, JR., area safety supervisor, Bell Telephone co. of Penna., Philadelphia, Pa. Engineering Committee Chairman--V. L. WOMELDORFF, safety director, Illinois Power co., Decatur, IH.J (htirman--T. F. WICKFOKD, safety sii|crvisor. Commonwealth Kdismi n, llmjgn. Ill Vice-Chairman--Public Relations--R. R. CONN, supervisor of training tc safety. Power -.Station Department, Duquesnc Light co., Pittsburgh, Pa. ^Ice-Chairman--Newsletter--PAUL WINDSOR, safety director, Bureau of Safety, Inc., P:Chicago, III.; R. M. CLARK, safety director, Atlantic City Electric co., Atlantic City, JiN. J.; J. G. LAMBERT, safety supervisor, Northern Illinois Gas co., Wheaton, 111.; 'A. B. SHEHEE, safety engineer, R. E. A, Electric Engineering div., U. S. Department Agriculture, Washington, D C. Vice-Chairman--Electric--W. F. BACHMAN, safety director, Omaha Public Pi District, Omaha, Neb.; ROY BEITH, manager & secretary-treasurer, Electrical ployers assn., Toronto, Canada; I. L. RIPLEY, director of safety, Central Mii Power co., Augusta, Maine; D. B. MOORE, safety director, Duke Power co. lolte, N. C Mslics & Contests Committee an--C. A. FISCHBACK, safety supervisor, Soutj (Angeles, Calif. California Edison co,, Los Vice-Chairman--Gas--W. J. EASTON, director of accident prevention, The Cincinn Vice-Chairman--D. E. HUSK, safety director, (New Jcl wer & Light co., Dover, Gas & Electric co., Cincinnati, Ohio; R. G. CLAAR, safety director, The Ohio Faf; N. J.; J. W. GRONBECK, safety manager, New Electric System, Boston, Gas co., Columbus, Ohio; E. D. JONES, safety director, City Utilities of Spring .Mass. Missouri, Springfield, Mo.; W. D. COLLINS, safety director, Rockland Light St Pow] co., Boston, Mass. 1J Vt tmbershif' Committee Vice-Chairman--Water--T. F. ALLEN, safely engineer, Department of Water & Chairman--S. T. ROBESON, safety siqiervisor, Car Commissioner's Office, City of Chicago, Chicago, 111.; V. A. APPLEYARD, chief yjjarboro, N. C. water operations, City of Philadelphia, Water Department, Philadelphia, Pa.; 0. 000'370 n'cJcphqnc & Telegraph co., BROCKWAY, safety inspector, Board of Water Commissioners, Denver, Color] Vice-Chairman--H. W. MASTERS, safely director, Asflifoilh'TTee Expert co. & Utilities', Vice-Chairman--Communications--N. W. TEMPLE, plant safety supervisor, Pacific' phone Sc Telegraph co., Seattle, Wash.; JOHN BIRD, administrative supervisor,' Western Union Telegraph co., New York, N. Y. kjane Const, co., Inc., Jcnkinlown, I'a.; J. E HICKMAN, safety engineer, Los Angeles>. h Department of Water & Power, Los Angeles, Calif.; J. R. HEIM, safety director, ,i Mommgahela Power co., Fairmont, W. Va.; E. B. BELL, assistant safety director. The [i Ohio Power co., Canton, Ohio. - 44 45 OFFICERS OF THE FARM SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Vice President for Farms--KIRK FOX, editor, Successful Farming, Des Moines, lows. Chairman--A. J. SCHWANTES, agricultural .engineering dept., University of Minnesota St. Paul, Minn. 11 Vice-Chairman--EDWARD HOLTER, lecturer, National Grange, Washington, D. G ' RICHIE, vice president & director of purchases, The Oliver corp., Chicago, III.; Lv.i ROGERS, Automotive Safety Foundation, Washington, D. C.; MARTIN RONNING, Minneapolis-Moline co., Minneapolis. Minn.; LOUISE ROSENFELD. assistant director home economics, Cooperative Extension Work, Ames, Iowa; G G. SCRUGGS, Progres sive Farmer, Dallas, Tex.; CHARLES SHUMAN. American Farm Bureau Federation. Chicago, III.; DR. W. T. SPANTON, Federal Security Administration, U. S. Office of Education, Washington, D. C.; ARTHUR STAPEL, Fox Valley Cooperative, Inc. Appleton, Wis.; OTTO STEFFEY, president, Illinois Agricultural assn., Chicago, III.; RANDALL C. | SWANSON, farm safety specialist, College of Agriculture, Madison, Wis.; E. W. I'TANQUARY, International Harvester co., Chicago. III.; F. R. WILLSEY, farm safely t. specialist, Dept of Agricultural Eng. Ext, Purdue University, Lafayette, Ind.; W. B. |- WOOD, director, Extension Service, College of Agriculture, Ohio State University, f Columbus, Ohio; CARLTON ZINK, products research dept.; Deere & co., Moline, III. Secretary--MAYNARD H. COE, director, Farm division, National Safety CouncS, Chicago, III. Members: EDWARD S. ADAMS, ^director of safety, Iowa Farm Bureau Federation, Dri Moines, Iowa; MRS. VERNE ALDEN, National Home, Wellsville, Kan.; MRS. ALMER ARMSTRONG, Indiana Farm Bureau Cooperative assn., Indianapolis, Ind.; CLYDE N. BERRY, associate director, Institute of Agricultural Medicine, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; THEO BROWN, Moline, III.; HARRY BRYSON, American Farm Bureau Federation, Chicago; III.; GRAHAM T. COULTE Kraft Foods co., Chicago, III.; JOHN F. DANEKE, General Motors corp., Detn Mich.; MISS GERTRUDE DIEKEN, The Farm Journal, Philadelphia, Pa.; DON ALD H. DUNHAM, manager, Retirement Saf. & Ins. dept., Nat'l. Rural Electric Coop. Assn., Washington, D. C.; JOHN M. EKLUND, director of education, Na-' tionai Farmers Union, Denver, Colo.; h Jf r T. A. ERICKSON, St. Paul, Minn.; C. M. FERGUSON, administrator, Extension Serv ice, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.; MRS. HOMER GREENE, htilth & safety chairman. National Home Demonstration Council, Tutwiler, Miss.; MISS EUNICE HEYWOOD, assistant director, div. home economic programs, Federal Exten sion Service, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.; C. N. HINKLE, Standard Oil co. (Indiana), Chicago, III.; ROBERT HOWEY, National Vo.-Ag. Teachers assn, Sycamore, 111.; MISS AMY KELLY, College of Agriculture, University of Missouri, Columbia, Mo.; MRS. DORSEY KIRK, Illinois State Grange, Oblong, III.; KEITH KIRKPATRICK, Radio Station WHO, Des Moines, Iowa; EDWARD R. KLAMM, Allstate Insurance co., Skokie, III.; V. li. V t. I G C. LANG, Extension Service, U. S. Dept, of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.; S. E LARSEN, Michigan Farm Equipment assn., Grand Rapids, Mich.; E. W. LEHMANN, prof. Emeritus, Urbana, III.; S. P. LYLE, Extension Service, U. S. Dept, of Agricul ture, Washington, D. C. EARL MERRILL, Republic Steel corp., Cleveland, Ohio; DONALD L. MILLER, National Agricultural Chcms. assn. Washington, D. C; PAUL MULLIKEN, National Retail Farm Equipment assn., St. Louis, Ma; HERSCHEL NEWSOM, The National Grange, Washington, D. C.; G. L. NOBLE National Comm, on Boys & Girls Cluh Work, Chicago, III.; V. S. PETERSON, E L Du Pont De Nemours, Ames, Iowa; HARRY PONTIOUS, Nationwide Insurance co, Columbus, Ohio; . HARRY L. POWELL, Goodyear Tire & Rubber co., Milwaukee, Wis.; FRANK REYN OLDS, manager, Agricultural Extension, U. S. Steel corp,, Pittsburgh, Pa,; L, P. -M ' iv- 000371 ` yfWT:*?*" * i :' S*v**i(, ___ . . ,*t\ - OFFICERS OF THE FERTILIZER SECTION Members-at-Large S. COTTRELL, director of Operations, Olin-Malhicson Chemical Corp, Little Rock, Ark. EARL DAY, president, Ark-Mo Plant Food Co, Inc, Corning. Ark. NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 MIKE C. ELLISON, safety director, Mississippi Chemical Co, Yazoo City, Miss. ROD MARTINET, vice president, E. Ranh A Sons, Indianapolis, Ind. GRAYSON B. MORRIS, assistant production manager, Southern States Cooperative, Richmond, Va. General Chairman--GEORGE F. DIETZ, safety director, Fertilizer Manufacturing Co operative, Inc., Baltimore, Md. I! .. Pice-Chairman--GEORGE L. PELTON, personnel manager, Tile Smith Agricultural Chemical Co., Columbus, Ohio. Secretary--ELMER PERRINE, technical representative, Nitrogen Div, Allied Chemical Sc Dye Corp., New York, N. Y. Engineering Committee Chairman--A. II. PETTIT, director, Industrial Health 81 Safety, W. R. Grace & Co.. New York, N. Y. GORDON W. PITTOCK, works manager, William Stone Sons, Ltd, Ingersoll, Ont, Canada. ' HARWOOD T. R1CF, safety director, Southwest Potash Corp, Carlsliad, N. M. YEN SHEN, Taiwan Fertilizer Co, Ltd, Taipei, Teivan, China. . W. A. STONE, plant manager, Wilson At Toomer Fertilizer. Co, Jacksonville, Fla. J. R. TERRY, personnel safety engineer, Davison Chemical Corp, Div. of W. R. Grace St Co, Barlow, Fla. A. A. WAUGH, safety engineer, International Minerals At Chemical Corp, Bartow, Fia. M. F. WHARTON, treasurer, Arizona Fertilizer Inc, Phoenix, Ariz. . ROY WHITER Lion Oil Co, El Dorado, Ark. f C. K. BRUTCHER, superintendent, Davison Chemical Co, Div. of W. R. Grace St Co, New Albany, Ind. . Engineering Sub-Committees-- Statistical and Contest Chairman--F. WAYNE HIGH, manager of Operations, The Baugh Chemical Co., Baltimore, Md. Data Sheet Chairman--JOHN S. MARK, production manager. Farm Bureau Co-op Association, Columbus, Ohio. - STRATTON McCARGO, personnel supervisor, G.L.F. Soil Building Service, Terrace Hill, Ithaca, N. Y. R. A. FISCHER, general manager, Milford Fertilizer Co, Milford, Del. FRIZZELL, vice president, The Triangle Co, Salinas, Calif. ROGER HUGG, personnel supervisor, International Minerals & Chemical Corp, Chi cago, III, j N. NICHOLS, Nichols Fertilizer At Clicmical Co, Oklahoma City, Okla. Public Relations Chairman--J. LAUREN SHOPEN, safely director. Consumer Co-op ; B. A. SCIILAGENHAUFF, supervisor. Fire Protection At Safely, Brea Chemicals .! Inc, Brea, Calif. Association, Kansas City, Mo. ' .I Membership and By-Laws Chairman--C. S. GRIFFITH, superintendent, Virginia Carolina Chemical Corp., Cincinnati, Ohio. Pisnal Aid Committee Chairman--O. E. PERRY, superintendent, C. O. Smith Guano Co, Moultrie, Ga. * QUENTiN S. LEE, The Cotton Producers Assn, Atlanta, Ga. EDWARD J. LARGENT, M.D, assistant professor, Ohio Stale University, Columbus, Ohio. ; f` A. 1. RANEY, safety director, Phillips Chemical Co, Bartlesville, Okla. ga,TMER T. NEWMAN, manager, Insurance Dept, Smilh-Oouglass Co, Inc, Nor folk, Va. Honorary Members Insurance and Legislative Committee Chairman--E. O. BURROUGHS, JR., manager, Insurance Dept., F. S. Royster Guano Co, Norfolk, Va. SIDNEY II. BIKRLY, general manager, California Fertilizer Assn, San Marino, Calif. PAUL T. TRUITT, executive vice president, National Plant Food Institute, Wasliiugton, D. C. HENNING WALrERSDORPII, Magnolia Fertilizer Co,'Seattle, Wash. Research Committee Chairman--JOHN E. SMITH, safely director, Spencer Chemical Co, Pittsburg, Kan. , Nominating Committee Chairman--E. O. BURROUGHS, JR, manager. Insurance Dept, F. S. Royster Guano Co, Norfolk, Va. '. Staff Representative rJ. C. KATO, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. 00037 Supervisory Training Committee Chairman--W. C. CREEL, safety director, State of North Carina, Dept, of Labor, Rnlcigh, N. C. BtSl >?'Srr - - p'l :. " 22 L'Sfci*-. ,c. 1957 National Safety Congress namely, area safety efforts. However this gap is easily dosed in an effective manner by the individual safely activities of com mittee members in their own areas of juris diction. They can hold brief scheduled periodic employee safely meetings, provide lor limited area safety inspections and con duct other safety activities as the nature of their accident prevention problems dictate. AREA SAFETy ACTIVITIES j] Now let's see if this Organization and Program satisfies the five requirements men tioned in the beginning of my talk. Management motivation to support safety: The Accident Review committee keeps him informed of the costs of accidents and of its effect upon his merchandising activities; the Methods Correction Committee secs to it that lie knows about the serious hazards that exist, and, finally, he too is subjected to the constant safety propaganda pre pared by tbe Educational Group. 58 Authoritative .direction is ini the selection of a junior ex' serve as head of the safety where in cooperation with the director and the store engines service manager he can wieW safety influence, on a planned r A definite program is assured creation of the three sub-cor each charged with an important lion which lies well within their peteiKC and the scope of their store activities. Specific responsibilities aitfr characterizes each of the sub-c outline!) for us completely. | Effective safety coinmuntca'' can readily see that effective communication is fully provided the operation of a sub-committee whole function is one of comtr.L. with employees at all levels, at all and through a great variety of FICERS OF THE FOOD SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 j / Chairman--STANLEY \V. PARSONS, general safety director, Carnation co., Angeles, Calif. * Vice-Chairman--I. W. SHUTT, safety engineer, Jos. E. Seagram 8: Sons, Inc., tw York, N. Y. Vice-Chairman--GREGG R. MEYERS, director of safety & security, Hlatz Brewco., Milwaukee, Wis. -NORMAN L, HEUER, safely director, Annhciiscr-lhisch, Inc., St. 1-oois, Mo. ` Her Editors--LESLIE J. QUINKER, director of safely, Schcnlcy Distillers, Inc., iville, Ky.; L. H. GRKTZER, director of safety anil preventive maintenance, lill, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn. Director--W. E. LEONARD, JR., vice-president, The Southland rorp., Dallas, -Job Safety Chairman--WILLIAM A. MULVKNNA, safety director, C. Srhmidl '00$, Inc., Philadelphia, Pa. rshifi Chairman--JAMES H. SNYDER, manager, Safely & Plant Protection Dept., iram Walker 81 Sons, Inc., Peoria, 111. `Ik Director--PAUL W. RUSH, M.D., medical director. Corn Products Refining co., , ill. Association Committee: Chairman, J. REDELBERGER, director of safety, Brownan Distillers corp., Louisville, Ky.; Vice-Chairman, EARL F. GOMOLL, safety irisor, Clinton Corn Processing co., Clinton, Iowa. 'Education Committee: Chairman, R. W. BLUNCK, The Quaker Maid Co., Inc., ! York, N. Y.j Vice-Chairman, A. J. DEILE, training director, General Foods co.. Plains, N. Y.; Secretary, JOHN GROFF, safely engineer, American Maize t co., Roby, Ind. ng Committee: Chairman, EDWARD J. STEIN KELLNER, safely director, Schlitz Brewing Co., Milwaukee, Wit.; Vice-Chairman, HARRY WEGKIIOFT, ic service supervisor, Andcrsott, Clayton Cn.. Foods Div, Jacksonville, 'll.; y, JACK CANTRELL, safety .manager. Miller Brewing Co., Milwaukee, Wis. '/Division: Chairman, W. C. MAHLSTEDT, safety engineer. Continental Baking Rye, N. Y.; Vice-Chairman, EDWAR.D Z. BANKA, safely engineer. National co., New York, N. Y.; Secretary, ARTHUR E. MARVIN, safclv director. City. N. Y. ' Vnitioa: Chairman, JOSEPH A. MENENDEZ, safety director, Falstaff Brew- St. Louis, Mo.; Vice-Chairman, THOMAS J. WILKINSON, safety director, ine & Sons, Inc., Newark, N. J.; Secretary, EDWARD J. ZAI1EL, safety ,International Breweries, Inc., Iroquois Div., Buffalo, N. Y. -ft Division: Chairman, WILLIAM G. SMITH, director of safely. Nestle Co., , alien, N. Y.; Vice-Chairman, GLIINN W. RICHARDSON, personnel director, JBros. Chase Candy co., Chicago, III.; Secretary, WARREN G. BINDER"iT, safely director, Pcniek fit Fnrtl, Lid., Inr., Cedar Rapids, low? ' . ' -;r| Dairy Products Division: Chairman, V1 CTOK G. HtNDRIES, malinger, safely Land 'o Lakes Creameries, Inc., Minneapolis, Minn.; Pice-Chairman, PERRY P ELLSWORTH, assistant lo executive director. Milk Industry Foundation,; WtshtngV D. C.; Secretary, ARTHUR S. FOUST, executive secretary--safety, The Borden t Houston, Tex. ( Distillers Division: Chairman, EDWARD BENNETT, Schenley Distillers, Inc., FnflkvJ fort, Ky.; Vice-Chairman, JOSEPH J. PRABULOS, safety director, National IV`S tillers Products corp., New York, N. Y.; Secretary, G. WADE AMOS, super Safety Engineering Dept., Aetna Casualty k Surety co, Louisville, Ky. [OFFICERS OF THE MEAT PACKING, TANNING AND LEATHER PRODUCTS SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 l and I'rocessors Division: Chairman, VICTORlR. JOHNSON,'safety supervisor, _ Products co., Fremont, Mich.; Vice-Chairman! RICHARD CARTWRIGHT, per* director, Haxlon Foods, Inc., Oakfield, N. Y.; Secretary, ROY E. CAMPBELL, safd engineer, Campbell Soup co., Chicago, 111. ' Crain Handling & Processing Division: Chairman, JOHN M. JENSEN, director of nfd Corn Products Refining co., Chicago, III.; Vice-Chairman, J. R. McCANN, fire pre_ lion manager, Ralston Purina co., St. Louis, Mo.; Secretary, GEORGE L. K1TCHE director of safety, F. H. l'cavey k co., Minneapolis, Minn. ) j Industrial Agriculture Division: Chairman, ROBERT P. ALDEN, safely k wage ad istrator, Castle & Cooke, Ltd., Honolulu, Hawaii. -* Executive Advisory Committee: N. K. THIEL, director of safely, Scaliest Soutl Dairies Div., Charlotte, N. C.; NIXON dc TARNOWSKY, safety engineer, F. k M. Schaefer Brewing co., Brooklyn, N. Y.; ROBERT C. LEITNER, super of industrial relations, Libby, McNeill and Libby, Union Stock Yards, Chicago, lljj CLIFFORD P. McBRIDE, personnel manager, l'abst Brewing co., Milwaukee, Wkjj GORDON E. MORRISON, Employee Relations & Safety, Kellogg co., Battle Crei" Mich.; BURTON H. MAY, director of safety k health, Mars, Inc., Chicago, II E. (i. HUTZLEY, senior safely engineer, Campbell Soup co., Camden, N. J.; GEORGi; 11. STEEL, safely director, Ralston Purina co., St. Louis, Mo.; DEAN M. CLAR Grain and Elevator Processing Superintendent, Chicago, III. ^ Staff Representative--RAYMOND C. ELLIS, JR., National Safely Council, Chicago,^ of Chairman--CHARLES H. F.LSBY, Branch Accident Prevention Mgr., Employers iutuais of Wausau, Milwaukee, Wis. [Vice Chairman--R. W. UNWIN, SR., Reliable Packing to., Chicago. III. Vice Chairman--DONALD S. MacKENZIK, American Meal Institute, t hicago. letter editor--HOWARD REIIIIOLTZ, safely director. The Rath Packing Co.. Ifaterloo, Iowa at Newsletter /idiW-CARl. CONKLIN. Whitehall Leather Co.. Whitehall. Mich. Tilery--A. J. D1TTMER, office manager, Gutmann & Company, Chicago, 1(1. ..,r* . _ Wfmbcrship Committee--HOWARD REBHOLZ (Chairman), safely director, The Rath {.'Packing Co., Waterloo, Iowa; CLARE BROMAN, Kagle-Ottawa Leather Co., Grand ||<ven, Midi. |meeting Committee--R. W. UNWIN, SR. (Chairman), Reliable Packing C.n,, [Chicago, III.; ALEX SPINK, safety director. Kiugan Division. Degrade, Food I'rod[aels Corp., Indianapolis, fnd.; MARTIN CERNKT1SCH, safety director, John Morrell lit Co., Ottumwa, Iowa; RALPH K. POM ROY, A. C. Lawrence Leather Co., Peabody, EMass.; PAUL A. PETERSEN, safelv engineer, Zurich. Insurance Co., Chicago, 111.; TMIKE CHOMICKI, safety fk fire chief. Hunter Packing Co., East St. Louis, 111.; [HUBERT L. CLOVER, safety director. International Shoe Co., St. Louis, Mo. Aids Committee--DONALD S. MaeKENZIE (Chairman), American Meal Inst., ftChicago, 111.; N. R. SHERMAN. Cudahy Bros. Co, Cudahy, Wis.; F.. W. SCIIULIS. |Gen. Supt. Office, Swift k Co., U. S. Yards, Chicago, 111.; C. C. CROKER, Wilson *: fCo., Oiicago, III.; JOHN THURMAN, safety director, Oscar Meyer A' Co, Madison, gWis.; ELLIS KLTNls, safety director. Stale k Wetrel, Indianapolis, lud. dlh Committee--l)R. K. I\ KAPOV, (Cliairmnu), medical director. Armour X- Co., hicago, III.; DR. JOSEPH II. SCItlEP, qiitfago. 111. Hicity Committee--(JREGORY PIETRASZEK (Chairman). Icdmical editor, Nalinnttl ; Provisioner, Chicago, III.; LEIF' KRONIN, Tanners' Council of America, New York, E*. Y. V. 0G0;i7J 1 fir gram and Advisory Committee--HOWARD REIIIIOLZ (Chairman), saefl.v director. j[fThe Rath Packing Co, Waterloo, fowa; E. I). PEELER, JR, Mgr. Employee Scrv- | ices, General Shoe Corp, Nashville, Trim.; ALEX SPINK, director of health k safely. _tKitigati Division, llygradc, Poods Products Corp, Indianapolis, Ind.; A. J. DITTMER, Peflice manager, Giitmnun k Co, (.`hicago, III.; JOSEPH POCIIOP, safely director, {John Morrel k Co, Sioux Falls, S. D.; R. A. MARSCIINEK, safety director, Swift jit Co, U. S. Yards, Oiicago. 111.; MARTIN CKRNKTISCH, safeiy director, John ; Uorrell k Co, Ottumwa, Iowa. tV Rtprisenlalivt'-J, C, KATO, Nttliuiinl Safety Uminril, Clticngn II, III, fit OFFICERS OF THE TRADES AND SERVICES SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Keslourant Division: jldwtrman--AL SOMMER, owner-manager, Tlte Sommer Restaurant, Chicago, III. fyke-Chairman--JOHN HARDING. II, vice-president, Harding Restaurants, Chicago, 111. fafewfory--HARVEY KLINGEMAN, owner-manager, Indian Trail Tea Room, Winnclka. ` III LEmulitv Advisory Committee: ' General C/iairmmi-ROGER J. HEAR, safety director. The Kroger co,, Cincinnati, OhiaCto'ma--HARVEY S, SIEGEL, safety supervisor, R. H. Macy co, J?*: ii , N Y : KENNETH A. LANE, director, Employer-Employee Relations dept., American f irst vice Chairman--CHARLES P. KNGLER, asjislmit manager, Loss Prevention jjew York, N. Y.; J. NEIL MOORE, secretary. Greater Gucago Hotel Montgomery Ward & co., Chicago, III. [J 'iBrcAssii., Chicago. 111.; HOWARD C. SEEHAUSEN, executive director, Bowling Pro- Secretary--MAURICE j. MARTEL, director of safety and fire prevention, The Sliemun Mai., prietors Assn, of America, Inc., Chicago, III. Hotel, Chicago, III. * Membership Chairman--ROBERT H. NORMAN, safety manager, ACF-Wrigley Stores, Inc., Detroit, Mich. i Represenfa/iVe--RAYMOND C. ELLIS. JR.. National Safely Council, Chicago, III. Program Chairman--EDWARD KRYSZAK, stair assistant, Loss Prevention dept., Mont gomery Ward & co., Chicago, III. Off-the-Job Safely Chairman--WALTER A. DUDE.K, safety and security director, The j Conrad Hilton Hotel, Chicago, III. Trades and Services Newsletter--Restaurants, Hotels: Co-Editors--MARK DUNLOP, editorial director, National Restaurant Assn., Chicago, III.; JOHN J. RUPPLEY, JR, director of research, National Restaurant Assn., Chicago, III. Hanks, Buildings and Offices Division: Chairman--C. F. SCHAR, superintendent of fire and safely, University of Illinois, Physi cal Plant dept., Chicago, III. , Pice-Chairman--JOHN F. JONES, supervisor of safety and training, Commonwealth j Edison Sc co., Chicago, III. Rood Retailers Division: Chairman--M. G. JACKSON, safety director. J. Wcingartcn, Inc., Houston, Tex. Vice-Chairman--HARRY H. COCHRAN, JR., labor relations-safcty director, Safeway ] Stores, Inc, Los Angeles, Calif. Secretary--ARNOLD R. MELTZER, safety supervisor, Slop Sc Shop, Inc, Boston, Mass j Hotel Division: Chairman-^ROBERT C. NORDHAUSEN, personnel director, Albert Pick Hotels, Chi- 1 cago, HI. Vice-Chairman--HARRY GUSTAFSON, safety director. The Drake, Chicago, III. JSecretary--ROBERT C. PETRIIC, divisional trainer. Hotel div, E. I. du Pont dc Nemomt & co, Inc, Wilmington, Del. .r>; Mercantile and IVnrchousiny Division: Chairman--J. DONALD PRINCE, insurance manager, The Hcclit co, Baltimore, MA ""j Vice-Chairman--WALDO COMINS, safety and fire prevention supervisor, Marshall FfcH,'1 Jt co, Chicago, 111. " Secretary--ALLEN D. WALTERS, secretary, American Warehousemen's Assn, Cliicarv.l HI. 000375 -m ! `.I mi 1957 National Safety Congress rule says not to use air hoses to blow off our clothes, so we put the words air hose on a card. out that this large range of differences true in any group of people tdi any a trait or characteristic. We distributed these 16 cards to the con ferees, and in discussion asked "Who has the card that says "air hosef" when some Wc discussed the people who would likely cause problems, and concluded most problems would come from those body raised his hand, we asked what the either extreme of the range. Then we safety rule was about air hoses. Normally that although every one is different, they came pretty close to the rule, and we are disfihet and similar types of persona"'' discussed each rule and its importance. The conferees brought out many examples of accidents that happened because the rules !1fthaFtivcea*nocfauthsee common types difficulties are: of pen were broken. 1. The fellow who is sloppy LOCKING-OUT RULE Session three was devoted to one of the safety rules: "The zone engineer or engi 2. The tough guy 3. The show off 4. The loud mouth neering supervisor is responsible for prop erly safeguarding against dangerous condi tions developing during the progress of a repair job." The area of safeguarding ma chines from being started when being re paired is potentially very dangerous. In our company some machines are quite large, extending three to five stories high. It would be easy for a worker to start such a machine when someone was working on it, if proper precautions weren't taken. 