Document 0xJOLm0Y9xLBqmjEKy46z31n

iim MimSmrnirn tija'iiii wttlfc V,irf?'iMir>^tftiiw'>ir11 U*109 Progre*! Report (Not (or ,*A>licariofl) v I ii l ! i INTERACTION BETWEEN Ll-AD PARTICULATES t IN MOTOR VEHICLE EXHAUST AND CERTAIN CROPS Prepared (or Inter national Lc.vl Zu- Rcn..irch Organization. Inc. 292 M.k 1io a Avcou New York. N. Y. UOI7 Mar M. 1967 Sopcrvianr: E A. Schuck Technician*: I l/Kkc T. Ilo **+*n*mf11 1,1 p'11 LIA12337 n iritili uraaatlHn " *' - ^ -- - * f ^~'a- - r.itjttiifea INTERACTION DliTWhKN I.EAI) I`ARTICULATES IN MOTOR VEHICLE EXHAUST AND CERTAIN CROPS I.. A. SchucA Introduction The purpose tf this Ih w mij ;.!* l ; as-**, tt*c impact of automotive lead particulates on certain cruc* grown m ar In.-hwjya. Particular a (tentton is to be directed U> cro.*-* aa received anJ used by die consumer. However, before these goal* car. tv realized tin parameter* which affect the analybcal and sampling proCv djrc* must .* analyzed. The details in this report outline the progress n-dc in JeveK*,vncnt of the skills and under* I standing required to carry out Un- investigation. 9 Summary A thirty-foot trailer h-i been equipp'd a* a acid sampling station. Sampks o4 ambient particulate*, ware;. v* g& union, and soil collected st this station are transported to a , .*) i..t>ui4li r> .sUbJished on the UCR campus. Two technicians were t. aim.v in tha U ibnir,ucs of dithtronc lead analysis St the California Male > V partnent u- Public Health Air and Industrial Hygiene Laboratory. ,"oe sampinu station is presently located near s ma)or rosdivd which bi*e is iIh - alfaiia fields on the Cooky Ranch bout five mtka south of Sun Ren.ardii. Time traffic count dau st this site la being furnished by t)n> (alifom.4 IY,vriirni .if Highways. Known lead solutions And digested particulate sampka were analyzed for * lead at UCR and at the California Male l*uMn Ihalth Laboratory. No i statistical difference between an-dyses at u* two laboratories can be m*** *<4W'J!..,,I mmummmw"" 7mi '--mu u mb p -h p h , -, 4 TM . LIA12338 ^ '1 e rri^fVuSSiaSMiaSllfjiiirVffl^iii wiiiaiiSBia 'i -irili T?infr" r1"- rrifltiiitiir 2 detected *t the 5% level of signif.. mcc. These analyse* further show that the minimum experimental error i he expecud is between 5 and 10%. Subsequent duplicate analyses at I'CR of di>a>UV. particulate filter* and freah alfalfa planta Indicate leva than a It/% v.m iiiv>n. Thin result implies consistency but not necessarily ..ccuracy of ti c .LgesUon process as applied to these particular samples. The data from the pariiculau- fillers indi. au- ambient lead concentrations are highest on downwind side of r.kidbcd anJ i.a; load concentrations drop off rapidly at increased distance* from roaJUd. Thus ambient lead concentrations at ISO feet from ivtvoroc.u edg- are about SO% of those found at a distance of 25 feet. The cou.ribiUi.n of til particulates generated on the roadbed to total ambient particulates is probably much lea* than 10%. Lead in patuculsr accounts for less tl. n 5% >( total particulate* st 25 feet from the pivement edge. The diurnal \.iruit<>n of :k total pariiculatcs correspond* closely with the presence of phoo* hem.ially '.umod aerosols while (he ambient lead concentration correspond* with raftic variations on the roadbed. Vegetation samples also c*l t >n a rpui u.o,ff of lead content with increased distance from the roa.U*.d. Alfalfa samples at 260 feet from roadbed contain about half as much lead as that found in samples st to feet. Sixty'five percent of the IcsJ associated with tlicsc alfalfa samples can be removed by two minutes of agita;i..n while sul nxrgrd In distilled water. A large portion of U>c 55% lead whah csf.n.4 tv rented in this manner may represent more tightly bound particulates tat vr than lead meorporsted into plant material. WWMNPWP j .'ijwpaipgwiif^ 1 LIA12339 / niaAliMi -Sr 3* Current effort concerns rnuM.