5. The practical joker The sloppy man is frequently lazy, I things lying around. The lough guy I safety is for sissies. He's the fellow rims the machine with the guard off. much too tough to get hurt I The shorn' is interested in calling attention to hi~ He will take chances to get people to him. The loud mouth attracts attention himself by telling others how to do their' He's the authority on everything. The To drive home the necessity for "locking one, the practical joker can give us a | out" a machine every time it is worked on, rough time. we showed a film, "It's in the Cards," pro duced by the Abititi Paper co. of Canada. In our conferences we asked the conferees to note the behavior of the people to see if they could pick any of the seven types we discussed in session one. _ We concluded the session agreeing that it is important to observe the behavior of our people to prevent accidents. The problem is not how to recognize but how to handle them. The session with a summary of the four sessions the four foundations for good relations, house of safety would have to be built these four foundations: 1. To let each person know how he getting along, supervisors must know accident, hospital, attendance, production fERSONAL TRAITS EMPHASIZED In our last session, we discussed how people are both different and alike. Some times we overlook that people are so dif ferent, one from the other. To demonstrate this the conferees participated in1 a little experiment. We gave them a number and asked them to double the number and then re-double as far as they could go in 60 quality reports with an understa* through observation of the behavior of licoptc. 2. To give credit when due, sup should have an attitude of fairness sincerity. 3. To tell people in advance about thug that will affect them "safety wise" they na^ know the safety rules. seconds. 4. To make the best use of each pe After the minute was up, we read correct answers and asked them to mark on their paper how many times they had doubled the number correctly. In every class there was a terrific range from a low of two or three times up to 20 or 21 times. It was pointed ability they need, skill in leadership bering that everybody's different and rect^ nizing that people must be treated as * dividuals. These are the foundations upon any house of safety must be built.Jk ifWCERS OF THE K GLASS AND CERAMICS SECTION 1>S NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman--RUSSELL FRANK, Ferro corp., Cleveland, Ohio. Fiee-Chairman-CLYDE C. RUDDICK, Pittsburgh Plate Glass co.. Pittsburgh, Pa. Vice-Chairman--JOHN V. SKENDALL, Harbisou-Walker Refractories co., urgh, Pa. -EDWIN L. WRAY--Ball Brothers co., Inc., Muncie, Ind. Cmmitlee C/.oirmnn-THOMAS R. DONOGHUE, Pittsburgh Plate Glass co., |h, Pa. ship .Committee Chairman--A. H. BURKETT, Owens-Illinois Glass co., Libby njdiVi} Toledo, Ohio. ng & Health Committee Chairman--W. G. HAZARD, Owens-Illinois Glass co., Ohio. Editor--RUSSELL FRANK, Ferro corp., Cleveland, Ohio. 'Promotions Committee Chairman--JAMES L. MORRIS, The Federal Glass Co., its, Ohio. fety Contest Committee Chairman--JOHN V. SKENDALL, Harbisou-Walker Refracf'tortes co, Pittsburgh, Pa. titans'Committee Chairman--WILLIAM KOl'PUT, Owens-Corning Fiberglas co, Newark, Ohio. . it' ' ', f~The-Job Safety Committee Chairman--KARL STEINKRAUS, Owens-Illinois Glass Stsi, Ajtl>ton, III. ---------------------------------------------------------- ^Rofj^senlative--J. E. CROUSHORE, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. S, r.V'; "if'-, I -I m, !?. 000370 *1 30 31 ! 1.; :I .1 dmtf-,; 000377 FICERS OF THE RUBBER SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman--C. E. BECK, St Clair Rubber co., Marysville, Mich. ~hairman in Charge of Program--M. R. BATCHE, Firestone Tire & Rubber co, Ohio. ilaty--W. J. DOOLING, B. F. Goodrich Footwear and Flooring co, A div. of The , F. Goodrich co, Watertown, Mass. . `tiler Editor--A. R. POMEROY, The Ohio Rublicr co, Willoughby, Ohio. tring Committee: Chairman, N. C. LONGER, U. S. Kuhlicr co, Passaic, N. J.; TURNER, The Goodyear Tire tc Rubber co. of Canada, Ltd, Toronto, Canada; B. MAINES, Republic Rubber div. of the Lee Rubber & Tire corp, Youngstown, tk Committee: Chairman, R. H. WILSON, M.D, The B. F. Goodrich co, Akron, ; W. L. HOGUE, M.D, The Firestone Tire 8t Rubber co, Akron, Ohio; W. A. McCAUSLAND, M.D, B. F. Goodrich Footwear and' Flooring co, A div. of The B. F. Goodrich co, Watertown, Mass.; F. W. SANDS, U. S. Rubber co. New York, N.Y. rship Committee: Chairman, K. B. DAVIS, B. F. Goodrich Chemical co, Clevcbnd, Ohio; *W. M. GRAFF. U. S. Rubber co. New York, N. Y.; *J. L. DEAN, The /Firestone Tire & Rubber co, Memphis, Tcnn. rr Committee: Chairman, D. M. CORNELL, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co, Akron, Ohio; F. J. FRAME, The Goodyear Tire & Rubber co. of Michigan, Jackson, Mich.; G. A. MILLER, The Gates Rubber co, Denver, Ohio. *r Association and Liaison Committee Chairman--D. M. CARSON, U. S. Rubber co, Detroit, Mich. ' and Regulations Committee Chairman--C. S. KRUGER, Carlisle Tire A Rubbci Division ol Carlisle corp, Carlisle, Pa. i/y Committee Chairman--RAY HART, The Dayton Ruhl>cr co, Dayton, Ohio. 'lies Committee Chairman--J. C. MILARCH, Corduroy Ruhlier co. Grand Rapids, ;Mkh. tthmieal Goods Committee: Chairman, C. R. COVERT, The Goodyear Tire At Rubber co, Akron, Ohio; G. E. ROSE, The Wooster Rubber co, Wooster, Ohio; T. F. DAVIS, ,B. F. Goodrich Sponge Products, div. of The B. F. Goodrich co, Shelton, Conn. dm Manufacturing Committee: Chairman, *R. M. BOYLES, Midwest Rubber Re claiming co. East St. Louis, III.; *R. W .MCKES, The Goodyear Tire At Rublicr co, Akron, Ohio; *T. J. CAIN, JR, Tire B. F. Goodrich co, Akron, Ohio; P. E. DERY, Dominion Rubber co. Ltd, Montreal, Canada; C. G. TRAVERS, U. S. Rubber Re claiming co, Inc, Buffalo, N. Y. Laboratories Committee: Chairman, R. A. MANNING, The Goodyear Tire & Rrtiber co, Akron, Ohio; F. B. WILLIAMS, Carlisle Tire & Rubber div. of Carlisle Carlisle, Pa.; E. J. FRANCOIS, United States Rubber co. Research Center, .Wayne, N. J. ' .1.1 ?tt Cimm-.--ee: Ct^rr~*cn. "J. H. 1.., Gererai i:re lrxf RdSbefi Akron. Ohio; J. J. RAYTKEWICH. U. S. Rubber co., Joliet, I1L; X. R. Dunlop Tire & Rubber corp,, Buffalo, X. Y. Off-Tht-Job Safely Committee: Chairman, E. R. GARDNER, Akron Chamber of i merce, Safety Council, Akron, Ohio; S. T. BURROWS, The Mansfield Tire & Rai co., Mansfield, Ohio; *S. A. WRIGHT, Inland Manufacturing div., General Mot corp., Dayton, Ohio. International Synthetic Rubber Safety Association: Cluiirman, G. T. SHUSTER, To U. S. Chemical co., Port Neches, Tex.; H. M. ARCHER, Petro-Tex Chemical i Houston, Tex.; E. F. METZ, Cofcolymer Rubber & Chemical corp., Baton Rouge,I R. I. KELLEY, American Synthetic Rubber corp.,1 Louisville, Ky.; J. A. BROW Petroleum Chemicals, Inc., Lake Charles, Laf. t F. C.*iSTARBIRD, The Firestone r. & Rubber co., Synthetic Rubber div., Akron;{Ohio; N. P. BARKER, General Tin^ Rubber co., Odesso, Tex.; L. W. BOULTON, Polymer corp., Sarnia, Ontario,< J. C UTLEY, Firestone Tire & Rubber co., Synthetic Rubber div., Lake Charles, 1 K. K. KETCH EL, United Rubber & Chemicals, Baytown, Tex'. Advisory Cmnmittee: *H. L. ANDREWS, The Firestone Tire tt Rubber co., Potti Pa.; *T. H. BOYD, Manhattan Rubber div. of Reybcstos, Manhattan, Inc., P* N. j.; *R. A. BULLOCK, Corduroy Rubber co., Grand Rapids, Mich.; *G. D. CRO The Firestone Tire & Rubber co., Akron. Ohio; *R. S. FARNUM, U. S. Rubber Detroit, Mich.; *ROLAND KASTELL, U. S. Rubber co.. New York, N. Y.; J.' KIDNEY, The Goodyear Tire fc Rubber co., Akron, Ohio; *J. E. LOVAS, U.J Rubber co., Passaic, N. J. ' Staff Representative--JOHN D. GALLAGHER, National Safety Council, Chicago^ I *Past General Chairman . it- r rm 000378 __l DrnCERS OF THE HOME SAFETY CONFERENCE NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ) SC Vice-President for Home Safety--GEORGE M. WHEATLEY, M.D., third vice president. Health and Welfare, Metropolitan Life Insurance Company, New York, N. Y. liman--MRS. GEORGE WELLES, JR., St. Louis County Safety Council, Duluth, ^Minnesota. Ufresenlatives of Home Safety Conference on NSC Board of Directors--ALFRED W. fCANTWELL, A. L. CHAPMAN, M.D., MRS. GEORGE WELLES, JR. i-Elect--FRED LONG, M.D., Commissioner of Health, Peoria, Illinois; Ameri can Public Health Association. ' Chairman, Health and Medical Section--JAMES L. GODDARD, M.D., Chief, ArciJ;dent Prevention Program, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, D. C. :e-Chairman, Home Building and Equipment Section--EUGENE L. LEHR, Chief, Pro^ tram Services, Accident Prevention Program, U. S. Public Health Service, Washington, IP. C Chairman, Community Service (Civic) Groups Section--M1S& MARY M. WEEKS, ^Program Specialist, Girl Scouts of the U .S. A., New York, N. Y. \1 Wlflry--THOMAS FANSLER, Director, Home Safety Division, National Safety [Council, Chicago, Illinois. : 59 ft T' OFFICERS OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF SAFETY ENGINEERS NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ) West Central Region--HOLLEY P. BRADLEY, supervisor of safety. Service Pipe Line co., Tulsa, Okla. . Southwest Region--EDWIN B. LOCKE, manager engineering department, Texas Em ployers Insurance Assn., Dallas, Tex. Western Region--S. KIRKLEN COLLINS, superintendent, accident Loss & Prev. Dept. Fireman's Fund Group, San Francisco, Calif. Presidents: W. N. COX, JR., Professor of Safety and Industrial Engineering, School President--JOHN F. JULI, safely manager. Consolidated Western Steel div., U. S,' of Industrial Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Ga.; EDWARD corp., Los Angeles, Calif. -pi B. LANDRY, Benjamin Franklin Station, Washington, D. C.; HENRY II. DUFFUS, first Pice Preridriif--ROBERT CLAIR ,* [s[jssssisislanl vice president. Liberty Mutual Iiwr administrator, Accident Prevention, Westingliouse Electric corp., Pittslmrgh, Pa. ance co., Boston, Mass. Second Pice President--DONALD G. VAUGHAN,* manager, engineering tc insp Standing Committee Chairmen ' dept., Aetna Casualty & Surety co., Hartford, Conn. Secretory and Managing Director -J. H. JOHNSON, American Society of Safely neers, Chicago, III. Treasurer--GEORGE F. NTJEUNBERGER, safely department, Kaiser Steel Fontana, Calif. If Committee on /hoards Hr Honors--PIERRE F.. DERY, supervisor of safely, Dominion Rubber Co., Ltd., Montreal, Qucliec, Canada j!. Committee on Chapters--OTTO C. HAIER. safety director, Stamlard Oil Co. of Ohio, at Cleveland, Ohio K. Committee on Cooperation with Engineering Colleges- -FRANK E. LADERER, ass- Membrrs-at-l.arge !, ciale director of safely, Nationwide Insurance, Columbus, Ohio . Term Ending 1958--MICHAEL F. B1ANCARDI, manager, safely services deparliw* Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing co., Milwaukee, Wis.; H. W. HEINRICH, chains* Committee on Cooperation with Engineering Societies--JOHN V. GRIMALDI, rmisultanL in safety services. General Electric co.. New York, N. Y. Uniform Boiler and Pressure Vessel Laws Society, Inc., New York, N. Y.; FREt II. KOBELY, manager. Safety tc Casualty, Columhia-Geneva Steel div., U. S. corp., San Francisco, Calif. Committee on Pittance--GEORGE F. NUERNBERGEK. safetv dcpirinirot. Kaon Steel corp., Fontana, Calif. Term Ending 1959--FRED CLAIBORNE, safely assistant, Pan American Petn corp., Tuisa, Okla.; FRANK E. LADERER, associate director of safety, Nati wide Insurance, Columbus, Ohio; E. P. MARCONI, manager, Safety Branch i Inc., Tullahoma, Tenn. Term Ending 1960--GEORGE M. KINTZ, chief accident prevention tc health i U. S. Bureau of Mines, Region VI, Dallas, Tex.; CLYDE F. SCHLUET accident prevention manager, Employers Mutuals of Wausau, Wis.; VIRGIL,! WOMELDORFF, safety director, Illinois Power co., Decatur, III. Regional Pice Presidents Eastern Region--ARTHUR H. CHRISTIAN, corporate safely engineer, Air Viscose corp., Philadelphia, Pa. Committee on General Publications--FRED H. KOBELY, managrr of afrt! .md . casualty, Coltmihia-Geneva Steel div., U. S. Steel corp., San Francisco, Calif. rA C,Committee on Membership--GEORGE L. GORBELL, safely director, icrsonncl rela tions department, Monsanto Qicniical co., St. Louis, Mo. f Committee on Public Relations--ROLAND C. BAUER, safely sti|icrvisnr, Koppers co., Pittsburgh, Pa. ^ Commitlee on Research--MICHAEL K. BIANCARDI, manager, safely services dept., AUis-Chalnicrs Manaiifactnring co., Milwaukee, Wis. |Committee on Safety Laws and Regulations--THOMAS R. LKADBEATER, safely director, Todd Shipyards corp., New York, N. Y. Northeast Region--WARREN I. PETERS, engineer, The Travelers Ins. co., Roch N. Y. ' ^ Committee on Safely Standards--CLYDE Fj SCHLUETKR, accident prevention mana ger, Employers Mutuals of Wausau, Wausau, Wis. Southeast Region--P. W. LOGAN, division manager, Engineering department, 1 Mutual Insurance co., Atlanta, tin. Central Region--JOHN F. JONES, safety sn|>crvisor, Commonwealth Edisoaj] Chicago, III. East Central Region--MYRON L. MILLER, supervisor of safety, Westingliouse 1 corp., East Pittsburgh, Pa. ROBERT CLAIR resigned due to illness. He was replaced by DONALD G. VAUGH on Jan. 14, 1958. JOHN F. JONES, safety supervisor, Commonwealth Edison! cage 'll., was made second vice president. 108 Committer an Technical Publications--HENRY G. LAMB Brouxville, N. Y. " Special Committee on Congress Programs--DONALD G. VAUGHAN, managrr, engi neering tc inspection dept., Aetna Casually & Surely co., Hartford. Conn. Special Committee on .Iclion Program--J. C,_ STKNNKTT, director, accident tc fire prevention div., National Association of Mi ':diyiS*r*-^aK- nl- PSferia/ Committee on Junior .fehierement--I t-: * mm?. c^m ^fecial Committee on Membership Services- -TER MARCONI, manager,' branch Aro, Ttillaluitun, Tain. 00038- Special Committee on Motor Vehicle Operation--AMOS E. NEYHARTi head, Institute of Public Safety, The Pennsylvania Slate Univ., Annex University Park, Pa. Special Committee on NSC-Society Relationship--DR. WILLIAM P. YA of research & development, Mine Safety Appliances co., John T. R Laboratory, Pittsburgh, Pa. Special Committee on Revinu of the Constitution and By-Laws--WILLIA JR., Frofessor of safety & Industrial Engineering, School of Industrial. Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Ga. Special Committee on Society Exhibit at'.jMusetim of Science and lndus_ R. GRAHAM Safety Enginefet Bituminous Casualty Co. Insurance Rm. A-917 Chicago, Illinois >? Historian--EDWARD B. LANDRY, Benjamin Franklin Station, Ws National Safety Council Representative--DAVID L. ARM, manager, Indus)- National Safely Council, Chicago, III. t. . 1 t '> 15 \ 1957 Notional Safety Congress mr 00038a ^JL SOUGHT FRINGE BENEFITS Aflcr this the regaining and the hcllrrniciil of working conditions liccante a focal |<oint for activity. Upon being partially or totally successful llic demands of laltor turned |o llic so-called frittRc items. Rercttlly, llic fight lo slay ahead of llic risiiiR cost-of-living lias demanded llic attention of the worker and his trade union. We have passed over rather hurriedly the. general bargaining history of the labor movement since its rebirth in the early 30's! and of course a number of items which have Itccn important have not been men tioned. During this time most unions had little lime or energy to devole to protecting the safety of the members. In all fairness, however, there have liccii some.outstanding jobs done by the unions in some industries and in some segments of industry. The best job by the unions has been done, as far as safely was concerned, in those industries deplorable with safety records. ! This was accomplished principally because safely was foremost in the mind of the worker, lie saw his fellow worker injured and killed ami as far as he was concerned protection of life and limb took precedence j over other demands. UNIONS WROTE SAFETY CODES - A number of unions have devoted a great deal of time and effort in formulating and promoting safety codes to reduce fa talities and lost-time injuries. Safety codes are extremely important and worthwhile, however, without proper policing the ex pedient employer and employee can enjoy a , field day. Each effort, put forth by the union, regardless of sire, is important in the over all effect of preventing injuries to the wage- earner. ; Each International Union has an ohligation to make known to its affiliated local union that the union has an obligation to represent its membership in the field of safety whenever it can effectively do so. T be International Union has a responsibility of encouraging local unions to affiliate with the National Safely Council to promote a united front for labor in the field of safely, irrespective of International affiliation. International Unions should encourage local unions to participate in plant, com- 10 inunily and slate sponsored safely programs. K:u h Inlcrnnfiunu! llnlml1 attinkl - establish giving lalmr the opitortntiily to assist a department headed by a competent director ft.- determining what an effective progran to assist in promoting safety within its . should contain. . local unions. International Unions with Some of the top management people in training departments or educational depart the Pulp and Patter Industry of the West ments should add to their curriculum a Coast have in recent years slated that llic course lo prepare the plant union safely ' most valuable asset this industry has is the committeeman to do bis job. ' people who work in it. Another industrialist i|' slated that safely was on the same level of *' USE PUBLICATION MEDIA , productiUoHn*,, TJhIhe-yV tnp^.h: ,, .juiir tlmott"stuSSBip'nr joint safety program at the t>asl 10 years have reduced the fre quency figure for mills in Washington, Oregon ami California, a total of 45 mills with approximately 20,000 workers, from an average in 1945 of 38.99 to 6.04 hi 1956.^^ Publications such as newspapers, journals, 1 magazines and bulletins can most effectively ... I*e used in promoting safely in the mind ' of the membership. Usually these organs y find their way into the home of the member, where not only be, but others can read them. The' International Unions should enthuse their local unions with a desire to promote , adequate industrial compensation laws so ; that the injured manlier will receive ade- |j prate care and compensation. Many employers had little lime for acci- * lent prevention as long as the community*? and charitable organizations look care off. I his injured and maimed worker and the s! dcprndcnls of his falalilics. When industrial com|icusaliou laws were enacted and the y employers had lo assume an additional cost . burden, the employer usually became intercslcd in his accident frequency. It is true ( there have !*ccn and there arc employers who have been genuinely interested in llte j safety and the welfare of their employees. ,!i However, it is regrettable that in the past ` i. I Iherc have not liccn more, because there I] would lie fewer people working at a reduccd income because of an injury and there would lie fewer widows working to support their families because of a fatality. EMPLOYERS' ATTITUDES CHANGED i Generally speaking the attitude of cmplovers regarding sajety has been changed. This change has come slowly in some in stances and rather fast in others. Some employers have llic altitude that safety is the problem of management and the carry- j ing out of safety programs is a sole func-. tion of management. Olliers have taken a 1 realistic approach and have felt that a program of accident prevention within a plant must have the support of both labor and management and have created joint labor and management safely programs. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH CONTROL THROUGH ENGINEERING by FLOYD A. VAN ATTA industrial hygienist, United Auto Workers, Detroit, Mich. The engineering part of the occupational health- program is concerned with the con trol of those aspects of the work environ ment which may have an adverse effect iqxiii the health of the workers in the area. The most obvious conditions arc those concerned with the temperature, humidity, lighting and ventilation of the place of work. One lends to think of these items as con cerned with comfort rather than with health hut it should be quite obvious that if the temperature is excessively high, or exces sively low it can lie rapidly fatal and this is indubitably an effect on health, although not a chronic one. Somewhere liclwccn the normal room Icnqicralurc and humidity at which we are comfortable and efficient, and the tempera ture and humidity at which we die rather abruptly, there is a limiting value at which men can work, probably not in comfort hut without permanent barm. It is part of the business of the industrial hygienist lo deter mine this point and lo arrange llic working conditions so that the limit is not exceeded. Sometimes (lie control of beat and hu midity problems is through ventilation and it is always the first idea, when a mnii is working on a hut job lo turn a fan on him. It always helps some but on most hot jobs it is only a part, and often only a small part, of the total control which is needed. To control properly the man's llicrmal en vironment il is necessary to consider, and often lo control Imlli llte humidity and the Iciiqicrnlure of llic air which surrounds him and III sources of radiation which air within iglil of his working position. INDUSTRIAL POISONINGS The major interest of llic industrial hy gienist in vcntilaliiin comes in the control of industrial poisonings. There arc a few cases in which industrial diseases arc con tracted as the result of swallowing some material or as the result of contact of some materials with the intact skill. Put they most commonly arise from the inhala tion of dusts, vapors, mists, gases ir some other form of material in the air. The reason for this is clear after a ntoment's thought. Such materials as the phenolic compounds (carlxrlic arid, crcsols, resorcinols and so forth) and the aromatic amines (aniline, lotuidines and so on) arc easily ami rapidly nlisiirlicd through the skin bill llic undamaged skin is designed lo protect the body from attack and is a complete harrier against llic vast majority of materials. Ilerausc |ieoplc do not make il a custom lo cal the things which they handle in industry, industrial diseases caused by ingestion are also uncommon. They ran and bi occur, people do eat occasionally with their hands contaminated with toxic materials and cal as much as is required rodtlcc industrial It tV5/ S'litiuiuil Safety Congress ilisrasc. t recall tine plant where lire cmplnyccje of a heat-treating department had discovered llial they could have nicely toasted sandwiches liy floating them on a piece of steel oil the lead pot. This is one of the heller methods for developing chronic (rail poisoning by ingestion of lead. Since this sort of thing is rather unusual, the major problems in the engineering con trol of occupational disease have to do with preventing various kinds of dusts, vapors, gases, or mists from getting into the air in a place where men can breath them. There arc a variety of methods available. SUBSTITUTE MATERIALS It is sometimes possible to substitute a less toxic material for the one which is living used and avoid the problem. A rather common example would be the substitution of a water emulsion paint for a lacquer made up with solvents. This solves the problem of control of solvent vapors with no further effort. It does not necessarily solve the whole control problem since the pigment may also lie toxic. Occasionally, it may lie imssihlc to avoid the hazard by putting it somewhere where people do not go in the normal course of work. It should not lie overlooked that iso lated operations almost always rcipiiro su pervision and maintenance and the people who do this work must lie protected. An , isolated operation which is a serious source of air contamination is very apt to become a neighborhood nuisance. A more generally applicable device is the enclosure of the process. This is most readily seen in the chemical industry where many processes are carried out in a com pletely closed system from the raw material tanks at one end of the packaged product at the other. When thoroughly carried out, enclosure of the process unquestionably pro vides the mosfj'complete and most fool-proof protection fo^the workmen. Tips ty|rc of control which is most com mon is removal of the contaminant, either from the general atmosphere by ventilation or at the source by local exhaust ventilation or by .other means, such as wet operation, which will prevent contamination from being dis|>erscd into the atmosphere. The industrial hygienist will generally consider protective equipment to he pretty far down the line as a primary method for controlling a hazard. It is useful as a prim ary means when the hazard is of short duration or occurs infrequently. The main use of personal protective equipment is as a second line of defense after the hazard is pretty well controlled by engineering means. The main problem, in a great many in stances is to recognize the exart nature and extent of the hazard. When this has been done, the appropriate means of rontrol arc apt to lie fairly obvious. The fart that the particular condition has never been con trolled by a particular procedure which looks correct is not an adequate reason for deriding that it never ran bc.A. SAFETY--A MORAL RESPONSIBILITY by DR. CAMERON P. HALL executive director, National Council of the Churches of Christ in the U. S. A., New York city I.ike the two hit coin in your pocket, safely lias two sides. One side deals with what we do when safely fails; the other side concerns what we do to promote safety. Specifically, we arc to dig heneatli the pro gram and method, liencalli the device and technique to the moral basis for why we should ilu even more limn we arc in push 12 ing our safety record higher and higher. At llifs safeguard-end of lire safety problem religion has a place as significant as at the breakdown-mil. A concern for safely mea sures is fed by a lively sensitivity to the welfare of the individual that is at the heart of the religions life of this nation. Judaism and Christianity arc together in affirming this living truth; the individual is of \vnr[ licraiisc lie is of wnrlli lo Cod. What \i as a people do to express in practical tern_ the wortli and dignity of the individual is a moral rcs|>onsihility u|xm each of us ns an individual and together in groups. Yon arc intimately involved in all the problems and interests of organized lalxir. Safety is one of these, hut it is not isolated from your other issues which are also moral issues. So liefore I plunge into the moral responsibility, I want to stress that safely is part anil parcel of oilier lalmr programs which are also shot through witli moral responsibility. For instance, safeguards against unem ployment are an accepted moral responsi bility. We have (tie Full Employment Act of 1946, which makes the avoidance of un employment a public policy. That a man not lose an opinrtunity lo work is a moral issue; that industry, lalmr and the public join in putting a Door hcncalh the chance lo lie employed is a moral responsibility. When technological advances, such as auto mation, are introduced which threaten the availability of jobs, counter measures are promoted by lalmr, and receive a good bear ing among us. Why? Ilccausc dealing with threats to unemployment is accepted as a mural responsibility in onr American way of life. UNEMPLOyMENT--A MORAL ISSUE Hut whence come major threats to man willing to work licing unable lo work? Cyclical, technological, and other muses, lo lie sure, stand out. Ilut men arc often--all tern often--out of a job bemuse they have liccu hurt or maimed or disabled as well as fired bemuse of some overall economic or technical squeeze. Loss of job and income is due in large pari to failure in safeguards against accidents. Safety is a mural respon sibility bemuse assuring the opimrl unity for employment is a moral responsibility. - Again, ethical practices hv Imtli lalxir and management arc recognized as a moral re sponsibility of Imtli. This phrase--"ethical practices --has taken on specific reference lo the right of the individual union turiuhrr lo protrrlinn against the misuse of iihiuii and welfare fluids. Itul certainly he is equally entitled to protection from unnec essary accidents--through education ami (raining, on lire one hand, and through 000383 /wffjwy* Safety t ^ r, ItpjlViU safeguards on lhe-n|Uy baud, loess by a .union lownnl, yr.jtjSKrnin e In .JipToyrt of, any rarelcsiiiWftwi safety measures is till unethical practice Inward union members anil oilier workers--it is a failure in moral responsibility. SAFETY PROMOTES FREEDOM And thirdly, American lalxir is oul in front in helping bring llic strength of llic United Stales into the free world. A sense of moral responsibility for safely is at (lie heart of what the free world stands for-- the worth and dignity of the individual. Many tests tliat we Americans have lo meet licforc world opinion have lo do with safely --tests that we arc far front passing with the grade that we can always lie proud of. Last fall, we had to ex|xisc to the world the hazard lo their safety of nine Negro children in going lo an Arkansas school. That kind of hazard lo safely is a failure ill our moral responsibility toward the worth of a child. Hut iiirn lo another aspect of our national life. Our march to ever greater abundance, ever g eater productivity, ever greater lerlitiolngical prowess is impressive, even breath taking. Hut we should lie equally concerned with the pave we are selling in oii-lltc-joh, iKTiipaliimal safely. And Iwynnd this we now stand on (he threshold of the unclear energy industry, with its reactors ami isotojies, its fissionable fuels anil their radio active wastes. The hazards of radiation in this new industry give to moral responsibility for safety a new dimension ami urgency. Let me just mention three eliararlcrislirs of the potential harm there is in radiation; I. when you arc hurl hr over-ex (insure, you do not know it at the lime and so start .earing for it; you -learn of it--later; 2. the !lwTmful effects are not transitory; instead, tiiey add tip--accumulatively; .1. radiation ran reach into the human rcprixlurtivc sys tem and hence blight later generations. While these dangers arc near the surface in the use of radio-active materials, they can lie kept under control by vigilcncc. Certainly safeguards against these risks should have lop priority ill a safely program. When a stranger, sav from the relatively miderdevelo|sl countries in Asia and Africa, nr from Ix'liiud the Iron Curtain, should ask of us, "In your impressive rush toward mount ing ccniinniir pros|ieril,v, --I now into 0C038-1 if,- 1957 National Safety Congress iifety | ample, that the objective of industrial safely This is sheer gain, lmt these laws still on our roads rather than being content wltk * ishould be the preservation of human life Filially got farlmy laws -:unJi|wn!>. Inenf on doing something tor the man who picking up the pieces after tlie worjt hat rand the protection of human health. We ............ .m.i.ic..u. .salin,n--andmsanaomrigamminifsfijjrsfaiofertr has met with an accident, rather than on happened. ;< if,'would further agree that an employer has placems akteo mwionreks,, lfhaciltoorief salal ntdheuuleTglsislsaatifoenr driving full steam into eliminating causes Total security is a goal that is beyond cm i a moral responsibility to protect his workers nimt'd til litis obiis'livi*, wiiilunru's rmupru fur iici'ldi'iit*. When n shi|i is sinking, then reach, but great progress ran he llinilt wh t; against disease, aerblrnts, mental stress and salinn was the key. I'nr until employers the whole weight of responsibility rests on men of coui|ietence and good will and devo ^infections from the conditions of employ- were made directly and financially rcs|x>u- . manning the life boats and getting the pas tion join together to help each other ; Inten*t. sible for the results of workers' accidents, sengers ami crew off the vessel. When an every way., |mssihle to promote safety meM :We all profess to agree that hiiimiii life ;mlo has gone* hurllinn off a thniwny then the weight of moral responsibility is to rush sores against accident hazards. The tymbtlJ It lto( cheap; that man is not something to offl this Step is, I suppose, the NatkmfJ be sacrificed to a machine. And yet, these they bail no rcoiMHmr reason In premtl accidents. The whole pattern ami fabric of medical care. Safety Congress itself. It stands for roonlj [ethical principles arc not always applied onr industrial safely program throughout Hut neither life boats nor ambulances are the full measure of moral responsibility that rests upon us today when ships still sail the rcs|ionsibilily toward these hazards at it host, for our deepest responsibility towar the victim of accidents is to see to it !h day to da,y In p. ractical l.i.a.f,.pe.,p--l.ni.-c-o>-ar-tiioanonnirbctthhtIIh`eIeCeyy^ycsoemlfe-einnftoorccionng. fliicct with individual--e--c-o--n--o-m--`ic interests, and the nation rests entirely on how good and how effective our workmen's compensation and our occupational disease laws arc. high seas and cars ride the highways. Our all is done to keep him from becomittf^ moral sense lias grown up beyond that level victim. And that is a worthy cause for ius must he enforced eitlrer through group lion, or by society as a whole through ECONOMIC REASONS of moral satisfaction. In its modern con of us, wherever we are--in labor ambit] litical action. Oh, of course, you can point to many cept moral responsibility stresses preventing management, in education and in govt the worst from happening on the oceans and meat.ate 'As a rule, society docs not move as fast -j the need would indicate. We all know, for example, that the first industrial revoln- other good economic rationalizations for in dustrial safely. You can say industrial ac cidents add all kinds of direct and indirect ,tkm had run its course for more than 100 costs to production. You can point to (tic LABOR'S STAKE IN SAFETY 3l$ years before society got around to adopting and enforcing rules and regulations of in dustrial safety.. For more than 100 years industrial workers were given no legal pro- cost of hiring and training a new employee, of equipment damaged in a work accident, of the time lost by other employees when an accident occurs. ``lection against the risks and hazards of in Rut I will throw them all right liack to by A. J. HAYES dustrial employment. , you and say that these considerations were international president, International Association of Machinists; vice president, Here ami there, a lone individual employer AFL-CIO, Washington, D. C. J>f, tfmutlil_gwhtoar-kt-t-ien--mg- ,p.c-.t-o-.-tnv-o,d' iIpt'iloruonnvsuidef*eoradce"hcceieinnwtt oaanrnkdderlhisee.;aRlthut the whole, the story of factory employI don't intend to stay within the limits of safety1 is. * pre1 tty iobvioudsw.' tTlhaeborer'sto*staIke in!>de*n>t *inn mtheece1iv9nttlthiurccyee-nnwtluuarrsyv----aaanmpt\trethttryougghhas*t>htl-eythis title because I am. certain little new in present long before we had industrial acci dent programs--and ibat it wasn't until ac "ciden. t c-p-o-r-me--vp-e-e-n-n-ts-io-ant'.iownaasnrd",eioncfocurcpea;dt;iownaitlhdrwis"eolalr"ske ,c*'s,a"on employer* really became safety conscious. formation could lie said altont "Labor's Stake in Safety. It is obvious dial no one "touch upon aspects of (lie subject that is t-1 don't need to go into the details that are not often discussed--assets that are sow So it seems that the tiling that counts here is how good our workmen'* compensa could have a greater stake ill industrial safety than the men and women who are die direct victims of industrial accidents. 'I'o an employer -- matters of industrial safety, occupational disease, accident prevcutioi- and workmen's comiicnsalinii--are all tied up with economic considerations. They are important insofar as they affect-- and.can be made to reduce--insurance costs, training costs, and material costs. Hut these what controversial. Perhaps they are as indicative of the cold indifference with which discussed because they arc controversial. Inman life was held in America;) mines and ETHICS IN SAFETY iKtorics. Suffice to say, it did not seem to alter how many men, women and children Since my views and public statement! * vere killed or crippled in the course of a llie "corruption in unions" issue have tee to- There were always more waiting at as frank and honest as I can make thea gates the next morning--driven by raw I sec no reason to he any less candid ir RWverty to plead for a chance to jeopardize stating my views about matters of ind* lives and limbs. . trial safely. I assure yon, however, thai! tion and occupational disease legislation really, are. And that's a good question! I've spent my whole adult life in the labor movement. A* a matter of fact, I was projected into it by the voy thing we arc talking about here- loday--an industrial accident. I went to '.work at 17 years of age because my fattier was totally disabled by a work in jury--an injury that eventually killed him. arc all money costs--casli costs--costs that am not injecting controversy for its cm SOCIETY BROUGHT CHANGES In the course of many years of studying arc measured in dollars and rents. sake, but because these arc matters tint at frhe point I am getting at, of course, is and dealing with the problems of my union To a worker, on die other hand, an in dustrial accident is a matter of something dial is even more tangible titan money. It ecru tlie men ami women who run the M lt change--when it came--was not (lie risk of being injured, diseased or killed* ' ' any regeneration of moral and tiicir jobs. *' conviction ,Te'Z, , f " a"(' --which arc, of course, tile problems of the members of my union, l realized that onr ''T'" ->f workmen's mmpensafim is a matter of a man's blood, hones and sinew--of tragedy, suffering and sorrow. Safety--and accident prevention--hare; ethical as well as an economic side. 1 , *me ra,,,cr because .......... . society as a whole thoroughly revolted. It came because "!* irmal disease legislation i, com........- plctcly and wholly inadequate to meet the And sometimes, in fact, more than 50 times none of us--whether we represent labor't American people were filially shocked needs of our complex industrial society. a day--on every working day--it is a mat manngement -- would disagree witli t,,gli .to correct ,,a ic-oonnUdnitiioon tlhaft Ihad |irc- I am not alone ill that conclusion. There ter of life itself to someone, .somewhere, in basic ethical principles in tiic field of intoJljaifed--and grown worse__for inn . litis conn* trial safety. We would all agree, fora**' ' w -years. arc, in fact, many men in tlie labor move ment loday who feel even more ntgl.v 17 195/ Rational Safely Congress 385 000 j Jijr Safety limit I do--men wlio are firmly convinced dial workmen's compensation lias been a gigantic swindle on the American worker. This nation lias tried to deal with a national problem by having 48 seperatc. con flicting-- and in a sense -- competing slate statutes. And there is no doubt blit (hat workmen's compensation is one kind of labor legislation that states use to compete with one another to attract industry. In fact, whenever we go into the state legislatures to get improvement or expan sion of existing laws, we invariably meet employer counter-arguments to the effect that any further improvement in coverage or benefit structure will shove industry into the waiting and sympathetic arms of slates which are more concerned with payrolls-- than with the people on those payrolls. SAFETy INTEREST LACKING Certainly the health and safety of the nation's work force should not be a pawn in any state's bid for new industry. But that is just what it is under a system that allows Mississippi or Arkansas or Georgia to compete for industry by offering low workmen's compensation benefits and a mini mum of safety regulation at the plant level. Why should an employer pay $40 a week for a temporary total disability in Illinois-- when he can go to Arkansas and pay $25 a week for the same injury? The situation in workmen's compensation legislation is so bad, in fact, that the Secre tary of Labor, Mr. Mitchell, although speak ing for an administration that normally fol lows a hands-off policy in state legislation, has been constrained to speak out and to plead with the states to bring their laws into line with modern conditions. But because employers can play off one state against another in' this matter, the re sults have heen somewhat negligible. There is no indication that the remedy will ever catch up with the need, until there is broader recognition that industrial accidents are a national problem--one that is truly solvable only on the national level. The lack of a strong and equitable work men's compensation system leads to a cor responding lark of interest in enforcement of safety codes and regulations. In many stales the Bureau of Factory Inspection-- by whatever name it goes under--is little more Ilian a son to the conscience of the stale legislature. In fact, the inspection serv ice in such states is not only understaffed, but the staff is underpaid, untrained and technically unqualified to do a competent job in a field that needs a high degree of competency. But as bad ns the situation in workmen's compensation and factory inspection may ' be, the situation in occupational disease cov- . crape verged on the criminal. And this is a maj|er of more than just poor legislation.. It is incredible to think that in the second . half of the 20th century 20 states still either * have no coverage or limited coverage of * occupational disease. i But the greater problem is that there is 'j too little understanding of the nature and -i complexity of occupational disease. The'range and source of occupational disease in ' modern industry is practically limitless. None of the ways by which man makes a living is completely free of some hazard to physical or mental health. The risk of oc cupational disease grows greater every day as industrial processes become more and more dependent upon and saturated with toxic dusts, fumes, va|iors, gases, acids and alkalies. livery day thousands of workers arc exlioscd to everything from arsenic to mercury poisoning, from benzine coin|>ouuds to mag nesium poisoning, from sulphuric acid to chromium poisoning. Thousands have no physical or legal protection whatsoever against the chemicals and ixiisons that are slowly killing them. UNAWARE OF RISKS In fact, many arc not even aware of the risk. They will find out when it is too late. In many states they will also find nut that they have no right to compensation under the occtqialional disease law. I wonder how you tell a man who has contracted carlion tetrachloride poisoning, for example, that he isn't entitled to benefits under the occupa tional disease law liecausc the legislature of his state hasn't seen fit to recognize that earlxm tetrachloride poisoning is an occupa tional disease? 1 recently read a statement to the effect that "the scope of occupational disease is vast almost beyond calculation" and "it comes, in fact, unpleasantly close to being the major public health problem of our time.'' 18 If Hint js so--ami 1 for one am iiKlincSM^'^eoiceh down under the stress of life in a believe it--it is tragic commentary on fanjfc 'j.E&nplicated, impersonal and highly imlus- lirne--on the ethics of a business commiMtj*-* iTrtdized - society. But we doa.^ fuow how that has done so little about it. It is even more tragic in view of the fact that we are now entering a new phase in our industrial development--a phase of such sweeping 'change that some commentators have re ferred to it as a new industrial revolution. much more stress people caii&iKf; or what effect automation will have on a worker s nervous system. At what point does the human mind crack up from sheer loneliness, lack of contact with fellow workers, from uninterrupted repetition and brainwashing - Think of that--we are entering a new in boredom? dustrial revolution without ever having fully I am not just tossing questions out at solved the problems that attended the old random here. All of the things I am talking one. aliout--from workmen's compensation and 1 wonder if it will again take us 100 years to make even a decent start on the health and safety problems that will arise out of automation and atomic energy. These prob occupational disease to radiation and mental distress--have a valid relation to industrial health and safety--and are proper subjects of labor interest. lems arc not a part of a distant tomorrow but arc already a part of the world today. LOOK FOR DANGERS Now more than 1,500 industrial plants are using atomic materials in one form or another--in 1,500 establishments American workers are already cx|ioscd to the hazards of atomic radiation. , Can we say the state laws in existence today--indeed ran we sav that any system of stale inspection and compensation -- arc adequate to care for the workers who will get leukemia or bone cancer liecausc of exposure to atomic radiation? For safely is a broad term. It is defined as: (1) the state or condition of being safe; (2) freedom front danger or risk; and (3) freedom from injury. Safely means freedom from any kind of danger, risk or injury. When we applv that definition to indn-ln.il . n lio- os w........... think in term', of In.Mm I.i-.cm- -We must change our .until Ir town! cupational diseases--go out looking for them instead of trying to pretend they don't exist, DON'T KNOW PROTECTIONS Personally, I feel somewhat discouraged aliout the prospects. How, can the states protect and care for victims of industrial radiation when they haven't yet learned to protect and care for victims, of occupational diseases that have been prevalent for genera or implying if they do exist, that they have no relation to industrial causes. I atn not exaggerating when I say that industry has taken a "head-in-lhc-sand" al titude up to now. It has tried to cover up occupational diseases rather Ilian to isolate, prevent and care for them. tions? We need only look at silicosis and There has been little research--either tmeumoconiosis to sec the, failure. And governmental or private--in the field. The failure to provide adequate'treatment and Public Health Service spends less than one compensation for these dreadful dust diseases cent for each worker each year on the pre is paralleled by the failure of industry to vention of occu|iatioual diseases. The Na- financc programs of research that would ' lional Institute of Health, which has made lead to their prevention at tlic source of hundreds of research grants during the exposure. past three or four years, lias made less than Belated to the problems of occupational disease and radiation is another matter that has received almost no attention in industry, half a dozen in the field of occupational health. There is an iron curtain of secrecy around this whole subject. or in government. That is the matter of mental disease. We already know enough aliout automation to know that it will throw workers into a lonely and eerie world in habited by monster mechanical devices. Not only docs industry fail to support anil subsidize research in occupational dis eases, itself, but men who have tried to do indc|>cndcnt research find that it is virtually impossible to gel facts, information, or co We also know