^hrncnt of the ;urometer* which affect sampling and treatment of toll and vegetation. Once these are understood we can proceed to establish the it.n i action of s .ttmooUve lead emissions with the alfalfa forage crops st thl* particular Analytical Procedures Previous studies have tnd.cau v. the ucd for c;<rcful analytical techniques in order to obtain reliable IcaJ cu>Hvntration d.na. In order to generate the required skill, two technician*. ajv.u a tw-we\tc naming period at the California State Department of Public Ik.i.ih An and Industrial Hygiene Laboratories. Dr. Peter K. .Mulkr bu ;v t v i\J their instruction in the dithiaooe technique as applied to a.i. viwr, vi gelation. and soil aatnplea. et Subsequent to their return to UCR * third iccim.cian was trained in these r iS a i techniques. TVo icchnlcian* have k c ii wot km,: foil time on Una project since September 1966. Having been Instructed in then analytical pmcvdurcs It then became i necessary to demurstrate the ability tn apply th>a knowledge. This was accomplished by generating ambiv..: piriivol.iU. samples which were analyzed here and at the California State Pu.' ..c lk..ith laboratory. Particulate samples were collected on the D<ii< i'ampm on two*inch Gclman filters with an 0.S micron jure size. Airflow tales varied lntwecn 1 and 2 cfm and sample time between I and 11 bo\i, Alui dig. st.un ihc matures were diluted to 100 ml and a portion of n*.- matures 'orwarded to Ik-rkelcy. Ltqutd reference samples containing various At,aH>ta of added lead were also generated at UCH And st Berkeley m*l Analyzed by loth taborstories. The 1 .U I twipuf. mi-iu i.ji^iwimnnpi'Jii' "'-- ' ^ ] LIA12340 PRPPP results are shown In Tables I and ant) indicate less than a 10$ deviation between laboratories. Application >4 t>u- i*: . *b.wa no significant difference at Ihc 5% level. Thus *v liav. dcin<-ntratod the ability to apply the analytical technique* to refer.: vx* s<>luti<n ami to digested aerosol samples. The nest problem investigator was etc var.ati.m expected from us of different particulate samplers. b> t.ultanrous i-amplcs using two or three samplers in close proximity (with.* two fort) were generated at the Cooley Ranch alte. The rcaulu summar.\d in Tablo- T and 4 show less than a 10$ difference between lead cone, ^ration*, li. addition to demonstrating the equivalence of the aamplcrs Uv result* at* > twiicsi* that the digestion technique is consistent. ispm w w ivsipw !- ; LIA12341 4pp** r ipwBnmii);n" ,i w 0* Sample No. P-l P-2 P-3 P-4 P-S R-120 R-140 R-160 Reagent Blank i tblf I Simples ^i>mi:ioJ by l Tit (Aiwt.'i /.- d 2 ' i 7,'671 R. ti Refercoec Solution mri iu,., ,,g 100 ml Aiill. (.*:.!:,)(!) .. 1 `.2 m 12. 5 -- .12.: -- 7'. r. -- 7 i.l 120 11 v A 140 11'. 1 160 15" 0 1.2S (I) Air and Industrial Hygiene to! < .itpy California Suic IVpurtmcitt c iliblic IkMi-.t; Locke ICR 17.0 10.7 13.2 76.0 7X7 1I.V0 127.0 MI.O 0.7 Sample No. A-l A-2 A -3 A *4 A-3 l -bk- 2 Sample* Su milled by Alll. (1) (Aiuistwi V'/Oi;1 2 Rcfctcnce Solution ft* < ncci'frai"ii'.. "u Rg'lti'Ow Mml*l *e (2) Alia, <Ut) l*J 16: IMj 149 100 1(1. 