that our mental hospitals operation from the people in industry who arc already crowded with people who have are in a position to help. '"*'sc still, if a 19 t T 195/ National Safety Congress ' resenrcli project docs tend to show n cor relation between employment and disease, the authors find it is almost impossible to get tlveir work published or distributed. doctors have testified against Workers and for management in occupational disease cases even though they knew their testimony was biased. The result is a deplorable lack of informa tion about occupational disease. We arc years behind other countries in this respect. One expert in this field said that research in pneumoconiosis in this country is 25 years behind that of Great Britain. SECRETS PREVAIL IN INDUSTRV Industry actively opposes objective re search and free interchange of information on occupational diseases because it is more afraid of the possibility of paying compensa tion benefits than it is that workers will die from lack of proper information and ade quate precaution. Here are specific examples that will illusstrate this point. There is some medical evidence that the chemicals used in the dye industry and in the manufacture of synthetic rubber cause or contribute to cancer of the bladder. In ' fact, one of these--amine--is _ so dangerous that it has been outlawed '- for all industrial uses in Britain since 1951. ' But efforts to prove, tpublicize and restrict ; i". the dangers of this deadly acid have hit jr.stubborn resistance in this country. The large chemical companies have refused to f, find out if amine does contribute to cancer m of the bladder and have strongly resisted in f . dependent research into this problem. It should mil surprise us that doctors can he unobjective in these cases where their testimony is bought and paid for. We have only to look:, at the wide-spread difference of opinion atpong doctors as to the effect of cigrtacttc smbkiug to see that (heir testimony canltfomctimcs be something less than truth ful. Most doctors who are not in the pay of cigarette companies are convinced by all the scientific evidence on record that cigar ettes undoubtedly contribute to lung cancer. Hut the doctors on the payrolls of the to bacco companies cither deny that cigarettes contribute to lung cancer, or at best main tain that there is not yet enough proof. As we contemplate these conflicting views among professional men--and as we thought fully study the reluctance of industry to be honest about this matter of occupational disease--we cannot help but wonder whether the lust for profits has made many men for get the real purpose of life. What is the real purpose of life? Is it production and profit--or the well-being of the individual? If there is conflict between the two, do we sacrifice production and profit or the well being of the individual? The ethical answer is obvious.. But the practical methods of reaching the logical ethical conclusion are more difficult. Much the same situation holds true in the .asbestos industry. There appears to be de cided after-effects on workers who produce asbestos in that there is a marked correla tion between asbestos employment and lung cancer. Here again, the industry has been traditionally reluctant to cooperate in a ftdl scale scientific study of this curious correla tion. This reluctance to do research in health hazards recurs In industry after in dustry. ' DOCTORS OFTEN BIASED But even worse when workers do succumb to cancer of the bladder or the lung, or to some other equally horrible diseases, we arc treated to the spectacle of company doctors who testify that the disease couldn't possibly have been caused by their employment. Doc tors are supposed to be above reproach in our society, But as a labor official I have known of too m- - cases in which company FEDERAL ACTS NEEDED We could make a start by enacting com prehensive federal workmen's compensation and occupational disease legislation to take the place of the chaos that results from having 48 different state systems. But I have no ho|>cs for such a constructive ap proach in the foreseeable future. I am afraid the insurance lobby, and the employer groups that profit from weak administration arc too strong for us at this time. So we'll just have to make that one of our long range objectives. But there are some things we can do right now. We can try to have programs set up in the National Institute of Health and in the Public Health Service which would recognize the importance of occupa tional disease--and which would put the re search effort in this nation on a par with that of other civilized industrial nations. in 0003815 &L . _ 'V '1 ourselves pretty unpopular because we If we cannot get lion from the state the lalxir movement decent factory insp govcrmcnl, then we M must resort lo sclf-h4jv jk Vktiji Sv^Htli looking for American the things industry that caje- w...r.o..n...g ,anuSka!, 'vJl'mcriraii Many unions arc thinking in terms of col society. I may have offended industry men with lective bargaining clauses which would re this indictment of the ethics and morals of quire the employer to adopt the safety onr business community. But I would lie standards set by the American Standards Association as the minimum acceptable in derelict in my duty ami false to my trust as an elected officer of one of America's (he shop. greatest unions if I did not say frankly and LABOR FIGHTS FOR SELF candidly that we in the lalxir movement are not satisfied with present legislation relating We arc also prepared to bargain for more lo industrial health and safety, workmen's supplemental injury benefits when the coin- compensation and occupational diseases. I pcnsalion provided by state laws is not ade quate to sustain a worker and his family. Although onr efforts will directly benefit only the 17 million organized workers, per haps they will release new pressures that will eventually result in improved legisla In a sense this is a great challenge to the National Safety Council--a challenge that can be met only if all facts arc squarely faced. If we in the labor movement could count on your assistance in the fight for belter legislation and more research on both tion benefiting all workers. (he State and federal levels we might, to The American lalxir, movement has but gether, make this a far happier, healthier one pur|x)sc--one reason for existence in and safer nation in which to live and work. American life--to serve and protect Ameri A can workers. There are times when we GOOD COMMUNICATIONS HELP SAFETY j by GEORGE SCRIVEN public relations director, United Rubber, Cc rtc. Linoleum & Plastic Workers of ' America, AFL-CIO, Akron, Ohio iOur organization has been safety minded ( besides good. And there certainly is. 1 for many years. The record on that score think there is a lot of bad and fuzzy com- speaks for itself in a loud and clear manner, munications going on in all fields. The results of our efforts, in cooperation Within the subject matter at hand, ! with enlightened managements, tell the sloty would say (|,e WOrd good means that type ol how wc have seen the number of acc|4|V which gets some concrete reaction and re- dcnls reduced in^ the plants in which otir imteemmsberrcstiuwcocurk.*I mshu-ail,l .no..tgo....i.n..t.o... --specific figures on frequency rates and such. mils. In the United Rubber Workers, we ihitik our communications have been good because we have the results to show for it. I don't suppose any of you would dispute the flat statement that good communications help safety. But I'd like to try and give yon some of the techniques, the how and the why of that statement. First, let's do a little word analyzing. I' certainly don't want to sound like the pon tifical professor lecturing his class on scmalics. But when we say good in our topic, "Good Communications Help Safety,'' we immrdiatolv infer that there is another kind MUST HAVE RECEIVER Now for the word communications in the phrase. You can't have communications-- the good type that is--unless someone is sending the message and someone is re ceiving it. I was in the Air Force iiv World War II, and 1 served as a radio operator in the Pacific aboard a 11-29 Superfortress. When I sent a message and no one received it I didn't have comntt' 'ions. I was i } OFFICER* OF THE LABOR CONFERENCE w (COMBE, general organizer, Brolhcrliood of Painters, Decorators At Papcrhangers of I'America, Washington, D. C.; CARL HOLDEKMAN, commissioner, Dept, of Lalior lind Industry, Trenton, N. J.; BARNEY HOPKINS, secretary-treasurer, Michigan iCIO Council, Detroit, Mich.; PAUL A. IACCiNO, secretary-treasurer, Cook Countv NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 ^.Industrial Union Council, Chicago, HI.; MORRIS IUSECHEWITZ, secretary-treasurer, jNew York City CIO Council, New York, N. Y.; E. W. KENNEY, director, Research |Snd Education, International Woodworkers of America, Portland, Ore.; JOHN R, ^UMPEL, special representative, Safety ami Coiuiicnsatiou, United Rubber, Cork, Vice President for Labor-- P. L. SIEMILLER, general vice president, International, ciation of Machinists, Chicago, III. ,1. h Chairman--LLOYD UTTER, director, Indifsjtrial Htallli & Safely div., United Auto Workers, Detroit, Mich. I 'I S inoleum At Plastic Workers of America, Akron, Ohio; RAYMOND LEON, inlcrtltonal representative, International Brotherhood of Pulp, Sulphite A: Paper Mill Workers, Fort Edward, N. Y.; T. G. LINNERT, head, Engineering At Air Safety dept, ir Line Pilots Assn., Chicago, III.; THOMAS MURTHA, international rcprcscnlare, International Alliance of Theatrical Stage Employees, New York, N. Y.; JOSEPH H1LIPPS, apprentice coord. United Association of Journeymen At Apprentices of Vice-Chairman--CHARLES FERGUSON, director, safety div., United Mine Workoij Plumbing At Pipe Fitting Industry, Washington, D. G; S. C. PHILLIPS, assistant America, Washington, D. C. President, Brotherhood of I-ocomotive Firemen and Enginciucn, Cleveland, Ohio; 1C J. Secretary--G. G. GRIEVE, director, Lalior div., National Safely Council, Chicago,! LABOR CONFERENCE REPRESENTATIVES TO NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL si Hoard of Directors--LLOYD UTTER; AL E. BROWN, vice president, United makers At Papcrworkers, Portland, Ore.; HARRY SEE, National Legislature sentative, Brotherhood of Railroad Trainmen, Washington, D. C. *PLONDKE, director, Public Relations, Brotherhood of Maintenance of Way Employees, Detroit, Mich.; RAY E. ROBERTS, safety director, International Association of Ma|diiiusts Lodge 763, Phoenix, Ariz.; FRED ROBLIN, associate editor. The American ytessman. International Printing Pressmen At Assistants Union of North America, l'rcssRi*ui's Home Teiui.; JOHN R. ROONEY, secretary-treasurer, Ohio CIO Council, Co ttbus, Ohio; ELWOOD SWISHER, vice president, Oil, Chemical At Atomic Workers iternational Union, Denver, Colo.; DONALD THOMS, vice president, United PapcrHtakers At Paperworkers, Chicago, III.; C. R. TllORNBROUGII, commissioner of CHAIRMEN OF LABOR CONFERENCE COMMITTEES Congress Program Committee--JOHN R. KUMPEL; Executive--LLOYD UTTfl Membership--ELWOOD SWISHER; Planning--LLOYD UTTER; Publication I Newsletter--GEORGE EICHHORN; State Labor Departments--F. A. VAN hV DAN ADAIR, coordinator of safety activities. Pacific Coast Assn, of Pulp and! Manufacturers, Portland, Ore.; FINLAY ALLAN, asst, to general president, f Thbor, Stale Dept, of Labor, Little Rock, Ark.; F. A. VAN ATTA, PH. D,, consultant r industrial hygiene, United Auto Workers, Detroit, Mich.; HAROLD WALTON, Ebusiness agent, International Association of Machinists Lodge 834, Wichita, Kan.; JHUNTER P. WHARTON, asst, to general president, International Union of Operating ^Engineers, Washington, D. C.; ALBERT W1IITEIIOUSE, director Industrial Union Wept, Washington, D. C. Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, Indianapolis, Ind.; JOHN T.I K1NSON, safety director, International Woodworkers of America, Vancouver, R.C A. C. BLACKMAN, chief, div. of industrial safety, State Dept, of Industrial Rd " San Francisco, Calif.; FRANK BURKE, director, safety A health. United Steel* of America, Pittsburgh, Pa.; JOHN CALDWELL, education director, Am Federation of Stale, County At Municipal Employees, Washington, I). C; WIL' A. CALLAHAN, chairman, State Industrial Accident Commission, Salem, Ore.; I NANDO J. CASTRO, director. Bureau of Industrial Safety A: Accident Ptetakj Department of Lalior, San Juan, Puerto Rico; J. GEORGE EICHHORN, C Lodge Representative, International Assn, of Machinists, Chicago, III.; ROD COYNE, director, Occupational Safety A: Health, International Union of life Radio At Machine Workers, Washington, D. C.; GEORGE C. DU VALL, assiMlj vice president, Communications Workers of America, Washington, I). C.; AR1 FRANCIS, chief inspector. Workmen's Compensation Board, Vancouver, B. C; It GIDEL, chief Div. of Safety Standards and Services, Bureau of Labor Star* U. S. Dept, of Labor,'Washington. 1). C.; ARTHUR P. GILDEA, sccrclary-tn International Union of United Brewery, Flour, Cereal, Soft Drink and Workers, Cincinnati, Ohio; JOSEPH GONEY, assistant director safety and I United Steelworkers of America, Pittsburgh, Pa.; J. A. GREENE, safety repra 0003(17 live. International Association of Machinists, Downsview, Ont.; JOHN GRU director, Health At Safety dept., United Automobile Workers, Dearborn, Mich.; I S. HADDOCK, National Maritime Union, Washington, D. C.; BRYCE P. I 34 S 35 OFFICERS OF THE MARINE SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 'KtMtral Chairman--L. H. QUACKENBUSH, vice president. States Marine Corp., New 1 York, N. Y. .IfcrrrN/ivr General Chairman--CARL F. VANDER CLUTE, general manager. Marine V w dept. Gulf Oil Corp., New York, N. Y. .Bfifr General Chairmen (Atlantic Area)--JOSEPH S. BLACKETT, general operation JR. manager Grace Line, New York, N. Y.; W. N. DAMONTE, vice president & manager, `jK M^ftine dept., Sinclair Refining Co., New York, N. Y.; R. K. KELLY, manager. Transportation dept., Eastern division, Tidewater Oil Co., New York, N. Y.; J. V. C. MALCOLMSON, general manager, Marine dept., The Texas co,, New York, N. Y.; HAROLD W. NORTHCUTT, manager, Staten Island Yard, Betldcliem Steel Co.. fSlaten Island, N. Y.; ROBERT E. O'BRIEN, vice president. Operations, Moore1 McCormack Lines, Inc., New York, N. Y.; ROBERT J. TARR, operating manager, : Luckenbach S. S. Co.. Brooklyn, N. Y.: TARKER WISE, general manager. Marine ' Transportation dept., Socony Mobil Oil Co., New York, N. Y. General Chairman (Gulf Area)--GEORGE GRISWOLD, vice president, Gidf tc isife'So. Amer. S. S. co., New Orleans, La. pee General Chairmen (Pacific Area)--CAPT. T. C. CONWELL, vice president. Ship J,. Operations, American President Lines, San Francisco. Calif.; A. E. KIHN, president, ^'California Shipping co., San Francisco, Calif.; RANDOLPH SEVIER, president, Matson Navigation co., San Francisco, Calif. Jw General Chairmen (Great Lakes Area)--DAVID L. BUCHANAN, Director, Claims division, Pittsburgh S.S. division,. U. S. Steel corp., Cleveland, Ohio.; JOHN L. f HORTON, assistant manager, Marine dept., Cleveland Cliffs Iron co., Cleveland, Ohio.; REAR ADMIRAL CHARLES R. KHOURY, USNR, president, Pittsburgh S.S. division, U. S. Steel corp., Cleveland, Ohio. ; ! lice General Chairmen (Inland Waterways)--Ofifralions--P A. M ECU LING, vice presi- f dent, A. L. Mechling Barge Lines, Joliet, III.;Membrrshil>--WILLIAM C. McNEAL, Wee president, Oil Transport co., New Orleans, La. . p* General Chairmen (Passenger and Cirgo Services)--!.. S. ANDREWS, vice presi- Vdent, American Export Lines, New York N. Y.jCAl'T. L. A. RENF.IIAN, i.iariue ; superintendent, Farrell Lines, New York, h(rY. Btf Gtntral Chairmen (Tankers)--CHARLES L. BOYLE, manager. Marine Dept., j'Sun Oil co., Marcus Hook, Pa.; ADOLPH R. KURZ, vice president, Keystone Sliip! ping co, Philadelphia, Pa.; S Ff Genrcal Chairman (Stevedoring)--G. H. E. BUXTON, director, Safety Bureau, |New York Shipping Assn, New York, N. Y. . ne General Chairman (Coastal Regions and International Safely Conventions)--VICE jjAPM. ALhRED C. RICHMOND, Comdt., U. S. Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. on. Nominating Committee--WILLARD F. JONES, New York, N. Y. irrtary (Admiralty and Maritime Counselor)--HENRY C. EIDENBACH, Hagen ft i-.Bdenbach, New York, N. Y. SI (Past General ChairtmritJ-KKAK ADXHRAL EDWARD C. HOD. o,. ~... . ., `.i.d.e.mv.. U..n.ite-d---S---ta--l-e--*---l-\---&----I. nA..g;,e,,try, Inc.LNine* 1.. A^SSTBbuSreSau., Paci*fi^c "VMWarit-imJ0e SAEsPm1, I ; AVERY, safety engineer, Matson Navigation co., j " MeGURN, marine inspection officer, 12th Coast G UUUvOd j , manager, Acciu^.n , incisco, Calif.; HARRY E. Calift; CAPT. F. A. lislrict, Satr Francisco, Calif. , .\t; x - r,t Qrtal Lakes Region--Bulk Carriers--WM. ECKERT,Togr., safety dept., Interlake S. S. ca, Cleveland, Ohio.; L. C. MATIA, Secy., The Wilson Marine Transit co., Cleve;:'hmd Ohio.; COMMANDER C. E. LEISING, marine inspection officer, 9th Coast `'."Guard District, Cleveland, Ohio. Director, Inland Waterways, operating and shipbuilding--BRAXTON B. CARR, president, u.``The American Waterway* Operator*, inc, Washington, D. C. EISKE, JR., vice president fie manager tlanl Directors, Inland Waterways, Operating and Shipbuilding--ROBERT L. GRAY, f.'tuperintendent, River Transportation Dept., Ashland Oil Sc Refining co., Ashland, Ky.; Assistant General Marine l)e|>!.. GCuhlaf iOrmilanco--f.r.op...r.,...NMT..ae....n.w....k.e.VY..r..os.-rI-k-}.,...KN*R. ,.vYT. HOMPSON, assistant general iatratf,1 I ' G. A. PETERKIN, JR, president, Dixie Carriers, Houston, Texas;; DAVfD M. BROWN, JR, The American Waterway* Operations, Inc, Washington, D. C.; CAPT. . Assistant General Chairman (Programs, Conventions)--HAROLD M. WICK, assist*! C H, STOBER, marine inspection officer, 2nd Coast Guard District, St. Louis, Mo. vice president, American lliircatt of Shipping, New York, N. V. Assistant General Chairmen (Membership)--CAPT. JONES F. DKVLIN. JK.;T. T. WILKINSON, Sti|it. Eng, Marine dept., Sinclair Refining co.. New York, N. Y. SERVICE COMMITTEES Director, Public Relations--FRANK IIUAYNAKI), director, I'nrcau nf InforiuatloA American Merchant Marine lust.. New York, N. Y. in, Ship Owners Associations Committee--RAI.Pit E. CASEY, president, Ameri can Merchant Marine Institute, New York, N. Y. Assistant Director (Public Relations)--.KillS' K. THXS'.ltXT, Special assistant . Atlantic Coast Director, Maritime Administration, Ness- York, N. V. mCkairman, Statistics and Contests Committee--CAPT. C. M. Lynch, manager, safety and Hi. training, Sinclair Refining co, Marcus Hook, Pa. Director, Maritime Associations--Safety Cooperation mid Attendance--K. J. nAKOMkifbmldmg and Ship Repair Committee--R. H. CHAPPELL, JR, industrial relations secretary-treasure, American Merchant Marine lust., New York, N. Y. fii Pirn"' j |cc,rlc Boat d'Y1 General Dynamics corp, Groton, Conn.; R. I). DAUTE- T bStFR cLefnrfer' M"|y,a"d S-B- * D. D. co, Baltimore, Md.: T. R. LEAD- Director, Safety Information and Posters--CAPT. MILTON HR KECK, manager, Ew G ) FW!; ff ffC,y c.n8,ncer' Twltl Shipyards corp. New York, N. Y.; ROBERT Shipping co., Port of N. Y. Office, New York, N. Y. NORDSl'ROMfc yr ^n8mCC-' Bcli',,c,lcm S,ccl co-< Bcllilcltcm, Pa.; HERMAN J. D --*lv,M s'* ? REGIONAL ACTIVITIES AND COMMITTEES '*3^ **> ......... ..... c-* u-*t,ms' ^Tan. .J r York' N w/itiivM li rMATKIH 1) Kcvstonc Sliipinnn m, nitl;ii1cl|mn, In., A. I , o' ma"aRCr -< ^ ,*. C,Y ***?'** * * * -.'(ifcJfM dmcti1, r N- sZZZSL, OwT. LEY. director of safety. Momc-McCormack L.ucs, Inc.. New York, N. Y. mT Cm"~ . c,,,L'p~'-*-* uan,^kar. ami safely man ... . ''color, Mississippi Shipping co, iriiw ins|KTlioii OlVirrr, Hill Coat _g. mackrv ,,,w. - New York, N. Y.; CAPT. E. W. Marine dept. Stales Marine Lines, 5.1 i SFcJ - GOVERNMENT COMMITTEES FOR SAFETY IN NATIONAL DEFENSE < Chairman, Safely Policies for Regulations, Ship Inspections--R. ADM. H.' T. U. S. Coast Guard Headquarters, Washington, D. C.; R. ADM. HALERTi HEARD, USCG (Ret.), Washington, D. C. Chairman, Committee for Safety in National Defense Transportation--VICE; JOHN M. WILL, USN, Commander, Military Sea Transportation ton, D. C. Atlantic Area-R. ADM. DONALD T. ELLER, Commander, M.S.T.S., Bi -I# Pacific Area--R. ADM. H. S. PERSONS, Commander M.S.T.S., Fort Ms cisco, Calif. '< Eastern Atlantic and Mediterraneain Area--R. ADM. FRANK L. JOHSON, London, England, cto Navy 100i,, Fleet P.D., New York, N. Y. Western Pacific Area-R. ADM. G. C. WRIGHT, Commander M.S.T.S., Y: North Pacific Subarea--CAPT. N. A. LIDSTONR, Commander, M.S.TIScaltlc, Washington. Gulf Subarea--CAPT. J. H. BROWN, USN, Commander M.S.T.S., Gulf Orleans, La. Chairman, Safely Committee for U. S. Coast Guard--Safety Within the Si* LAWRENCE M. HARDING, safety director and assistant engineer-":: Coast Guard, Washington, D. C. Chairman, National Defense Transportation--Readiness--CAPT. M. I. GOOD time Administration, Washington, D. C. Chairman, Safely Committee for Longshoremen, Harbor Workers--RALPH W. STROM, Marine Safely Advisor, Bureau of Labor Standards, U. S. Labor, Washington, D. C. Chairman, U. S. Naval Shipyards Safely Committee--CAPT. H. L. MATH USN, director of safety, Office of Industrial Relations, Navy dept, W? Staff Representative--L. W. DUTTON, National Safety Council, Chicago^ ) l) TRANSMISSION REPORT *************************** DATE START TIME ; ; '. REMOTE TERMINAL IDENTIFICATION MODE FEB 15 10:38AM 14104482368 G3E ST 2145201181 ( FEB 15 '99 10:44AM ) TIME 06'06" ,,* RESULTS OK TOTAL PAGES 09 DEPT. FILE CODE NO. . ............ ... * * * * * * * * * * Jk >k >k >k sk >k >k >k 5K >k >k * >k >k 1957 National Safety Congress valve, operating from the press shaft, is used to interlock this circuit. There *re many different ways to air valve a press clutch or brake. Depending on the specific application, certain ways may OFFICERS OF THE be less hazardous than others. For the k>L in safely, other items, such is adeqtftK guarding and interlocking, are very hf portant and must also be given carcff consideration.^ AUTOMOTIVE AND* MACHINE SHOP SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 4 fitneral Chairman--W. C BARBER, senior safely engineer, Standard Accident Insurance i Co., Detroit, Mich. OFF-THE-JOB ACCIDENTS Statistics are such boresome things And figures rather dull. It's hundreds, millions, billions, trillions. Over which we mull. It's carelessness in little things At home and on the street Neglect in moving objects small Away from running feet. IH^r<PDieettrCoh'ta^iMrm'aTn,--"E~GDW. AR^DUDI.ERRA.HsDaEfe,lysuepnegrviniseoer--, CEhmrpylsoleyer eDBiveinseiofints, aCnhdrySsalefer tyC,oWrpe,st * inghouse Air Brake Co., Wilmerding, Pa. INeSwescleretttearryE--dGitIoLrBEWR.TEUA.GESNNEYDSETRU, FsFuIpNeGrv,isodri,recStaofretoyf asnadfetSy.anCitaartiroienr, CAollrips.-,CSliayhrnn-crs i- cMusaen,uNfa.ctYu.ring Co., LaPortc, Ind. . 1 Engineering Methods and Procedures Committee--GEORGE E. HUMPHREY (Cliair- man), safety director, Cadillac Div., General Motors Corp., Detroit, Mich.; DAN F. But facts are facts where ere we go A makeshift ladder, sliding rugs. BRADY, manager of safely, The Maytag Co., Newton, Iowa; WILLIAM E. GRUBER, manager. Safety Engineering Dept., Standard Accident Insurance Co., Regardless of amounts, So here's some facts on accidents. Electric cords that spark A disregard for cellar stairs Detroit, Mich.; JOHN R. MAGORIAN, director of safety. Federal Enameling St Stamping Co., Pittsburgh, Pa.; W. E. McKELDIN, safely supervisor, Westinghousc Electric Corp., Philadelphia, Pa.; D. T. MOULD, safety director, General Motors And that's what really counts. And stumbling in the dark. Corp., Detroit, Mich.; A. J. RUZICH, safety engineer, Chrysler Corp., Mopar Plant, Center Line, Mich.; ROBERT VERHAAREN, asst, safety director, Ford Instrument It isn't always big machines Crossing where no crossings arc Co., Div. of Sperry Rand Corp., Long Island City, N. Y.; C. A. DcMONGE, personnel director, Kelscy-Ilayes Wheel Co., Detroit, Mich.; CARL J. PETERSON, staff safety With blades of sharpened steel That rob a man of arm or leg And make his tenses reel. While looking at the sky, Driving on a slippery road With milestones whizzing by. engineer, Chrysler Corp., Detroit, Mich.; EUGENE E. GARRITY, safety director, Hunter Division, Robbins St Myers Inc, Memphis, Tcun.; ROE BOONE, safety engi neer, Procter Sc Gamble Defense Corp., Milan Arsenal, Milan, Tcnn.; MILTON A. RATHF.RT, safety director, C. Hager Sc Sons Hinge Co., St. 1-ouis, Mo.; JOSEPH MOORE, safety engineer, Schlage Lock Co., Hayshorc lilvd., San Francisco, Calif.; Nor is it always "on the job" Most accidents take place. But just the opposite is true And figures prove our case. These are the things that take a toll MORGAN OWENS, Chevrolet, Oakland Division, General Motors Corp., Oakland, Calif. We all should frown upon iEducation and Training Committee--O. J. PICKEL (Chariman), su|icrvisor, Safely nod So watch for them when off the job. As well as when you're on. t Medical Service, Wagner Electric Corp., St, Loins, Mo.; W. EUGENE STUFFING, director of safe!)', Carrier Corp., Syracuse, Ni tY;J ROBERT BEESON, safety super visor, Hagerstown Plant Perfect Circle Corp., Hagerstown, Ind.; JOHN E. KANE, fc' supervisor of safely, Temstedt Division, General Motors Corp., Trenton Plant, Trenton, -Humble Pipe Line Company, Houston, Tti t N. J.; WILLARD KERR, associate professor, Illinois institute of Technology, 000301 ?` Chicago, III.; DANIEL G. SULLIVAN, safety director, Pittsburgh Screw and Bolt E Corp., S-out`h Pittsburgh, ~Bend, Ind.; EP_._a_C_.;LAAHRUUKVGOiWrnOP/AOEDTnEWnR'AtSnROnDN,, dmimreaacnntaaoggreeorr -f 0os1fa-fettrrtaayii.nniAinn' ,gg,,O,BBSeennmddiiitxxh CCoorrpp,, Corp, t Milwaukee, Wis.; I. W. YOUNG. International Harvester Ox. Chicago, TIT; if.HOWARD R. HANSEN, SR, Safer-.- Err:reer. A::r Trsn-rr-ss-rn Div, Ford Motor Co, Ur:-..---zr.lz. .'fir LE--O --.....V...C. .'*..-...... tWoHo. E^t y.rie .-..ii.-. Robfer-J --r 7`. 21"--z HPNjppr*- . :-s==~ ` JO OFFICERS OF THE POWER PRESS AND FORGING SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Slaff Representative--HARRY C. JOHNSON. National Safely Council, Chicago, 111, General Chairman--T. A. KRAKOW, director of safety, I)eere & co,, Motinc, III. Vice Chairman--G D. BKA1NERD, safety director, Olds Purge I'lanl, Oldstnobilc div., I General Motors corp., Lansing, Midi. itereIary--FRANK HAUSMAN, safely engineer, Employers Mutual l.iatiiiily Ins. co. of Wisconsin, River Forest, 111. fragrant Chairman--JAMES McCl.lAMANS, safely sn|icrvisor, Wesllnghowsc Eicrlric corp., Sharon, Fa. hgineering and Technical I'ublications Committer Chairmen--WILLIAM II. BERRY, superintendent, forge div., International Harvester co. Tractor Works, Chicago, III.; ROBERT A. IIKYDKN, chief, electrical and. maintenance dept.. Western Klccliir co., Chicago, III. Uncalion and Training Committee Chairman--THOMAS H. DULLARD, safety manager. The Build co.. Philadelphia, Fa. Wic Relations Committer Chairman--DONALD W. STITT, ass't. general manager, industrial relations, Continental Can co., New York, N. Y. Umbership Committee Chairman--GEORGE M. JOHNSON, safely director, Dichoid Inc., Canton, Ohio `f thc-Job Safely Committee Chairman--HAROLD F. LILLIE, director. Safety Council of Greater Lansing, Lansing, Midi. ewslctter Editor--GEORGE R. ORTH, stall assistant, Accident Prevention, WcsMnghotisc Electric co., Pittsburgh, Pa. 'If Representative--ARTHUR S. KELLY, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. ^embers: JOHN D. ALI.EN, safety director, Wyman-tiordon, Worcester, Mass.; HOWARD BUSS, safety director, Oneida Limited. Oneida, N. Y.; CHARLES It. CANNON, education div., Dept, of Labor, State of Illinois, Chicago, III.; JOHN A. CHURCHILL, safety service dept., Allis-Gialmcrs Mfg. co., Milwaukee, Wis.; HAROLD A. DASCHNKR, managing director. Pressed Metal Institute, Cleveland, Ohio; WILLARD A. DUDLEY, dept, of fire prevention and safety, Eastman Kodak cn.. Kodak Park Works, Rochester, N. Y.j `GIVEN H. DUGGER, director, health H'nd safety div., U.S.A.E.C., Allniquercptc Operations Office, Albui|ucrquc, N. M.; MCLYDE 0. ENOCHS, safely director, Chevrolet--Flint div., General Motors cotp., Flint, Mich.; `ARTHUR R. GRAHAM, supervising safety engineer, Chicago District. Bituminous Casualty corp., Chicago, III.; `WALTER L. I1ANAU, assistant superintendJwmt, engineering dept., The Fidelity & Casually Co. of New York, Chicago, III.; *ED- WARD A. HESSMER, director of safety, The Oliver corp., South Bend, Ind.; WILIpLIAM A. ISAACSON, safety director, L. A. Young corp., Detroit, Mich.; HOUSTON H|B. LAMBERT, safety supervisor, A, C. F. Industries, Inc,, Buffalo, N, Y rRANK W. [ m MARCACCiO, chief, industrial inspection div., Rhode Island Dept OhajljB dence, R. I,; M. (MIKE) MCCARTHY, safety consultant Colunibui'McT* ` corp., Detroit, Mich.; E. II. MEEKS, personnel and safety dircctorjTn liams Steel Forging corp., Alliance, Ohio; ELI D. MILLER, manager,''S of South Bend, South Bend, Ind.; CARL J. PETERSON, staff safety eq. Icr corp., Detroit, Mich.; *G. DEWEY REED, safety engineer, Lansing fag Underwriters, Lansing, Mich.; E. D. SALLEE, company supervisor 'of afa industrial hygiene, American Can co., New York, N. Y.; J. ROBERT SCO Parrish Pressed Steel co., Reading, Pa.; WILLIAM H. SLAGER, wwfcM| visor, International Harvester co., Tractor Works, Chicago, III.; GEORGE J" safety director, John Deere Planter Works of Deere & Co., Moline, IllYf PILLAT, M.D., The Oliver ,j:orp., South Bend, lnd.; `EDWIN J.!'r district safely supervisor, American Brake Shoe co.. Chicago. III.; GEOR staff engineer, Clcaringl Machine corp., div. of U.-S. Industries, Inc^jC Former General Chairman 34 v v, v u x V 9 " . A/ftithp industry .' INCENTIVE AWARDS FOR GOOD SAFETY be the best basis on which to make a dv. - and selection of awards wflf,`gb explained This basis had several advantages, lg^-talcr in this paper. .jjT RECORDS IN THE MINING INDUSTRY which were: By every employee receiving an award by JOHN McKENNA SMITH safety engineer. Asbestos Corporation Limited. Thctford Mines. Quebec, Canada a. Within our reporting or tabor ac counting set-up, this figure could lie easily reported by the timekeeping departments daily. we are eliminating two employee opposi tions to an Incentive plan: a. They feel they work to establish the safely record and then the supervisor b. If a lost time accident occurs on any receives the reward. Tins paper deals with the application of safety incentives at Asbestos Corporaliou| j Limited in Thelford Mines, Quebec. Awards) | for safety achievments have been used by this company for the past six years. This period compared to an equivalent period before the award program shows the acci-i dent experience has improved appreciably. To attribute the improved experience solely to safety incentives would be incor rect because supervisory training and re vised and improved methods have helped our accident prevention program. Never theless, no single feature has been more instrumental in making our workers safety conscious than safely incentives. Asbestos Corporation Limited is engaged in the mining and milling of asbestos ores in the Thetford Mines--Black Lake district of Quebec. Some 2,000 men arc employed, operating three plants with a large expan sion program in progress at one of them. Each plant consists of a mine, a mill, main- day during the month, it is not neces 2. Iflic employees should know their sary to wait until a new period before landing during the time the plan is in ; another no-accident record can start. ioperation. ' The awards or incentives should be The objectives were set so that once the distributed to as many employees as first was reached, the group continued to possible. amass consecutive shifts since the last lost time accident. When the second or third I'4. One group of employees should not '. be penalized for the poor performance of another group. p objectives are reached, awards of greater value arc distributed. 5. Tangible prizes arc belter than ntone- i < To be more specific, groups or plant divisions are awarded safety incentives after lary awards. >> 10,000, 25,000 and 50,000 shifts without a 6. The safety incentive plan must be wn- j lost time accident. The value of the award derstood by all employees. < at 25,000 shifts is! approximately two and Management accepted a safety incentive one-half times the value at 10,000 although plan based on these principles, and it began on November 1st, 1951. It is still in opera only 15,000 consecutive shifts have been added to the total. \ tion. I will clalioralc on each principle and show how these principles were applied by our company. The success of the plan is due to strict adherence to the basic prin EMPLOYEES KNOW WHERE THEY STAND The employees should know their relation to the objective when the plan is in opera tion. i ciples. This principle is extremely important in b. Many feel if their names were placed in a box and one name drawn for a safety award, their name would cer tainly not be drawn. In other words, they are just not lucky in lotteries. All production and maintenance employees, the plant supervisory and clerical staff, and watchmen are eligible for safety awards. Head office staff, laboratory employees and a group at our non-operating properties are not included in the plan. One group of employees should not be penalized for the poor performance of another group. When setting up a safety incentive plan based on group incentives, have groups or units of employees who do the same woik. The groups should not be too large. Ton many employees might be penalized for (liepoor safely performance of a small propor tion of the group. Since this is a group effort, it requires good teamwork and it is amazing to see how older employees advise tcnance shops and facilities for the storage GOALS EASY TO ATTAIN any work where an ^objective is being at new men on unsafe manner. and shipping of bagged asbestos. INCENTIVE PLAN Six years ago the safety department of Asbestos Corporation Limited examined sev eral plans to improve the safety record of the company. If accident prevention could be constantly before the worker, the accident frequency and severity would decrease. This would lower the compensation rate, since this company operates on a merit rating basis within the rate structure set by the Quebec Workmen's Compensation Commis sion for the Quebec Asbestos Mining As sociation. A safely incentive plan was proposed to management based on the following prin ciples : 1. The goals for safely awards should be realistic and possible to attain by any group which would pay particular attention to accident prevention. Before proposing any safety incentive plan, it is advisable to review the past experience of the company and of other organizations in the same industry. This review or survey will guide in setting objec tives for safety awards. It would indeed be unrealistic to base objectives on a yearly frequency of five Inst time accidents per million man hours of exposure when your best previous fre quency has been 20 and that of the industry 12. In other words examine your records and set your objectives so they may be reached by extra effort in the field of acci dent prevention. Do not expect miracles and do not set the objectives so high the employees will feel they cannot attain these objectives. At Asbestos Corporation Limited, our survey of past experience and local condi tions indicated that consecutive man-shifts worked without a lost time accident would tained. Everyone is familiar with the ther The breakdown of each plant for the mometer chart used in charitable campaigns safety incentive plan followed the main and war bond drives. 'For the safety incen working divisions: i.e., mine, mill, shops tive plan at Asbestos'{Corporation Limited, or maintenance, and general or yard labor. bulletin lioards at the plant entrances or in Each group is a unit which operates inde the punch clock rooms, showed the number pendently in the plan. If a lost time acci of consecutive man-shifts worked since the dent occurs in the mill, it does not affect jast lost time accident for each group operat the records of other groups. ing as a unit. These boards are kept up-to- date daily by the timekeeping department.. at the plant. The groups are not equal in size but by setting the objectives on the basis of con secutive man-shifts worked since the last MANY AWARD WINNERS The awards or incentives should be dis tributed to as many employees as possible. lost time accident, the exposure to injury is equal for all groups. The objectives are the same for all groups. There were several objections to Several plans operate with the supervisory this; many employees maintained their work employees rewarded for safety records es was more hazardous and should therefore tablished by their workers. Other plans receive a handicap. Our experience however, allow so many awards per department or has shown that the equal objectives for all per 100 employees. We distribute awards groups were justified. This is a point to to each employee of the department or plant study carefully before an incentive plan is division cligihlc under the plan. The cost put into operation. 20 21 .1 000305 1957'National Safety Congress It Is preferable to distribute useful items as safety awards than to give the equivalent in cash. Many companies distribute individ ual pins, or departmental trophies. This certainly advertises the accident prevention program but a pocket knife, wallet or some small tool is a constant reminder of acci dent prevention. The distribution of useful items has been quite popular among our employees. ' The safety incentive plan must be under stood by all employees. This basic principle applies to any incentive plan initiated and operated by a business organization. When the safety incentive plan began, notices were posted on all company bulletin boards ex plaining its operation. Meetings with super visors illustrated in more detail just how the plan would work. When new employees are hired, the plan is explained in the pre employment interview. To recapitulate briefly the safety incentive plan of Asbestos Corporation Limited: Each operating plant is subdivided into four sec tions which operate independently in estab lishing safety records of consecutive man shifts worked without a lost time accident. When one of the following objectives is . ' '-I l'yrcx ware, two tools, i.e., table hand laigxhet,erpsl,ietm*;-ixtainpges.bowls;...ihginrMdaimchaateddutarhinnegaimctthipvereovpseuamspetenrfvtiviseionryytheteararssi.naifneIgtyspherOaxl| To illustrate the range of awards distrib perience since the inception of the safet uted over the past five and a half years, incentive plan and point out some features the following list for each series of awards^ which might be directly attributable to acci has been compiled: ' dent prevention awards. I:irsl Award (10,000 shifts) Table I is a breakdown of our accident Mixing bowls, flashlights, table lighters,?! experience from 19-17 through 1956. This playing thirds, ash trays, pipes, thermos bot-.-- period was chosen because it illustrates a ties, we$tot wrenches, combination squares,'1 period of five years, 1947 through 1951, ipmmcrs, tinners' snips, hand axes, wrench prior to the introduction of the safely in sets, ball point pens and razors. V?| centive plan and a five year period, 1952-56, Second Award (25)000 shifts) '' that the plan has been in operation. Steak knives, Silex coffee makers, bill folds, vises, can openers, casting rods, pipe* ' Tables II and III are a compilation anti iverage of these two five-year periods. fwrenches, pocket watches, a cash allowance These records indicate an improvement on a pair of safety shoes and First Aid kits since the inception of the safety incentive Third Award (50,000 shifts) ' This is reached on an average of once a year by one of the sections within the com pany. The awards consist of: safety foot wear, flash cantcra, carving set, socket wrench set, aluminum chairs and in some cases, combinations of two 25,000 shift awards. plan. When the compensation cost plus the '. incentive cost for the 1952-56 period is com ' pared to the compensation cost alone for the IM7-51 period, we find a yearly average saving of over $30,000, and this in a period when the compensation benefits as well as the wages were increasing. A downward trend has started in the ac cident frequency, severity and costs when Fourth Award (75,000 shifts) the incentive plan was introduced. However, prominent feature after thft|Mtintinn 'safety incentives was the sharp function st ^ime accidents jovftWmtonc to Once fost time. When the TfhflOfBtt re alized that this was a "team" or group con test, everyone co-operated In not losing time for minor injuries, a practice prevalent in previous years. - The company encouraged employees to re turn to work by allowing them to relocate to a less arduous task for a short period of time if the work would have to be done during the course of operations. The .application, of safely incentives at Asbestos Corporation Limited in Thctford Mines has achieved the results desired since the plan was formulate and introduced, i.e., an improvement in our safety record and a decrease in compensation costs. Safety incentives when properly applied will produce the following results: a. The workers will become more safety conscious. b. The compensation costs will decrease. c. Accident frequency and severity will improve. d. Workers will srrrpt the .>f>iv p- gram mmr rriditv wlr-i t1 < v. " reached, 10,000, 25,000, or 50,000 and so on This mark has been reached once by one it is quite definite that the introduction of realize that iuau.u:<mrnt u mil in 25,000-shift increments, each employee section. At the request of the majority of safety awards accelerated the improvement compensate (hem for safety aihieve- is entitled to a safety award if lie has the employees in this section and with the in accident prevention. ' mcnts.zdk worked at least 75 per cent of the time in that section during the period the record or objective, was being established. If a lost time accident occurs in a section, the cumulated man-shifts drop to zero and a fresh start is made. SELECTING AWARDS FOR SAFETY The selection of suitable awards is im portant. When employees arc eligible for awards, they are entitled to the choice of one of five or six items. The system used by Asbestos Corporation Limited entails more work and possibly approval of management, instead of increas ing the value of the individual awards as we do for the first three objectives, each employee received an award in the 25,000 shift range and a drawing was made for Tear two television sets, installed in the em 1IM7 ployees' homes complete with outdoor an IMS IMS tenna. Needless to say this created considerable 1*0 1K1 1*2 interest in accident' prevention throughout 1153 the company. The president, the general 1951 1955 manager and other top comiiany officials, 1356 were present for the drawing. The event was covered by the local press and some l,oci TAIILK I ANALYSIS OF ACCIDENT EXPERIENCE, COMPENSATION AND SAFETY INCENTIVE CU8T8, 1SI7-I0.1 Lost No Loit Time Tim# Aee. Accident! ! nn .Lost Honrs of Fre- Se Expoiare qaeney verity Compen sation Cost 232 15R 102 132 01 5-1 6230 ` 52 38 198 6.924 266 10.127 156 16,231 200 15,036 216 1,602 139 8,192 203 7,712 232 7.781 257 1.G12 252 1.168 4.111.298 1.629,167 . 1,111,106 1,182,117 1.361.799 1.111.217 1.062,836 1,177.222 1.887.010 1,299,612, -, 62.0 31.1 82.6 29.6 20.8 19.1 16.6 6.9 11.9 8.8 1300 2190 1860 3350 307 2065 1006 1860 363 272 $121,017 32.616 60.061 102.688 22.911 22.178 33.319 26,886 31,262 29,173 TABLE H Ineentiro Cost $ 9,365 6.613 0.795 7,575 7,391 has some disadvantages but it is more acceptable to our employees. If we decided everyone was- to receive a flashlight or a pen knife there would be many: complaints about how many our men already had; local correspondents for the Metropolitan dailies. When another group reaches the 75,000 shift mark a drawing for an expen sive award will be made only' if it is the expressed wish of the majority of employees Period 1967-Bt 1352-56 Lost Tlmo Arc. 715 236 SAFETY INCENTIVE COSTS" 1#I7-1951, 1953-19M No Lost ' Time nays Acrldrnts Lost Honrs of Fro- Sc- Exposure qaenry verity 1.011 1.163 17.820 26,726 21.076,172 83.9 2270 21,069.816 11.2 1268 Compen sation Cost $339,296 116,818 Incentlro Cost $10,732 therefore, it is wise to allow & choice of awards, The decision of the five or six items is made along the following principle: two personal items, i.e., pocket knife, flash light, lighter; two items for the home, i.e., of the section. ' Anyone in accident prevention knows it is difficult to attribute improvement in safety experience to any one item. Asbestos Cor poration Limited has been constantly chang ing and improving working methods, aid TA11LR IH COMPARISON OF AVERAOE YEARLY ACCIDENT EXPERIENCE, COMPENSATION Period 1947-61 1952-66 Lout Tlmo Arc. 143 47 AND SA1-ETY INCENTIVE COSTS, 1947-1951, 1952-/b58 No Taftftt Tima Accidents 209 231 Days Lost 9.661 6,315 Hoars of Exposure 4.215.094 4.213,969 Fre quency 33.9 n.2 Se verity 2270 1268 Compen sation Cost $ 67.859 29,361 Incen tive Cost $ 8.117 22 2i OFFlLcRS OF THE MINING SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 lislics Committee--JOHN C. MACHISAK (Chairman), chief, Accident Branch U. S. Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. dysis itfety Promotion Committee--ALLEN D. LOOK (Chairman), U. S. Bureau of Mines. Federal Building, Duluth, Minn.; GEORGE SALI, Mining Congress Journal, Wash ington, D. G; ALVIN W. KNOERR, Engineering ft Mining Journal. New York. N. Y.; GEORGE O. AKGALL, JR, Mining World, San Francisco, Calif.; CHRIS MAMEN, Canadian Mining Journal, Gardenvalc, Quebec, Canada; DAVID N. SKILLINGS. Skillings Milling Review, Duluth, Minnesota. General Chairman--H. SLOANE, director of safety division, Mining Association of B. C,' Vancouver, B. C First Vice-Chairman--S. E. SHARP, Tennessee Chopper co., Copperhill, Tenn. ,{| Hygiene and Ventilation Committee--JOHN W. WARREN (Chairman). Anaconda co, Butte, Mont.; ED. LEONARD, Inland Steel co, ishpeming, Mich.; DONALD S. KINGERY, Mine Ventilation Section, U. S. Bureau of Mines, Pittsburgh, Pa. Second Vice-Chairman--C R. NELL, B^hlehem Cornwall corp., Cornwall, Pa. 'embers-at-Large--*R, F. WILSON, Oliver Iron Mining div, U. S. Steel corp, Dttlulh, Minn.; *JOE T. WILLIAMS, Bunker Hill and Sullivan Mining and Concentration Third Vice-Chairman--ROGER F. A. THEW, safety engineer, Steep Rock Iron Mts Limited, Steep Rock, Ontario. * company, Kellogg, Idaho; *GEORGE GEDGE, Phelps Dodge corp. Copper Queen Branch, Bisbee, Aril.; *OSCAR A. GLAESER, U. S. Smelting, Refining and Mining , co. Salt Lake City, Utah; *A. J. STROMQUIST, Cleveland Cliffs Iron co, Ishpeming, Newsletter Editor--R. G. WARNCKE, Bureau of Mines, Washington, D. C. i. Mich.; *CLIFFORD GIBSON, Mines Accident Prevention Association of Ontario, 'Timmins, Ontario, Canada; *GEORGE GERRY, Pickands Mather & co, Ironwood, Assistant Newsletter Editors--Lake Superior District, F. D. WOLEBEN, Oliver In* Mich.; *R. F. WILSON, Oliver Iron Mining Division, U. S. Steel corp, Duluth, Minn. Mining Division, U. S. Steel corp, Virginia, Minn.; Eastern District, JOSEPH WEEKS, New Jersey Zinc company, Franklin, N. J.; Southeastern District, M. F. )tsf Representative--CLINTON II. IIOCH, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. THOMPSON, American Zinc company, Mascot, Tenn.; Western District, W. LYNH HART, American Smelting and Refining company. Wallace, Idaho; Central District, Part General Chairman H. B. HUTCHENS. Fayle-Pirhfr Mining anrf Smrliingr company, Miami, Okla.; South western District, PAUL HUNTER, Chino Mines division, Kennecott Copper company, Hurley, N. M.; Ontario District, ROGER F. A. THEW, safety engineer, Steep Rod Iron Mines Ltd, Steep Rock, Ontario, Canada; Quebec District, J. E. BERRIDGE Quebec Asbestos Mining Association. Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Eastern Camdt District, JOHN ABBISS, Buchans Mining company, Buchans, Newfoundland, Canada; Western Canada District, IVAN H. SLOANE, director of safety division, Minin| Association of B. C. Vancouver, B. C. Entertainment Committee Chairman--J. T. RYAN, JR, Mine Safety Appliances co, Pittsburgh, Pa. Engineering Committee--J. M. SMITH (Chairman), Asbestos Corporation Ltd.. Tlietford Mines, Quebec, Canada; JOHN B. BIKER, Consolidated Mining & Smelting co. Ltd of Canada, Trail, British Columbia, Canada; DALE J. BROWN,. Nevada Mines divi sion, Kennecott Copper corp, Magill, Ncv.; GEORGE A. BORGESON, M. A. Hanna co, Hibbing, Minn. i. < Membership Committee--AL KOLU (Chairman), Pickands Mather & co, Duluth, Mina.; WALTER E. MONTGOMERY. Montreal, Quebec, Canada; CLIFFORD GIBSON, , Mines Accident Prevention Association of Ontario, Timmins, Ontario, Canada; if EMMETT K.OLSON, JR, Kennecott Copper Corp, Utah Copper Div, Salt Lake City, Utah; NEAL H. GEORGE, Quebec Metal Mines Accident Prevention Association Quebec, Canada. Program Committee--JOHN A. JOHNSON (Chairman), U.'S. Bureau of Mines, Wash ington, D. C.; A. W. NESS, American Smelting & Refining co. Salt Lake City, Utah; MAURICE LA FONTAINE, Department of Mines, Montreal, Quebec, Carafe JOSEPH HALL, Reserve Mining company, Silver Bay, Minn. Poster and Visual Aids Committee--HERBERT A. WENDEL (Chairman), The AnacuA company, bureau of safety, Butte, Mont.; A. W. NESS, American Smelting & refinnf company, Salt Lake City, Utah; A. J. STROMQUIST, Cleveland-Cliffs Iron co, hh-, peming, Mich.; M. C. M. POLLARD. National Gvnsum co.. Buffalo, N. Y.; J. It HARKINS, The Anaconda co, Butte, Montana; P. C. SIMMONS, Phelps-Dodge Morenci, Arizona. 46 47 OFFICER* OF THE COMMERCIAL VEHICLE SECTION V-.Ilssll'P NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 W .; J. I- HUGHES, diiccltn ol milcty, Snullicin California Eirighl Lines, i..,-, | Angeles, Calif.; II. B. LOWUEN, plant safely supervisor, I'acilic Telephone ft Tcle'Cgraph co., San Francisco, Calif.; B. E. McENTEE, general safety manager, Denver ' Chicago Trucking co,, Inc., Denver, Colo.; R. O. OLSON, safely director, Daw Dugan Oil & Transport co., Sioux Falls, S. Dak.; W. C. TAYLOR, director, iiersnnucl and safely, Ringshy Truck Lines, Inc., Denver, I'ubi, .(Burton; \Y. M. A1CI1ER, employee relations, II, S. Brewers Eoimdalion, Inc., New i York, N. Y.; N. E. AIKIN, director of industrial relations, Commercial Motor Freight, General Chairman--F. S. LAKE, director of Grand Rapids, Mich. safety, Interstate Motor Freight System, Incf Inc., Columbus, Ohio; C. D. CALKINS, director of safely, Pacific Motor Trucking co., San Francisco, Calif.; E. G. COX, chief, section <' motor carrier safety, Interstate Commerce Commission. Washington, D. C.; E. J. EMOND, director, automotive safety, Fire Chairman--KARL SCHULZE, senior safety engineer, Standard Oil co. of Califomii Armour and co., Chicago, III.; W. T. GO WENS, director, safety and personnel, Pilot Western Operations, Inc., San Francisco, (Calif. Freight Carriers, Inc., Winston-Salem, N. C.; H. K. 1IALBROOKS, director, accident Secretary--L. F. PURVES, superintendent, Toronto Star, Ltd., Toronto, Ontario, Cm* Immediate Past General Chairman--K. N. BEADLE, director of safety, Pacific 1st mountain Express, Oakland, Calif. prevention div., National Automobile Transporters Assn., Detroit, Mich.; A. L. HAUCK, ti .director, safety and imblic relations, Transportation Underwriters, Inc., Indianapolis, 'Bind.; J. I'. HIGHTOWER, director of transportation and safely, The Greyhound Corp., ICkkago, 111.; II. R. HOSEA, director ol research, National Assn, of Motor Bus Standing Committee Chairmen: Program--S. E. NELSON, superintendent of safely, Burlington Truck Lines, Inc., Galy burg, III. ' ,' Contest--J. A. DePEW, director of safety and personnel, Dohrn Transfer co., Rock Il(: III. Driver Award--N. J. BLEAU, safety director, Automobile Shippers, Inc., Detroit, MiI Membership--J. W. JACOBSON, director, accident control div., F. J. Boutell Driwaw .(Operators, Washington, D. C; M. R. JENSEN, vice president, Consolidated Frcight- ways, Inc., ImtiaitaiNilis, Ind.: 1C. B. KELLOGG, secretary. Milk Industry Foundation, ''Washiiiglnu, I). C.: W. G. MACINTOSH, manager, engineering dept., Hartford Accifcnt and Indemnity co.. New York, N. Y.; A, E. NEYIIART, administrative head, The # Pennsylvania Stale University, University Park, I'a.; R. N. PAPICH, safely consultant, iC American Gas Assn., New York, N. Y.; F. J. WIRKEN, director, safety and personnel, |tterstate Bakeries Corp., Kansas City, Mo. , RrprrxrnhifiVr: AL FINCH, National Safely Council, Chicago, 111. co., Inc., Flint, Mich. Regional Chairmen: :-m Central--J. H. WASPI, director of safety and driver personnel, Allied Van Lines, IscJ Broadview, III. ,. * Eastern--B. A. RENNOLDS, safety director, Virginia Stage Lines, Inc., ChaTl ville, Va. Southern--W. L. FRIGON, director of industrial relations, Hcnnis Freight Lines, Ii Winston-Salem, N. C. Western--A. S. LOMBARDI, safely and personnel director, Western Truck Lines, IjQ Los Angeles, Calif. .Vi Members-at-large: Central: E. M. BARBER, director of safely and personnel, Scherer Freight Lanes, Ii Ottawa, III.; J. L. CANTRELL, safety manager, Miller Brewing co., Milwaukee, Wki E. A. HATFIELD, safety director, Coca Cola Bottling co., St. Louis, Mo.; R. ` MOSIMAN, director of safety and personnel, Riss & co., Inc., Kansas City, Mo.; G. ROSS, director of safety and compliance. Frozen Food Express, Dallas, Texas;** fj Eastern: T. J. BIDDLE, administrator, motor vehicle safety, U. S. Post Office Washington, D. C.; W. A. DUFFY, director of safety and personnel, The David Transfer & Storage co., Baltimore, Md.; C. E. EH REN BERGER, manager, operath dept., Standard Brands, Inc., New York, N. Y.; J. W. LUMPKIN, manager, saft Railway Express Agency, Inc., New York, N. Y.; G. L. SMITH, assistant vice | dent. Motor Cargo, Inc., Akron, Ohio. Southern: W. W. CARTER, director, safety and personnel, Johnson Motor Lines, I* Charlotte, N. C.; H. R. GRANT, JR., safely director, Deaton Truck Lines, Bin ham, Ala.; J. E. REID, director of safety and personnel. Central Motor Lines, 1 Charlotte, N. C.; E. J. STEVENS, transportation manager, Atlanta Newspapers,! Atlanta, Ga.; II. T. WALTON, director, dept, of safely, McLean Trucking Winston-Salem, N. C. 000307 SB sv /{|^National Safety congress OGoaua v Occupational T-Jcallli Nursing Section til given lo this. In maintaining a safe bat it. As industrial nurses you can do your * V;n*lired by legal action. D< ible working plant, however, all three must be given part by learning more about the haiardsiini*Jwtcon^'*'ons as contrasted to aijljnimal legally qual importance. your own plant, and then by being everTKIjsllowablc conditions have fitiAv^-invornblc Since asphyxia has become an increasing ready to act immediately. By applying yuour 'igaJPKil which pay off in the long run, both >hreat in our rr >re complex industrial world, knowledge and skills you may be able to re*- JIVndirectly and indirectly, t behooves us ai1 lo do our utmost to com* store breathing and save humain llfe.aiik i ;< Mfl Now occupational disease must embrace *many tilings: the pneumoconioses, the dcr- |mitoses and the many toxic exposures. The hazard of uncontrolled exposure of lead OCCUPATINOENWALTHREENADLST,^,INPROGRAMS 'jfutnes, benzol, carbon tetrachloride, beryl lium, cadmium, triclilorclhylcne, insecticides, 1 and now more recently radioactive materials ve opened a new field for exploration. :eids. products and proces&is. Industry produced large quantities of nigh quality products IkjiIi old and llfcw;"Ttfld as expeditiously as possible with due regard lo health and safely ol the people producing. With the wartime economy, programs previously considered too expensive suddenly began. The cost plus war contracts allowed the introduction of tilings long wanted and considered worth while. In the health field particularly these programs were favored. WAR EXPANDED INDUSTRY SAFETY jv INDUSTRY FOLLOWED LEGISLATION by DR. H. GLENN GARDINER medical director, Indiana Harbor Works, Inland Steel co., East Chicago, Ind. . ,With, the coming of O.D. acts, people nalized the need for promoting occupa tional Health programs in industry. The The inclusion of the words "trends" and little known or rarely seen today: functional existing units in city, county and state `new" necessitate establishing a base from knowledge of fluid and electrolyte balance, f\ health departments were expanded--new de which to launch. To identify the subject matter, I avoid i he highly technical changes in the complex lield of chemistry generally and the atomic nergy area particularly. The more technical phases of these special fields seldom conem the nurse and few physicians. Yet, the early postoperative ambulation, internal fixa- j lion materials (metal alloys) used in bone surgery such as intramedullary pins and plates better tolerated by the tissues. Plastic and metal suture materials producing little or no tissue reaction are further examples of technical progress in traumatic surgery, j triments were established where none ex iled before. Large industry found it ecornmic to seek their help. Where the prob- lens 4rere great and the demand exceeded the existing facilities, some of the more loresigittcd industries developed their own programs. impact of these developments is felt throngh- Amphetamines and antihistamines have come Large casually insurance carriers respon rnt the industry. into their own. sible lot the smaller industries pursued the Going back to the beginning trends in ccupational health in 1937 we will first dis- WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION LAWS course of enlightened preventive medicine beyond the field of simple mechanical prin uss the field of patient care. Few impor- Secondly, 1937 was the year of legal ciples ojf safety. Other allied groups, dedi- lant medications used then arc still in use awareness of occupational disease. For the calcd t(t saving life and limb created or ex oday. Of course, the principles of good, first time industry and the business firms panded *uch programs, notably, the National lean, basic surgical care have not changed, concerned with Workmen's Compensation Safely Council, flic American Medical As jjhinte antiseptics today were then new and were forced to take cognizance of liability sociation and tlie Industrial Hygiene Fnnn- till to prove themselves. Tetanus antitoxin for certain occupational diseases. datiom IVc-cmploymcnt physical Tcxamina- v*i widely uset,', but their problem of scrum itkness and various other potential allergic phenomena attendant to its use are still with tl today. Immunization of large groups with booster shot folloW-ups was not yet prac ticed. . The big bad monster was silicosis. How well f remember the fear and consternation in Industry and Casually ' Insurance Car riers of Workmen's Compensation when leg islation enforced these responsibilities. So little was known about the disease at that tions, including chest x-rays, were' desirable in most. industries and a must in others. Selecting! placement became a reality to em ploy certain people without liability risks to employers. Occupational health was influenced by the None of our present battery of chemo time. The widespread industrial exposure effects Of World War II. Even before the therapeutic and antibiotics were then avail to free silica was fantastic. Some people United' States became an active participant, able. There were such things as antitoxins, predicted total bankruptcy for industry and industry moved into high gear production- 'ptcific antisera, vaccines of general and the allied insurance people. Time and rea wise. /The resultant attendant hazards were specific types, the mysterious bacteriophages son have taken the place of fear. apparent and often resulted from constant smd immunogens being used witli hope, but (he effectiveness never approached the suc cess we now routinely anticipate with our medicines. Silicosis is known, but completely con trollable in our modern industry by better housekeeping, improved handling techniques, substitution of safer, yet suitable materials demands for increasing quality, as well as quantity. With active war declared, gov ernmental agencies were concerned both di rectly and indirectly in all plants handling Many adjuncts of yesteryear are little and where necessary, the use of personal war or defense contracts. used or unknown today. Similarly, the dis protective equipment. Management has been Their concern was not limited to sabotage eases they were calculated to control are compelled to change its attitude or be pe- alone, but included development of new With the O.D. acts and World War II, occupational health came of age and gath ered momentum. The unprecedented post war prosperity has been a potent factor. The creation of new groups and expansion of old groups represented physicians, nurses, hygienists, dentists and physicians. A board of occupational health as a subspccialty of preventive medicine with public health and aviation medicine has come into being. Spe cial training at postgraduate level is now available in number of medical schools for special degrees certifying training and pro ficiency in ll is field. Competition exists between the various or ganizations representing the interests of the professional people but it is a healthy, co operative competition, adding to the accom plishments of each other and the ultimate goals of all. In the field o( occupational health, safety and health are inseparable. Industry has learned that it is economic to give formal attention' to matters pertaining to health and safety. Large industries provide their own. small industries buy from or though insur ance carriers or groups providing medical, dental, nursing, hygiene, engineering or other applicable services. More professional peo ple are''devoting part or all their time to problems related to occupational licallh than ever before. Permanent impairment, time lost from work and the mortality and moibidity of occupational origin is at an all time low per unit produced. Our old problems are largely controlled, and new problems anticipated and minimized. Those escaping temporarily are soon identified, classified and dealt with. More and more the expert is called during the planning stage. By this means the recog nizable hazard in the new product or process 14 IS 1957 National Safety Congress \; * ' 000399 Occupa&mal Health Nursing Section is considered and often with great economic treatment and new techniques with present | resentatives of joint H^mittees of medical so despised -ihJ principle by many of us. advantage. The delay in marketing a prod medications hastens healing' with less pro- ! specialists and others VuM icleasing conclu There is no" roubt that there arc many uct after discovering an unsafe process can duction time loss and less permanent im sions on the basis of {(gjj&iilsent knowledge ' ' piople'diScfVtnff of help from public funds, be disastrous. Materials or procedures can pairment residual. Union Health Centers for guidance. We can not yet say with yet this scarcely constitutes reason for call be altered when anticipating a toxic hazard are daily assuming a more important role reasonable certainty some of the tilings that ing upon Workmen's Compensation benefits of intolerable scope will occur. in the health matters of the worker, his must be said and sustained before legisla at the immediate expense of industry to family and the community. ; tion amends the Workmen's Compensation pay compensation for conditions not even CONTROL ENVIRONMENT FOR HEALTH Environmental controls by the engineering Far more nurses are employed in indus-, tryi and their presence and proper functions; [Laws. I Workmen's Compensation is a means of remotely related to the man's job, simply because there is presently no other place and occupational hygiene approach in the ar^ better understood and supported by man-! providing a cost of living during periods wherein money can be made available to better organized plants give attention I to agiment. The need for their collaboration, - of disability due to occupational illness or him. Industry has been and continues to be minute details. Not only hazards, but tpti- with the physician responsible for the plants |njury and to offset the loss of future lire whipping boy of our inadequate social sance problems receive attention. Dust, gas, smoke, fumes and vapors which may be a community, as well as a plant problem, are seen. The very presence of these things in some manufacturing processes may indicate an inefficient or uneconomic operation, and correction would serve a multiple benefit. Also, under this general program are food available to workers, its preparation, han dling and disposition in a safe, clean, ap petizing manner, a place to eat, and garbage and sewage disposal in a safe and acceptable fashion. Water pollution is often a greater prob lem than air pollution. The sportsman and the nature conservationist, backed up by laws, keep us alert to the dangers and dam ages of polluting lakes and streams. Sani tary facilities, bath water, drinking water, salinized as a convenience if general plant health program is soundly established, but . taming capacity (based on past experience not practiced as closely as desired in manj," V jf the individual) of a person permanently instances. '' tnpaired by occupational illness or injury. Some states still provide little or no remedy EDUCATION AIDS O.D.- >. inder the law for the employee, and there With the advent of visual aids in traiP^j ;. is a great disparity between benefits pro ing and safety programs, we have the titaUji ' vded in the states. Due to the lag in our advanced media for health education pur-Tj legislative system, no state provides adeposes, for on-the-job and ofl-the-job acthi-T qmtely and probably never will unless a tics. These messages relate not only, to tk ' more practical, flexible, realistic, applicable employee, but the various members bf kb. s' formula is legislated to follow the confamily. Perhaps more familiar are U* 1) shntly changing cost of living. health messages presented through paynl -. . Amendments to Workmen's Compcttsa- envelope inserts, bulletin board and varies* ' tkn acts in recent' years have done little pingazincs, newspaper and other media. Tht to-improve the situation. In addition, the trend is increasing utilization of Service interpretation of the existing acts by po through effective application of expert - litically qualified, but otherwise unqualified knowledge in a broadening and growing fidf representatives, have led to widespread of specialization. abuses which embrace the creeping socialism system ns it exists today in the legal sense. We must say something to discourage complacency, carelessness and the indiscrim inate use of wonder drugs, including tetanus antitoxin, the sulfas, penicillin and its de rivatives and all the other chemical and antibiotic preparations. They are two-edged swords. There arc definite indications for their use and definite contra-indications, and also a broad area of uncertainly where good judgment and experience must be relied on. To date we have no reasonable substitute for experience. The indiscriminate use of these drugs is reprehensible and at times approaches criminal. The potential of mis hap, sensitivity, etc., is great and must not be taken lightly. As a rule when in doubt, don't. Make your mistakes on the safe side.^dk. area is hot and pest control, should not be overlooked in the 'area of environmental control. ' The rapid developments iif chemistry and physics are almost beyond comprehension. Competition brings almost a daily announce ment of an improved product, something that will do more for less and easier. With this conies the problems of employees' dan ger in toxicity of products, its basic com ponents, its by-products, its production tech niques, and also the hazard to the community, the ultimate consumer, the consumer's neigh bor and customers. Here we are talking about the present day insecticides, the sol vents, i.e,, hydrocarbon derivatives such as in the rubber and synthetic rubber industry, and the radioactive materials. Geiger count ers are now as commonplace to the hy gienists as was the impingcr a few years ago. More pre-employment physical examina tions are being carried out. Fewer injuries per unit produced are encountered. Earlier TWENTY YEARS INCREASED PROBLEMS V Are all of our problems solved? Not h a long way. Automation and industrial re search and progress generally will see that, this docs not occur. The effects and affeeb, upon emotions and morale may create prob lems not easily solved. This has increastf the need for nurses, psychologists, physician and other specialty trained personnel. Tbt newer drugs termed '`tranquilizers" ban proven helpful when used judiciously. Now 20 years after the O.D. furor ol 1937 are we facing a problem of similar size and similar concern? Strangely anl coincidentally we arc. Noise and occupa tional deafness right now is a vcr major concern of many industries, businesses and casualty insurance companies, similar to the near-panic from the early version of silicosis Recently we learned a great deal about] noise and its harmful effects on human hear ing. There is still a great deal to be learned Some of the early hysteria is abating. Rep SOME CURRENT ASPECTS OF MEDICAL QUACKERY l by OLIVER FIELD director, Bureau of Investigation,' American Medical Assn., Chicago * . . IK.' * . . (y jj* | ii j! W In discussing the subject of "Scmte Cur- ' who, soon after graduation from medical rent Aspects of Medical Quackery," it is school, came to work as an editorial as perhaps advisable to consider the present status of pretension to medical skill in the light of what has gone before, particularly during the past half-century. sistant. But his own personal experience caused him to begin a crusade of exposure of the evils of quackery and the venality of a large segment of the "patent medicine'' The Bureau of Investigation has been industry. functioning for more than 50 years as a clearing-house of information on matters in this category. The Bureau was started as a department of the Journal of the American Medical Association, partly be cause of the zeal of the young physician . At about the time this physician arrived as an employee of the American Medical Association, the Congress passed the first Pure Food and Drugs Act. The examples that we have of "cures" and products and their labeling in those days illustrate the 16 IP57 Nc I Safely Congress 000-1UU changes that have come about, particularly by the passage of the 1938 Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. NO INFORMATION SOURCE Before the passage of that Act, which, among other things, requires the revelation of the active ingredients on the retail label, there was no source except perhaps the Bureau o( Investigation to furnish the medi cli,ao_ln.rpr-_oBfoeo-skssionpaamndp*ht*lehte-s, public the informa --and--repo'rts in thfe Journal itself constituted the media whereby (OFFICERS OF THE any value in any disease category, his cessors, the Christian .Medical Reseati League of Detroit, continue to sell T* oxylide" for $25.00 for a 2 cc. amps Glyoxylide is labeled to be a one till OCCUPATIONAL WALTH NURSING Y SECiiun " trillion aqueous dilution of several alttfij ingredients. It is not at all surprising it NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 no chemist has been able to find anytiil in the ampule but water. II cthxeamapdlev>anc,|elem__e_p_n_r_tos_rlou..'c.fr.tvess.-c?aiel"nleacgceek. dVWto|eIIIHbhIeIaZvCre1a,l|U|jL active, w|,ich originated in the United St*| Chairman--VERNA Streator, III PASKUNA, R.N., Owens Illinois, Glass Container Div., Dr. Arthur Cramp did Ins very effective work. Before the discovery of insulin by Banting and Best of Toronto, there were a good many diabetic quacks. Their principal prod ucts were diuretics. Their claims were - ice Chairman--DOROTHY ARMSTRONG, R.N, Peoples Gas, Light & Coke Co., at as least, in the mid 1920's. These were )4L rejuvenators and "cure-alls." Some Chicago, III. no radioactivity whatsoever, others \WttHCcet Ct hairman & Membership Chairman--BARBARA BOREN, R.N., Ansnl Chemical dangerously radioactive. The modem-TM, Co., Marinette, Wis. application is the uranium-mine promoAtioiPn*- . MARV F BLANEY R.N., Charmin Taper Products Co., Green broad, their performance woefully inade quate. Today, liowever, it is in the field of cancer that the particular interest of both the public and the medical profession lies. In a period of 10 months we counted, in a little more than 4,000 inquiries, more than 1,000 on the subject of cancer "cures" and treatments. Vt 'ZULU --***_ ________VI puuilUIJ 11 large patronage in Montana, California, ai several other states. |5jWis. The same is true of the radio. Wh i>5Si, limm N. * IV. Co. --* radio became popular in the 1920's, a Cal Nfos Letter Editor--DOROTHY FUNK, R.N., Falls Paper Co.. Oconto Falls, Wis. fornia physician, Dr. Albert Abrams, aV nounced his "E.R.A."--Electronic Reactiol Pogrom Committee: HAPPY BRUDER R.N., (Chairman), Saks Fifth Ave., Chicago, of Abrams--claiming that he could diagnc| III.; HELEN MERCER, R.N., Dodge Mfg. Corp, Mishawaka, Ind.; PAULINE from a drop of the blood, and that ; MILLER, R.N., Fairbanks Morse Co.. Beloit. Wis.; MRS. JOSEPHINE JOINER. The example that we have here, particu larly the Hoxsey cancer treatment, and ex amples of the methods of promotion, make it evident that over the years the quack has learned by experience that he is ever so much more effective wh.cn he hides behind religion and when he sells the public on the claim that he is a martyr to medical perse l ' disease had "vibratory" rates. Abrams hi R.N, Southern Bell Telephone 8c Telegraph Co, Miami, Fla. many imitators, among whom was a chin praetor in Los Angeles named Ruth Drowi Pdlicity Committee: MRS. MURIEL KNUPKE, R.N, National Biscuit Co, Qurago, Dr. Drown claimed, also, that she cow III.; MRS. RUTH McCARTHY, R.N, National Broadcasting Company, Chicago, III.; diagnose from a drop of the blood, 111 JOANNA ANDERSON, R.N, Blue Cross-Blue Shield, Chicago, III. failed miserably when put to a test befoT a committee of scientists at the Universi Nminaling Committee: MRS. MAREN STANLEY, R.N. (Chairman), Union Carbide of Chicago. Corporation, Chicago, 111.; ERNA MAYRER, R.N, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co, cution. , | There arc many other categories in wliid Antioch, Calif.; MRS. JOAN TIMKE, R.N, American Medical Assn, Chicago, 111.; FEDERAL GOVERNMENT HELPS | the quack nourishes--in the field of reduL <| ing preparations, arthritis and rhcnmatisl MRS. HAZEL LEEDKE, R.N, Thilman Pulp 8c Paper Co, Kaukautin, Wis. The federal government, in the agency of the Food and Drug Administration, has sought for several years to slop not only Mr. Hoxsey, but others, one of whom is particularly known in Vancouver, namely Dr. William F. Koch, who began his pro motion from Detroit in 1919. Although Dr. Koch has been ordered by the Federal Trade Commission to cease ad vertising that any of his preparations has cures, rejuvenators, the special dietary foodj Vimat Aids Committee: MRS. VIRGINIA WHALEN, R.N. (Chairman). Liberty Mu and the cure-all gadgets. It was Vollain , who said that the quack was born when til i first knave met the first fool. The Buresr| tual Insurance Co, Chicago, III.; MARGARET CARNINE, R.N, Traihnobile Inc, Cincinnati, Ohio; MRS. FRANCES COLWELL, R.N, Eastern Airlines, Miami, Fla.; ' oC Investigation has never accepted that MRS. MILDRED MOORE, R.N, Bur. of Nursing, III. Dcpf. of Health, Chicago, III. an adequate definition, feeling that if thl person had some knowledge, it would h 0f-lhe-Job Committee: VERNA PASKUNA, ft.N. (Chairman), Owens-Illinois Glass more difficult for the quack to fool him Container Div, Streator, III.; HELEN REISCIlL, R.N, Employers Mutuals of That is the premise upon which the Burnt Wausau, Wausau, Wis. has operated, and hopes to o|>cratc in tln| future.vtk. Medical Advisor to the Section--ARTHUR K. PETERSON, M.l), Medical Director, R. R. Donnelly 8c Sons Co, Chicago, III. Staff Representative--JANE S. WEIR, R.N, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. Nurse Advisors to the Section--*JOANNA JOHNSON, R.N, *MRS. HAZEL LEEDKE, R.N.; *MRS. JOAN TIMKE, R.N.; *ERNA MAYRER, R.N.; *MRS. MAREN STANLEY, R.N.; *MRS. BERNARDINE BARHOP. 28 '"hi General Chairman 19 r, 1957 National -,<-jety Congress I ? 000401 izalion of the necessity to analyze more completely? Does this mean that employees don't take specific action because they don't analyze properly or because their evaluation of the hazard leads them to believe that nothing much serious can happen to them or be cause they think they might be censured for being too cautious or taking too long to do a job? _ These are some of the questions for which we are now seeking some answers. We don't have them yet, but we are working on them. In conclusion, injury index is we feel that a step forward our in icedtioj*lO( FFICERS OF THE , prevention activities. It has helped us kj our sights on the goal of preventing injnri PETROLEUM SECTI<kiU rather, than solely on the prevention of k of time from work. It may not be t ultimate solution to the injury prevent) NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 problem, but it is a step in the right dm j ' tion. In addition, the use of the Operalio | esearch ^roup adding its time, efforts * neral Chairman--PARKER C. FOLSE, safety dept., Socony Mobil Oil co., Inc., New Sjients to*the safety problem has been pi JYork, N. Y. f; live and will be more so in t ^ 'tt-Gtntral Chairman--WM. F. BURRIS, Phillips Petroleum co., Bartlesville, Okla. tertiary--F. G. WILSON, American Petroleum Institute, New York, N. Y. ___________ __ SkF Representative--L. C SMITH, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. ] Pm-Oairman for Production and Drilling--S. ROSS CARR, Gulf Oil corp., Houston, OFF-THE-JOB ACCIDENTS Statistics are such boresome things And figures rather dull. It's hundreds, millions, billions, trillions, Over which we mull. But facts are facts where 'er we go Regardless of amounts, So here's some facts on accidents, And that's what really counts. It isn't always big machines With blades of sharpened steel That rob a man of arm or leg . And make his senses reel. Nor is it always "on the job" Most accidents take place. But just .the opposite is true And figures prove our case. It's carelessness in little things At home and on the street Neglect in moving objects small Away from running feet. A makeshift ladder, sliding rugs, Electric cords that spark A disregard for cellar stairs And stumbling in the dark. Crossing where no crossings are While looking at the sky, Driving on a slippery road With milestones whizzing by. These are the things that take a toll We all should frown upon So watch for them when off the job, As well as when you're on. -Humble Pipe Line Company, Houston, rut Chairman for Marketing--GEORGE B. BLACK, Sun Oil co, Philadelphia, Pa. rut Chairman for Pipe Lines--A. L. GARNER, Gulf Oil corp, Houston, Tex. rut-Chairman for Exploration--A. ROSS ROMMEL, Humble Oil & Refining co, Houston, Tex. . 'ict-Chairman for Manufacturing--G. J. GERHARZ, The Pure Oil co, Lemont, 111. Vice-Chairman Off-The-Job Safety--LEE F. DOUGAN, Sinclair Oil & Gas co, Tulsa, Okla. rWrman Atlantic Division--A. J. BALDWIN, Ethyl corp. New York, N. Y. Mrman Mid-Continent Division--H. P. BRADLEY, Service Pipe Line co, Tulsa, Okla. Iwwon Gulf Coast D.Won-QUINCY V. TUMA, Th Texas co, Houston, Tex. Great Lakes Division--A. E. JOHNSON, safety director, Illinois Farm Sifhply, Chicago, III. A*nge.les,PZCcaitlif, CoaSt Divio> M. T. HAMILTON, General Petroleum corp, . Los tan Engineering Committee--\l. F. WATTERS* Fan American Petroleum corp, Oklahoma City, Okla. ID. i Visual Aids Committee--R. D. EBERLY, Standard Oil co. (Indiana), Chicago, urn Contest and Statistics Connnittec-jOlW L. DuFON, Socony Mobil Oil co. Inc., East Chicago, Ind. HeaUh Committee-DR. B. B. REEVE. Standard Oil co. (Indiana). Chicago, mslttltr Editor HARRY BRITT, The Atlantic Refining co,, Port Arthur, Tex. istoml Newsletter Editor-G. F. STEDNITZ, Universal Polychem Mfg. Division of ^Universal Oil Products co, McCook', III. B ot 48 1957 M. il Safely Congress Research amt Advisory Committee--*C, H. L1NDHERG (Chairman)j co., Independence, Kan. j *FRED CLAIBORNE, Pan American Tulsa, Okla.; *J. H. McKENZIE, Socony Mobil Oil co., New"Y DcLAUNE, Cities Service Refining corp., Lake Charles, La.; *WALl Oil co., Marcus Hook, Pa.; *C. D. ATTAWAY, chief safety engineer^ ical corp., Marshall, Tex.; *W. O. WILSON, Standard Oil co.`(I- FARRELL, Shell Pipe Line corp.; *D. A. KLEMME, Pan American'? W. I. KENT, Magnolia Petroleum co.; *J. HOWARD MYERS, The; iug co.; *J. L. R1SINGER, Socony Mobil Oil co., Inc.; *H. T. MA Petroleum co.; *F. R. McLEAN, White Star div., Socony Mobil Oil MILLER, The Texas co.; *C. J. NOBEMANN, Shell Oil co.; *J. H. Water Associated Oil co.; *11. W. lUOGC.ESS, Sinclair Prairie Oil BREELAND, Lone Star Gas co.; *tf| B. ROAPER, Humble Oil 'A GERALD 0. LOCKWOOD, Continental Casualty co.; *GEORGE JS consultant; . J. SENNE (Retired). ` Past General Chairmen I SO 1 'HINTING AND PUBLISHING SECTION ( NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman--WALTKR R. SMITH, manager, employee aclivilics ami safely, R, R. (eUey & Sons eo., Chicago, III. Chairman--KKNNliTIl V. UMIIKKGKR, iiersonml manager, Kingsport Pres*, .Vue Chairman--PAUL L, O'NFILl., iiersonncl and safely director, Rand Mc| t eo., Hammond, 1ml. DAN H. GROTHAUS, safely director, McCall corp.. Dayton, Ohio. r Editor--GORDON II. KOSIIFKG, safety director, Rirlitcr McCall & Co., 0, III. . Nrwslrtlrr Editor--KARL SIMPSON. JR., director of safety and industrial ns, holding Paper llox Assn., Chicago, III. Program Chairman--CIIARLKS SHAPIRO, irniagcr, educational drpi., f.ithoc Technical Foundation, Inc., New York, N .Y. 000403 1957 No. jl Safely Congress are to work, in company with their fore man, who would point out the safe and efficient way to do the job. The foregoing orientation and safety education program is obviously not sug gested for boomers or drifters who will hit the road with their first paycheck. Rather it is intended for the "home guards" who can be expected to stay on the job long enough to justify the time and money expended on them. It would be followed up at intervals with eveuiijm safety education sessions, using audib^ visual aids. Since the average 20 to 24 minute film teaches more lessons than can be ab sorbed, combining the running ami re running of short sections of a training film with the discussion-conference tech nique, is advocated. As an example, the Karig Motion Picture Company of S* reproduces the sound-color film "Haji Logs" which they midtf'for the Mi Columbia, Pacific Northwest and k wood Loggers Associations, In six I minute sections. They publish a fil*| of questions and answers for each t and a "Conference Leaders' Mane accompany the films. Tjie small operation, or the width new men come singly, more of a problem. However the sai jeetives of orientation and safety < lion, accomplished by individual sion, rather than group sessions,, improve labor relations and woods safety. This is only a preli to the most important on-the-job i training under a safety-minded visor.^le. FICERS OF THE PULP AND PAPER SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 if* I Chairman--EARL F. U1PSTRA, personnel manager. Container Corp. of America, ago, III. thairman and Program Chairman--R. (I. ItELKNAI', |>crsoniicl manager, Rcmis llro. [ i C* o, East Pepi>erell, Mass. jrtier Editor--GEORGE R. MERUIMAN, safety coordinator. International Paper , Southern Kraft Div, Middle, Ala. and Membership Chairman--D. V. MILL, safely director, The Mead Cnrp., ort Div, Kingsport, Tcun. M MEMBERSHIP REPRESENTATIVES . ''Lakes--'`ARTHUR CARLE, safety director. The Northwest PagCL t'lonuel. l; East--*H. P. HEUBNER, insurance manager. The Flintkole Co, New York, ; South--'`DALLAS E. HENRY, safely coordinator, Southern Advance Bag lion, Continental Can Co, Inc, Hodge, La.; Canada--`DOUGLAS II. CHANT, stary-enginecr. The Ontario Pulp ft Paper Makers' Safety Assn, Toronto, Out, nda; AfirfwMf-*FRANCIS H. WAGNER, director of safety, The Mead Corp, cotlte, Ohio; West--ROBERT M. GILMORE, general safely siqicrvisor, Ray* ' 00 Advisor--DR. A. P. ASSELST1NE, medical director, Spruce Falls Power and. ' Co, Ltd, Kapuskasing, Ont, Canada. Projects Committee: Chairman: GORDON B. LEMKIi, research engineer, EmMutuals of Wausau, Wausau, Wis.; LAMBERT LOUY, safely director, Con* Corp. of America, Qiicago, III.; *A. E MINOR, safety supervisor. The Ontarioola Pulp and Paper Co, Ltd, Kenon, Ont. Canada; D. L. EISENACH, safety etor, Minnesota and Ontario Paper Co, International Falls, Minn.; RUSSELL E. , safety director. The Crossctt Co,Cro*selt, Ark.'; ROSS K, SCOTT, assistant ithe secretary-engineer. The Ontario' Phlpjfe J'aiicr h'akers' Safety Assn, Toronto, Canada; FORREST E. KIMMELlv AffiyA medical director, Sutherland Paper Kalamazoo, Mich.; HARRIS K. WILLIAMS, assistant coordinator ol safely, tm Kraft Div, International Paner Co.: Pine Bluff, Ark. f: 0004011 Committee: Chairman: A. SCOTT DOWD, president, Fritz Publications, Inc, ago, III.; *J. FRED BERRY, general insurance manager, Alton Box Board Co.; jn, III.; `HARLEY B. GOODRICH, maintenance engineer, Strathmore Paper Co, Ot Springfield, Mass.; JAMES N. CONAWAY, manager of safety ft plant protccV Industrial Dept, Scott Paper Co, Chester, Pa.; `FRED O. SOUGHTON, serv ile safely supervisor, LongLac Pplp & Paper Co, Ltd, Terrace Bay, Ont, Canada; `N ADAIR, coordinator of safety activities, Pacific Coast Assn, of Pulp and Paper ufaclurers, Portland, Ore. I 61 FULFWOOD LOG 3 DIVISION 1V Bp At ,ocluring Committee: Chairman: HAROLD HEWITT, assistant personne \\ 'manager, Bemis Bro. Bag Co, Peoria, III.; JOHN T. WARREN, director of training, Divirion Chairman: FRANKLIN LARRABEE, assistant director of personnel--W< .St Regis Paper Co, Pensacola. Fla.; CHARLES H. MASON, safely & training , lands, St. Regis Paper Co., Bucksport, Maine director, Robert Gair Co, Inc, New York, N. Y.; TOXIE R. TRIM, safety director. tfMW ['..jGaylord Container Corp, Div. of Crown Zellerbach Corp, Bogahtsa, La.; ALBERTO Publication Committee: Chairman: T. C. DONNAN, safety supervisor, Spruce Fslj In' jCHIPCO, safety director. W. R. Grace & Co, Lima, Peru, S. A. Power & Paper Co., Ltd., Woodlands, Kapuskasing, Out., Canada; LEO ST. DEN woods employment supervisor, Abitibi Power & Paper Co., Ltd., Iroquois Falls, Bx Manufacturing Committee: Chairman: CARL J. LAMBERTH, personnel manager ft Canada; EDWARD C. CORDON, stall forester, Louisiana Forestry Commission, Bat! R {safety supervisor, Container Corp. of America, Chattanooga, Tcnn.; DR. KARL F. Rouge, La. K-'jSIMPSON, JR, director of industrial relations & safety, Folding Paper Box Assn, of Visual Aids Committee: Chairman: R. C. HAMMOND, Safety engineer, Employers Mr] tuals of Wausau, Dululli, Minn.; H. GORDON BA^RRETT, safety inspector, Ontario Paper Co., Ltd., Thorold, Ont., Canacji; CARL G. STRICKLAND, assists fjjAmerica, Chicago, III.; JACK WALL, personnel manager. Grand Rapids Mills and IffFoldini Box Plant, American Box Board Co, Grand Rapids, Mich.; HENRY KVINRlTUS, safely director, Cornell Paperboard Products Co, Milwaukee, Wis. wood procurement manager, Gaylord Container Corp, Die. of Crown Zellcihach Coil Rofng Manufacturing Committee: Chairman: H. R. MESLER, JR, safety director, The Bogalusa, La.; PAT REITEN, personnel manager, Simpson Logging Co., Portland, oil IjfoubcrKd Co, New York, N. Y.; R. J. PRESTON, safety supervisor. The Philip t'iiCarey Manufacturing Co, Lockland, Cincinnati, Oltio; FRED INGHAM, assistant FULP MANUFACTURING DIVISION Division Chairman: HARRY J. HAHN, safety supervisor. Hammermill Paper Co.. Eri Pa. jinturance manager, The Flinlkote Co, New York, N. Y. \ltatlalion Manufacturing Committee: Chairman: BUDW1N J. LEE, safely director, jWond Conversion Co.r Cloquet, Minn.: AMOS S. KEEN, manager of safely, Perjforarel Administration Dept, Armstrong Cork Co- Lancaster. Pa.; M. F. MATTSON, Publication Committee: Chairman: W. B. BALLINGER, safely coordinator, Brunswit Pulp & Paper Co., Brunswick, Ga.; ROBERT W. WOOD, staff safety supervit jsafety supervisor, Insulite Div, Minnesota and Ontario Paper Co, International balls, [Minn. Kimberly-Clark Corn Neenah. Wis.; JAMES E. EMMERICH, safely director, Mot Spcialtieri Manufacturing Committee: Chairman: HAROLD E. TEBO, personnel super inee Paper Mills Co., Mosince, Wis. ' visor, Baryta -Div, Kodak Park Works, Eastman Kodak Co, Rochester, N. Y.; JACK Visual Aids Committee: Chairman: CHARLES R. HAGAN, safety manager, Oxfot Paper Co., Rumford, Maine; OTTO WAGERS, safety supervisor, The Champa* HARTLEROAD, safely director, The KVP Co, Kalamazoo, Mich.; WILLIAM A. STRACHAN, plant manager, Fihrehoaril Paper Products Corp. San Francisco, Calif. Paper and Fibre Co., Pasadena, Tex.; PHILIP L. DANDRIGE,'safety coordinator Sonoco Products Co., Hartsville, S. C; SAM BLACKWELL, safely supervisor,,!)!* OfF-THE-JOB SAFETY DIVISION -'Mathieson Chemical Cnrp,, Forest Products Div., West Monroe, La. " Division Chairman: LEO M. SHAW, manager, C & C Plant Services, Carton and Con tainer Div, General Foods Corp, Battle Creek, Midi.; *KENNETH L. FAIST, PAPER MANUFACTURING DIVISION coordinator of employment and safety, The Champion Paper and Fibre Co, Hamilton,' Ohio; CARL W. BEHNKE, district engineer, Hartford Accident and Indemnity Co, Division Chairman: ROBERT J. CELL, staff assistant, Paper Mills Div., Eastman Kodak Co., Kodak Park Works, Rochester, N. Y. Grand Rapids, Mich. - .. Stef Representative--ROBERT CURRIE, National Safety Council, Chicago, IIL Publication Committee: Chairman: MERLIN C. RACE, safely director, St. Regis Papa Co., New York, N. Y.; M C. M. POLLARD, director of safely, National Gvpsirm Cn Buffalo, Y.; A. E. TOPMILLER, safety supervisor, The Champion Paper inf ' Fibre Co., Hamilton, Ohio; RALPH E. MYERS, safely supervisor, Chillicothe Dir,! The Mead Corb, Chillicothe, Ohio. , i: General Chairman. Visual Aids Committee: Chairman: GEORGE A. LaHUSEN, general safety supervisor Crown Zellerbach Corp.. Portland, Ore.; JAMES M. PINKSTON, JR, personnel I safety supervisor, Crossett Paper Mills, Crossett, Ark.; HARRISON J. DAYSH, secretary, Industrial Relations Committee, American Paper and Pulp Assn, New YorlJ N. Y.; FRANK C. HARMON, employment manager. Hollingsworth ft Vnsc Co, Wet Groton, Mass. FAFER CONVERTING DIVISION , Division Chairman: V. P. COULON, safety director, The Sealright Co, Inc, Fulton, N.yJ 62 ,V* ; a i^ :'i| K5T National Softly ngrtss LOfFICfc OF THE This terminal is at Meadville, Pa., where I am chairman of the division superin tendent's safety committee. (All such activ ity on the railroad comes within the juris diction of our superintendent of safety). There are 400 employees in 16 sub-depart ments that are contacted each month at 12 locations where they can be readily as sembled. The committee is made up of the lop departmental heads of the local opera tions. PROGRAM SET-UP The chairman sets dates for meetings and lotlfies the members, as well as sends no tices to all departments for bulletin board i>osling. The notices carry the time for the meetings and the subject matter to be con sidered. Diversified material is used; howver, only one subject is taken up each uonth, e.g.-- Review of preceding year's safety posters. Checking on safety rule books and their usage. Proper clothing and health protection. Thanksgiving, Christmas, New Years, or any special holiday can provide suitable topics for safety talks, as well as the seasons of the year, vacation, school opening, etc. Once a year a motion picture on safety is shown and the following month a discussion on the film creates interest. Every possible angle that can be used i) keep a fast-moving, 20-minute, safety neeting on the chosen subject is employed o create human interest. Near the close of each sub-departmental neeting, a short discussion period is held or a status report on items brought for ward from preceding month's meetings. \ddilional items requiring attention are olicited and only safety items that cannot et immediate correction are considered for i the summary report given to the division! superintendent. Handling in this manner.)^ RAILROAD SECTION list of items is kept to a minimum and in clude those requiring further study and in NATtoNAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 a few instances require appropriations which must be approved before corrections can be made. I Chairman--J. LLOYD, Jersey Central Lines, Jersey City, N. J. DIVIDED INTO GROUPS The functioning of the committee is sim t Chairman--L. C. HAHNEY, Elgin, Joliet 4 Eastern Railway co., Joliet, III. ple. Ordinarily tjliere are 12 members who rttary and News Letter Editor--F. C. LEWIS, The Pullman co., Chicago, III. make the roundis and this number is di vided into three groups of four members each, referred to as Groups A, B, and G All members present themselves at the first location. Immediately with the start of this meeting, or the subsequent meetings, Group A moves forward to the next location to assemble employees and introduce any pre wdolt News Letter Editors: ioutkeast--H. C. DAULTON, The Louisville 4 Nashville Railroad co., Louisville, Ky. .jPeet--P. H. JENNER, The Western Pacific R.R.co., San Francisco, Calif. Central--J. E. SLAVEN, Chicago. Burlington 4 Quincy R. R. co., Chicago, III. tost--J. L. BABCOCK, Bangor & Aroostook R. R. co., Bangor, Maine Southwest--G. R. KNIGHT, St. Louis Southwestern Railway Lines, Tyler, Texas panada--J. G. BELDHAM, Toronto, Hamilton 4 Buffalo Ry. co., Hamilton, Ontario liminary feature or arrangement in anticipa tion of Group B. ` ociation Liaison Committee--W. C. LARAWAY (Giairman), The Delaware 4 Hudson R. corp., Albany, N. Y.; A. V. ROHWEDF.R (Vice Chairman). The Duluth, The talk or message is handled by Group h'Missabe & Iron Range Ry. co., Duluth, Minn.; G. W. KLSTIi, The Baltimore Ik Ohio B as arc the discussion periods. Instances where more time is required than the sched >R. R. co., Baltimore, Md.; G. C. STKOMSOE, Atlantic Coast R. R. co., Wilmington, I'M. G; J. R. THEXTON, The Delaware, Lackawanna 4 Western Railroad co., Hoboken, uled 20 minutes, Group C slays on to clear N. J.; D. E. MUMFORD, New York Central System, New York, N. Y. up safety items that become involved during the discussion period. The success of the meetings depends greatly on a functional fades! and Statistical Committee--D. P. RUSSELL (Chairman), The Canadian Pacific Ry, Montreal, Quebec; J. P. KOLOC (Vice Chairman). Illinois Central Railroad. and well-balanced schedule, and ing-up of the Committee into the divid the three 1 Chicago, III.; D. W. NAFF, The Norfolk and Western Ry. co, Roanoke, Va.; F. J REYNOLDS, Boston & Maine Railroad co, Boston, Mass.; W. C. LARAWAY, The groups has been very effective. ^-Delaware and Hudson R. R. corp, Albany, N. Y.; J. L. BABCOCK, The Bangor and The primary objective of the work of this committee is to encourage employees to ' Aroostock R.R. co, Bangor, Me.; O. W. SMITH, Grand Trunk Western R. R. co, ^Detroit, Mich.; C. A. DIRGE, Missouri-Kansns-Tcxas Lines, Dallas, Tex. actively participate in the safety program to correct the causes of accidents, and help correct unsafe practices and conditions re gardless of department which becomes in volved. In this safety promotional work, maintenance of equipment and stores opera tions are so involved with the safely of every department that it is felt greater bene i and Sound Committee--R. S. JAMES (Chairman). Denver 4 Rio Grande Western . R. co, Denver, Colo.; E. If. BLEWER (Vice Chairman), New York Central System, I'New York, N. Y.; H. CONNOR, The Baltimore 4 Ohio R. R. co, Pittsburgh, Pa.; |t. A. GRUBBS, The Norfolk & Western Ry. co, Roanoke, Va.; C. M. SCHAEFER. ,, The Gicsapcake and Ohio Ry. co, Richmond, Va.; G. R. KNIGHT, St. Louis Soulhij'western Ry. Lines, Tyler, Texas; M. A. NUGENT, The Southern Pacific co, San Francisco, Calif.; J. W. THOMPSON, Seaboard Air Line R. R,, Norfolk, Va. fits are obtained through a committee repre ifhwoy Railroad Craning Committee--R. S. JAMES,(Chairman), The Denver & Rio senting all operations. I'ossibly this pro Grande Western R. R. co, Denver, Colo.; G. M. DEMPSEY (Vice Chairman), Chicago, cedure would be of value at other railroad Milwaukee/St. Paul 4 Pacific R. R. co, Chicato,IlU, W. II. ROBERTS, The Chicago terminals.^ I Northwestern Ry. co, Chicago, 111.; G. W. ELSTE, The Baltimore 4 Ohio R. R. to, Baltimore, Md.; C: M. SCHAEFER, The Chesapeake & Ohio Ry. co, Richmond, rVa.; E. W. HOBBS, Missouri Pacific Lines, St. Louis, Mo.; J. P. KOLOC, Illinois Railroad, Chicago, III.; G. C. STROMSOE, Atlantic Coast Line R. R. co, fglon, N. C. Ime Off-the-job Safely Committee: R. P. HAMILTON (Chairman), St. Louis- Sait, 'rancisco Ry. co, St. Louis, Mo.; C. M. KIMBALL (Vice Chairman), Southern ooo.'ocii^jChsi,caWgoa,sh1i1n1g.;toEn., D. H. C.; E. L. DUGGAN, Atchison, Topeka and BLEWER, New York Central System, New Santa York. Fe N. Ry. Y.; BLUE, Chicago & Eastern Illinois R. R. co, Danville, III.; H. C. DAULTON, lisville 4 Nashville R. R. co, Louisville, Ky.; JOHN D. WATT, The Monon- Connecting R, R. co, Pittsburgh, Pa. 33 -.i I 0004C7 r> ) JICERS OF THE School and college conference NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Pr/sidetil for Schools and Colleges--LOWELL B. FISHER, state chairman. North ral Association for Colleges and Secondary Schools, University of Illinois, Urbana, of the Conference--ZENAS R. CLARK, administrative assistant, Wilmington bile Schools, Wilmington, Del. Chairman for Elementary Education--VICTOR E. LEONARD, principal, North us School, Greenwich School District, Riverside, Conn. Chairman for Secondary Education--NORMAN GORE, assistant superintendent of ris, Decatur, III. Chairman for Higher Education--JOHN W. HILL, director, Workmen'* CompensaInsurance, Texas A & M College System,- College Station, Texas. Chairman for Driver Education--AMOS E. NEYHART, administrative head, Insti*e of Public Safety, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pa. ^fifrChairman for Supervision and Special Areas--IVAN J. STEHMAN, chief, Div. of Highways and Safety Education, State Dept, of Public Instruction, Harrisburg, Pa. story--'WAYNE P. HUGHES, director, School and College Division, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. m I CONGRESS PROGRAM COMMITTEE DWraum-DALIBOR W. KRALOVEC. Philadelphia, Pa. 'I'i jUrtory-ALVIN E. HOUR, University, Ala. IMw--CLAYTON W. DE MENT, West Lafayette, Iml.; O. J. DORR, Fond dn Lac. mWis.; TOM S. GABLE, Pittsburgh, Pa.; JAMES J. GRIFFIN, Chicago. Ill.i JOHN BrT. HAACK, Davenport, Iowa; FRANK R. JEWSON, Superior, Wis.; RICHARD K. : KLEIN, Bismarck, N. I).; CHARLES J. KRAFT, Jr.. Brooklyn, N. Y.; W. D. HcCLURKIN, Nashville, Tcnn.; HELEN MANLEY, University City, Mo.; PAUL W. SEAGERS, Bloomington, Ind.; LESLIE R. SiLVERNALE, E Lansing, Mich.; "FRANK O. STANGEL, Milwaukee, Wis.; MARTHA C. STEVENSON. PhiladclK. |Wa, Pa.; JOHN L. VICKERS. Frankfort, Kv.; MARY MAY WYMAN, Louisville, f jKy.: W. C. YEAGER, Sioux City, Iowa. Representative--VIVIAN WEEDON, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. CONGRESS PROGRAM COMMITTEE J. DUKE ELKOW, Ma-iiwn, Wis and Staff Representative--MARIAN TELFORD, National Safety Council, Chi- 5$ Members--MARK J. DONDERO, Cambridge, Mass.; FITHIAN S. FA Ky.; LONNIE GILLILAND, Oklahoma City, Okla.; DEVONA' Dayton, Ohio; JOHN T. HAACK, Davenport, Iowa; EARL D, HEA City; RALPH M. HENDRIX, Columbia, S. C.; JOSEPH INTO Park, Pa.; STANLEY McKEE, Highland Park, HI.; MARY RAPP N. Y.; J, J. SMALTZ, Manhallan, Kans.; A. P. SMITH, JR., Jack E. SPENCER. Malden, Mass.; JOHN TAMMERYN, Tampa, $ WHEELER, Louisville, Ky. 1957 CONGRESS PROGRAM COMMITTEE 'I, Chairman--MAY HAZARD, 1 lamtramcjcl Mich.* Secretary--A. L. CUNNINGHAM, Gary, Iml. Members-HOMER ALLEN, West Lafayette, 1ml.; FITHIAN S. FAR* Ky.; HARRY D. FLETCHER, University Park. Pa.; JOSEPH G water. Fla.; R. W. JONES, Keokuk, Iowa: HELEN K. KNANDE D. C.; RUTH JEWELL. Raleigh, N. C; HAROLD A. SEEKAMP,? Ky.; GLENN F. SIIUPE, Springfield, Ohio; DARLEEN BELL' Nashville, Tctm.; BERTHA TRUNNKLL, Louisville, Ky.; LESTER St. Louis, Mo.; ELIZA CALLAS, Kensington, Md. Staff Representative--DANIEL P. WEBSTER, National Safety Council, DRIVER EDUCATION SECTION i General Chairman--AMOS E. NEYT1ART, University Park, Pa. Immediate Past General Chairman--EDWARD R. ABRAMOSKI, Erie, P Vice-Chairman--RUSSELL 1. BROWN, DcsMoines, Iowa. Secretary--THQMAS A. SEALS, NewYork City. .! } Staff Representative--IVAN L. ELAND, National Safety Council, Chicago, 'V ELEMENTARy SCHOOL SECTION Chairman--VICTOR K. LEONARD, Riverside, Conu. v. ;1 Vice-Chairman--STANLEY W. McKEE, Highland Park, III. ;.je Secretory--THELMA STOKES, Ajo, Aria. . vV Staff Representative--VIVIAN WEKDON, National Safety Council, Chi' < HIGHER EDUCATION SECTION General Chairman--JOHN W. HILL, College Station, Texas Staff Representative--DANIEL P. WEBSTER, National Safety Council, SAFETY EDUCATION SUPERVISORS SECTION . General Chairman--1 VAN J. STEI1MAN, Harrisburg, Pa. Iirmie-'mle Past General Chairman--1CECIL G. ZAUN, Los Angeles, Calif. .MVttSWWWi- fet'nuan--HAROLD K. JACK, Richmond, Va. 1,- -VIRGINIA WHEELER, Louisville, Ky. ^|reren/a/iVc--CHARLES A. FRENCH, Nnti UUU4UH >; Cfottncil, Chicago, III. ,, JIN INDUSTRIAL ARTS ASSOCIATION-NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL SW. COMMITTEE * ' -DONALD PETERS, Arlington, Va. ^Representative--WAYNE P. HUGHES, Director, School ami College Division fcoul Safely Council, Chicago, III. J* I,;N.t VOCATIONAL ASSOCIATION-NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL SAFETY COMMITTEE rJ. E. TE POORTEN, Madison, Wis. ^Representative--WAYNE P. HUGHES, Director, School ami College Division. ^SAFETY COMMITTEE Igj-CLAYTON W. DE MENT, Lafayette, Ind. Soman--ARTHUR F. BRANDSTATTER, E. Lansing. Mich. JOHN MORRIS, Champaign, III. j^rercAtatfve--DANIEL P. WEBSTER, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. ijBDUCATION COMMITTEE J* . ' ^lofrwan--JOHN W. HILL, College Station, Texas. * Steering Committee--J. DUKE ELKOW, Madison, Wis. fnienlalive--DANIEL P. WEBSTER, National Safely Council, Chicago, III. % 4 SCHOOL SAFETY HONOR ROLL COMMITTEE jMrman-ALFUED L. PAPILLON, Chicago! HI. IRS. P. D. BKV1L, .Sacramento, Calif.; RUSSELL 1. BROWN, lies Moines. AL. CUNNINGHAM, C.arv, Ind.; MAY F. HAZARD, llamlrainck. Mich.; [JEWELL, Raleigh, N. G; WALTER D. LADD, St. Joseph, Mo.; FORREST K?&G' , New York City; GEORGE P. SILVERWOOD, Green Bay, Wis. TfrflfahW--JVAN L. ELAND, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111 y |tOMMITTEE HERBERT J. STACK, New York City. ' tentative--DANIEL P. WEBSTER, National Safely Council, Chicago, i- ' 19*. Jational Safety Congress FFICERS OF THE ) Irol. Once a year on the last Sunday be P. W. Graves, safety inspector for fore July 4, a "Safety Sunday'' is held in tiuental Motors Corp., Muskegon, the slate. In cooperation* with the Okla described his company's traffic safety homa City Ministerial Alliance, the High gram which includes bulletin board way Patrol prepares a kit of sermons, talks, carton cards, outdoor posters for messages and other material which is dis lots, place mats in the company res tributed to clergymen and others who take and full-page ads in the local ne* part in "Safely Sunday." This effort is non-secrelarian and highway palrol officers give sermons on traffic safety on this day. Clayton Hess of the California Highway Patrol described the California program to Dan Hollingsworth, director of the, Itoma City Safety Council, told of the j lishing and distributing of a traffic^ * manual in Oklahoma City. combat drinking and driving. A special pro Linda Shuter described a television gram each December is aimed at curbing gram called "Aftermath" which has a the dangers resulting from Christmas office a great deal of interest in Dallas. The parlies. A variety of material is prepared gram takes an actual traffic case and including posters, leaflets, and special altcn- lir.es it using real people, real ju tion-gelters such as a reaction timer. police, rather than actors. Warren Taylor, health and safety dept, manager for the U. S. Junior Chamber of Commerce, discussed a project conducted hy a Jayrcc chapter in which a newspaper offered a prize to any driver who could stop his car within 50 feet traveling at 35 m.p.h. The challenge was printed in the paper under a picture of burned tire marks on a pavement. Taylor reported that no one claimed the prize. Thomas C. Ifcmpficld of the Mansfield (Ohio) Police Department described a po lice-sponsored, city-financed "Safety Town" for pre-school children. Children arc taught traffic safety both in classrooms and in a miniature "town" with streets, sidewalks, traffic signals and markings. W. J. Sturm of Hardware Mu Stevens Point, Wis., described a safety project held in Stevens Point the cooperation of the local taxi cab pony. The cabs carry white flags with Green Cross for Safety. If an occurs anywhere in the city, alt the carry a red flag for 48 hours. If a accident occurs, the cabs fly a black; for one week as a constant reminder It community. Mark Markson, Minnesota Highway htold of a summer camp maintained by' IjAmcrican Legion for the training of: patrol guards. Itotli l>oys and girls at tend n one week course at the camp is fully equipped with camping facilil' TRAFFIC SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 I Chairman--MATTHEW C S1ELSK1, director, safety and traffic engineering Chicago Motor Club, Chicago, 111. Vice Chairman--BERNARD R. CALDWELL, commissioner, California Highway Patrol, Sacramento, Calif. Vice Chairman--JOHN MURTAGH, chief justice, Magistrates Court. New York, , Y. 1 yitt Chairman--JAMES M. SLAVIN, chief of police, Kalamazoo, Mich. Congress I'rogram Committee Chairman--EDWARD R. KLAMM, manager, acci: prevention dept., Allstate Insurance co., Skokie, III. ship Committee Chairman--DAVID M. 11ALDW1N, executive secretary, Institute Traffic Engineers, Washington, D. C. real Large: RAY ASHWORTH, director, Northwestern University Traffic ln'tute, Evanston, III.; RICHARD O. ItKNNKTT, automotive division. Accident & lure Prevention dept., National Association of Automotive Mutual Insurance companies, Chicago, lit.; T. N. BOATE, manager, accident prevention dept., Association of Casualty ft Surety companies, New York, N. Y.; I'AUL E. BURKE, executive director, .Marybad Traffic Safely Commission, Baltimore, Md.; HENRY W. CLEMENT, magistrate, Ifunicipal Court, Plainfield, N. J.; NORMAN DAMON, vice president, Automotive Safety Foundation, Washington, D. C.; M. R. DARLINGTON, JR., managing director, Inter-Industry Highway Safety Committee, Washington, I). C.; RUVIAN I), IIENDItlCK, judge, City Court, Shreveport, La.; E. H. HOLMES, deputy commissioner, U. S. Bateau of Public Roads, Washington, D. C.; JOSEPH M. KAPLAN, sccrclaryKnagcr, Greater Los Angeles chapter, National Safety Council, Los Angeles, Calif.; MASON LADD, dean. College of Law, State University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; 'BURTON W. MARSH, director, traffic engineering and safely department, American Automobile Association, Washington, D. C.; RALPH A. MOYE.R, research professor, Institute of Transiiortalion ami Traffic Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Cnlif.; HALLIE L. MYERS, executive director, Indiana Traffic Safely Foundation, Indianapolis, Ind.; TIMOTHY J. O'CONNER, Commissioner of Police, Chicago. III.; M. W. PLETCHEU, Traffic Safety Association of Detroit, Detroit, Mich.; R. C. SALISBURY, director, safety division, Motor Vehicle Department, Madison, Wis.; EDWARD SCHEVDT, commissioner; Department >,f Motor Vehicles, Raleigh, N. C.: CORDON SIIKKHIC, director, HighwayiTfaffic Safely Center, Michigan Stale Uni versity, East Lansing, Mich.; JOHN-Pc}^$jfTS, judge of Recorders Court, Detroit, Division Representatives: BERNARD L. GARMIRE, chief, Police Detriment, .Jacson, Ariz.; HAROLD W. SULLIVAN, deputy chief, Police Department, Los 'Asfdss, Calif. Cohrl Representatives: J. J. QIHLLIN, judge, Municipal Court, Portland, Ore.; MORRIS ROSENTHAL, judge, Municipal Court, St. Louis, Mo. General Clmirmen: J. E. P. DARRELL, director, Traffic ami Planning, Minnesota Jfilhway Department, St. - Paul, Minn.; ROBERT E. RALEIGH, Citizens Traffic dely Bbard of Metropolitan Chicago, Chicago, III. iry*-DANIEL G. REYNOLDS, director. Traffic Operations division, Traffic and transportation department, National Safety Council, Chicago, III. 67 000410 FICERS OF THE TRANSIT SECTION ' NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman--D. L. WILLIAMSON, supervisor of accident prevention, Cleveland Transit System, Cleveland, Ohio. Chairman--J. GODFREY BUTLER, director of personnel and labor relations, D. C. Transit System, Inc., Washington, D. C. dialt Past General Chairman--JAMES S. OSBORNE, president and general manager, : Cincinnati, Newport & Covington Transportation Co., Newport, Ky. (dry--JOE V. GARVEY, general manager, Harrisburg Railways Co., Harrisburg, Pa. "embership Chairman--J. M. BUSBY, JR., safety director, Memphis Street Railway Co., Memphis, Term. . vam Chairman--ELMER R. SCHUEMANN, superintendant of transportation and safety, United Motor Coach Co., Des Plaines, III. * tenters at Large:--CARL J. ANDERSON, personnel director, Milwaukee and Suburban Transport Corporation, Milwaukee, Wis.; HOWARD M. BAKER, safety director, j Montreal Transportation Commission, Montreal, Quebec, Canaria; R. DKWF.Y CAS SELL, general manager. Safety Motor Transit Co., Roanoke, Va.; TYRELL ESTEP, safety director, Indianapolis Transit System, Ipdianapolis, Ind.; PAUL J. FANNING, . director. Bureau of Personnel and Safety, San Francisco Public Utilities Commission, San Francisco, Calif.; BERNARD C HAMEL, supervisor of personnel, safety and welfare, Quebec-Autobus, Ltd., Quebec, P. Q., Canada; CHARLES E. KEISER, : superintendent of transportation, Chicago. Transit Authority, Chicago, III,; VAN COURT LUCAS, adminiitMfljhrt Assistant, American Transit Association, New York, ' N. Y.; LEE MILLS, dlratotof tafety, Cincinnati Transit Co., Cincinnati, Ohio; PAUL W. MOYER, genera) superintendent, Lehigh Valley Transit Co, Allentown, Pa.; J. W. PRUTSMAN. safety director, Los Angeles Transit Lines, Los Angeles, Calif.; MACHLIN E. STERNBURGH, director of safety, New York City Transit Autliority, Brooklyn, N. Y.; PATRICK S. SIROIS, safety director, Miami Transit Co, Miami, Fla.; B. SUDDERTH,ijaf4ty director, Dallas Transit Co, Dallas, Tex.; C. R. SYPIIEK, manager, Safetyjjjfflgpyering Department, Transit Casualty Co, St. Louis,_ Mo.; RALPH T. TAUJOTTfv&fcty supervisor, Phoenix Transit System, Phoenix Aria.; ELLIOTT A. THIEL, director, Accident Prevention, Columbus Transit Co, Columbus, Ohio; J. L. WEEKS, general supervisor of safety, South Caro lina Electric and Gas Co, Columbia, S. C Cemselors:--M. C. BULLOCK, supervising engineer. Transit Casualty Co, St Louis, Mo.; COLIN DOBELL, director. Transportation Safety & Training, B. C Electric Co, Vancouver, B. C, Canada; ARTHUR J. NAQUIN, safely counselor. New Orleans Public Service, Inc, New Orleans, La.; H. W. WHITCOMB, superintendent accident prevention, Philadelphia Transportation Co, Philadelphia, Pa. ilto/ Representative--CHRIS IMHOFF, Motor Transportation Division, National Safety ? Council, Chicago, III. 39 000411 WOOD PRODUCTS SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 r General Chairman- R. C. CHILDRESS, National Distiller* Product* corp, Cooperage : dir., Memphis, Tenn. Vki Chairman and Program Chairman--HERBERT A. LADWIG, Employer* Mutual* ol . Wausau, Wausau, Wis. Urns Letter Editor--F. S. PERRY, B. C. Lumber Manufacturer* Assn, Vancouver, B. C, Canada. Secretary and Membership Chairman--T. E. NORTH, Alaska Pine and Cellulose Ltd, i Vancouver, B. G, Canada. tretOWAi. REPRESENTATIVES Great lakes-- *ROY E. JOHNSON, Kroehler Manufacturing co, Kankakee, III.; East-- i SETH JACKSON, safety officer, U. S. Forest Service, Washington, D. G; South-- I HARRY LAFFERTY. Nickey Brother*, Inc, Memphis, Tenn.; Canada-*^. M. ALLISON, B. G Lumber Manufacturer* Assn, Vancouver, B. G, Canada; West-- i `ROBERT M. GILMORE, Rayonier Inc, Hoquiam, Wash. ./ Engineering Coordinator--1 ARNDT SKONNING, woodwork engineer, Western Electric 4 co, Chicago, III. Sawmilling Committee:--M. H. FELL (Chairman), Edward Hines Lumber co, Hines, Ore.; R. M. DINWIDDIE, branch accident prevention manager, Employer* Mutuals ' of Wausau, Poriland, Ore.; E. A. Roles, Weyerhieuser Timber co, Longview, Wash.; t A. F. REINWART, T. H. Mastin & Co, St. Louis, Mo.; Advisor to Committee-- j *W. M. ALLISON, B. C. Lumber Manufacturer* Assn, Vancouver, B. C, Canada. I Lagging Committee: PAT REITEN- (Chairman), acting personnel manager, Simpson Logging Co, Portland, Ore; JOJufifltATKINSON, B. G District Council No. 1, t; I.W.A, Vancouver, B. C, Canada} HUGHD.1 LARKIN, J. R. Simplot Co, Boise, , Idaho; W. E. LYNN, Hiram Walker 4 Sous,Inc, Cooperage Div, Peoria, III.; ? PROF. J. KENNETH PEARCEjS Cpflegi forestry. University ol Washington, t Seattle, Wash.; Advisor to Commit ; DeQueen, Ark. /'t-. I T. DUNLOP, Dierks Forests Inc, '. I ______ .. ` Veneer and Plywood Committee: GORDQNjjMERCER (Chairman), Algoma Plywood and Veneer co, Algoma, Wis.; H.` UtnflSuER DREW, Medford corp, Medford, Ore.; B. E. KELLEY, United States Plywood 'torp. New York, N. Y.; H. F. MAP- SON, Canadian Western Lumber co, Fraser Mills, B. G, Canada; BYRON M.' f OYSTER, Weyerhaeuser Timber co, Tacoma Bldg, Tacoma, Wash. Furniture and Milhvork Committee: THOMAS H. FREDRICKSON (Chairman), Anderson corp, Bayport, Minn.; ROBERT L. RICHARDS, American Seating Co, Grand Rapids, Mich.; V. K. ANDERSON, Kroehler Manufacturing Co, Binghamton, N. Y.; Advisor to Committee--`JACK DUNMAN, The Mengel co, Louisville; Ky. 43 Trade A alions Committee: E. H. REEVES (Chairman), Lumbermen's Safety. Toronto, Ontario, Canada; E. H. CROSBY, Columbia Bain Logger* Asso, ' Ore.; HECTOR J. CRAIG, Western Retail Lumbermen's Assn., Winnipeg, Canada; Advisor to Committee--'LOUIS GLAZER, Dierks City, Mo. - V. Off-The-Job Safety Committee: 'WILLARD C. BOTTOMS, (Chairman),-`Farteyl Loetscher Mfg. Co., Dubuque, Iowa; WALTER A. GUSTAFSON, New YoricMttri Casualty Ins. co., New York, N. Y.; EDWARD BLASER, Dept, of Agriculture, l|ij| Forest Service, Portland, Ore.; WILLIAM HUIE, The Crosselt co., Crossed,; Contest and Statistics Committee: STANLEY J. jBUTCHER (Chainnan), Bun Labor Stds., U. S. Dept, of Labor, Washington,*D. C.; ROBERT P. MILLER, 1 national Paner co.. Long-Bell Div.. Longview. Wash.: JAMES F, VAN NA1 Assn, of Casualty and Surety Cos., New York, N. Y.; Adtnsor to Committee-- *C R. ZESKEY, JR., T. H. Mastin & Co., Kansas City, Mo, Visual Aids Committee: CHARLES H. JONES (Chairman), Michigan Mutual -- co., Chicago, 111.; L. W. HAGERUP, Lumbermens Mutual Casualty co., Chicago I C. R. RUSTEMEYER, Canadian Forest Products Ltd., Vancouver, B. C, Cat W. B. McSORLEY, JR., Huttig Sash & Door co., St. Louis, Mo.; Advisor to I millet--'ROY E. JOHNSON, Kroehler Manufacturing co., Kankakee, III. Nominating Committee: 'ROY E. JOHNSON (Giairman), Kroehler Manufacturing] Kankakee, III.; 'ROBERT M. GILMORE, general safety supervisor, Rayonier 1 Hoquiam, Wash.; 'CHARLES R. ZESKEY, JR., T. H. Mastin & co., Kansas I Mo. I Staff Representative--ROBERT CURRIE, National Safety Council, Chicago, 111. Past General Chairman of Section FICERS OF THE TEXTILE SECTION NATIONAL SAFETY COUNCIL 1957-58 Chairman--J. A. WINKLER, district engineering manager, American Mutual bility Insurance co., Atlanta, Ga. Chairman--E. L PERMENTER, supervising engineer, Loss Prevention department, y Mutual Insurance co., Spartanburg, S. G ~etary--FORREST N. PETTY, director safety and benefits, Dan River Mills, Inc., Danville, Va. .sting Committee--'CHARLES L. TROMMER, safety supervisor, Mohasco Indus tries, Inc., Amsterdam, N. Y.; 'GLENN G. FLEMING, safety director, Celanese Gorp. of America, Charlotte, N. C.; *H. S. BAUCOM, safely director, North Carolina Industrial Commission, Raleigli, N. G .ram Committee--MRS. IDA C. AYERS, personnel assistant, Collins and Aikntan Corp., Norwood, N. G; ALVIN RILEY, safety director. Firestone Textiles, Inc., Gastonia,- N. C.; ROY F. DEAN, safety supervisor, Conrlaulds (Alabama) Inc., Mobile, Ala. veering and Health Committee--W. M. KLEINMANN, safety director, Johnson and Johnson, Chicago, III.; FRANK W. MARCACCIO, chief, Division of Industrial In spection, Rhode Island Department of Labor, Providence, R. I.; *H. E. WILLIAMS, safety director, Ficldcrcst Mills, Inc., Spray, N. C.; JOHN B. SKINNER, industrial hygienist, American Mutual Liability insurance Co., Boston, Mass.; F. G. SMETHURST, district engineering manager, American Mutual Liability Insurance ' Co., Boston, Mass.; DR. WILLIAM D, FALES, dean, Textile Schools, Rhode Island School of Design, Providence, R.II.J W. G CREEL, safety director. North Carolina Department of Labor, Raleigli, N. G; RAY B. CREPPS, technical consultant hygi.nc and safety, Owens-Coming Fiberglas Corfc, Newark, Ohio. etasletter Committee--JAMES R. YOUNG, Tri-State Safely Journal, Anderson, S. G; ! NOEL WILLIAMS, United Stales Rubber co, Winnslioro, S. C. Education and Training--JOHN W. LANGFORD, safety engineer, Amerolron Corp, Aberdeen, N. C.; RALPH HOKE, Cannon Mills co, Kannapolis, N, C. Off-The-Job Safety Boy Seoul Program--A. E. CONNELLY, safety supervisor, E I. du Pont de Nemours & Co, Inc, Martinsville, Va.; C. L. HENKEL.-safely supervisor, E I. du Pont de Nemours & Co, Inc., Kinston, N. C.; 'MISS FRANCIS BETHUN E, Employers Mutual Liability Insurance co. of Wisconsin, Charlotte, N. C. i ooo.;tr:1 Membership Committee--WILLIAM A. HAWN, safety director, Grauiteville Mills, Graniteville, S. C.; ROBERT A. FOX, safety director, West Point Manufacturing co, Fairfax Mill Div, West Foint, Ga.; JOHN McALPINE, safety supervisor, 44 Celanese Corp. of America, Rock Hill, S. G 45 Textile .. /r Manufacturing Committee--FRED L. SNODGRASS, safety depa North American Rayon Corp., Elizabelhton, Tcnn.; R. J. COLLINS, American V Corp,, Nitro, West Va.; GUY BOOKER, safety supervisor, Clicmstrand Corp., Pew*- cola, Fla. 'wWfw Special Advisory Committee--`NEIL NELSON, American Mutual Liability Instt.co,, Manchester, N. H.j `HAROLD F. HAYDEN; `JOHN J. BURGER, W, Dickey & Sons, Inc., Oella, Md.; *H. S. BAUCOM; *W. B. WEAVER, Spray, N. MISS FRANCIS BETHUNE; *T, A. WILSON, Textile Insurance co. High ?. N. G; `GLENN G. FLEMING; `H. E WILLIAMS; C. J. HYSLUP, saf director, Chatham Manufacturing co., Elkin, N. C.; `CHARLES L. TROMM safety supervisor, Mohasco Industries, lifcl, Amsterdam, N, Y. if ' u Staff Representative--J. E. CROUSHORE, National Safety Council, Chicago. I:! *Past General Chairman. 'ii.f if jf: 000^3 46