102 103 0 2. Ik 00 200 211 lv# 216 SO 49. t >2 S2 Ho (2) U'CR) 141 IAS v0 III 0 1.5 iva 216 45 54 (1) Air and Industrial Hygiene loi~ i.iiorv California Mate Upufumnl of IVblic Ikalil (2) Each trchmclan ran fwo aiwt]\t u*.m^ li^ ilv different me duals fur transferring samples. ' w^w^i.apWpWjlp<(iP!P>^^ LIA12342 appaw ssteiriMiritfKi i ,.aato^Tfa^^-..Jte. Dale 3-15-67 3-15-67 3-15-67 3-16-67 3-16-67 (.'Ilk' .'! Simultaneous D-.ul i`" rtcul ih - Gncentratlona at < *>k Kano. ,VI<- Sample Starting Time 105$ nos 1620 0540 11*0 Length SamjHm, Tim. <m s> 2.6 1.0 2.1 3.0 1.0 Vol ' .H. rt J Am <M>* <.: 11.1 It.) n. 6.7 a.1S. 1 T. > 7. * 6.' 2.2 t.f 2. Sampler No. 1 2 1 2 i 2 3 1 2 3 1 2 3 Cone. ft>(l) In Air 4. S 4.6 3.2 3.5 10.4 II. 1 10.4 4.6 3.6 3. 6 S. 1 5.0 4.0 (1) Microgram* per eufcic meter Ml LIA12363 ^JllujiL-iii itfuiMSi'Pitrtertir^'^ ,::",r -7- Cable 4 Simultaneous leu.i rlirtl'ul.itc ,'j>nccn(rationa at Cbolcy Rancn Site (I) March 21, 19671 2 Sample Surung Time 0&10 Length Sampling Tint (hr*) 2.5 09)0 2.0 1121 2.0 1330 1556 2.2 3.0 S-impK r N*i. 1 2 3 1 2 i i 2 % 2 t 1 2 3 An-ilv-zcd By UKkc I.ockc Ho Locke l.ock< Ho Ho Ho Ivocke Lek* H Ho Ho Locke Locke Cone, of Rj In Air (2) 5.3 5,7 5.8 6.1 8.4 6.3 5.1 5.0 3.9 6. 1 6.6 6.1 7.5 7.4 6.6 (1) 40 feet from pavement edge. : It, r. f>: ,, 0 22 tncl<-a atwc grexmd facing ground. Two feet l%.-iw>.vn a;'>plcra. (2) Mtcrograma per cubic meter. iilliM'ff iJ ?' --**'"- *-*a>^-'-ai*J'-v- -f - 8 Laboratory and Equipment The thirty`foot trailer established us a f.cld sampling sutlon la quipped with instruments to c*m:i<uit>uly measure and record oxidant concentration by Mast ozone mew r. li^fu scaiicring by ftoyco Aerosol ftwtometer, wind speed, wind d.i .ctio i. unu.n,. temperature, and carbon dioxide concentrations, tf doalr-t>le oudituxs 1 irvasuroiKni* such aa total hydrocarbons can also be mcaaur. J. Electrical jxrwer to operate the particulate samplers and other t nton i-quii*rm: is obtained from the local power company. If such power i ixt available a can be supplied by a 30 kilowatt generator which is m....nte%i *ui uV live too truck used to transport the trailer. Provisions have been made tu $x rate this generator on non-leaded gasoline at a point It*feet away finm the trailer site. Pour portable particulate samplers h.j.c beer. .mmi .x tod and tested. Each sampler consists of s carbon vaiv vacu-.ii pur ip. dry test meter, pressure gauge, and a two inch filter r >tk>u..tcd 22 inches above ground facing the ground. Existing electrical tu`'lc alh/w* iteration of samples up to 1000 feet from trailer aitc. f>>rt,w-lc pner gi rvrators will be used for distances beyond thta point. Vimpii u> lx gated are transported to the UCR campus and analyzed In i 13 x .V) |i*,t laboratory, used exclusively for thia project. i < Sampling Site The Initial site was Chosen pi.naril) i<> p..nde adequate tests of the equipment and analytical pri^cJun . A ui.ilrkiwe and reliability are demonstrated this Cooley ftanth s .i. will u- us. J t<> study the impict of m !P<f  - #*: 1 w* w i-y/ffBUHiipiitii!if|Wiw>Piw^l'igB .MP': LPMJIPl# - 1 "f LIA1Z345 frr ^uiMimltsM I ht I'fiiiHft r I' ^ ^* *****-** - 1 -W- vehicle generated lead particul.v. t>n alfalfa , * a forage crop. The sampling trailer ia located on die cant side of a freeway wlterc alfalfa field* extend e**t and west for 1200 feet. T)> 'recw.iy cai rl i an average of "7,000 Vehicles per day. Traffic count- ::ikcn it the mu - are being furnished on an hourly ban* by the California lV,virte..: . li/ iway*. Continuous wind measurement* from April I. !**>: to M.y 10, lon7 show that 65 ot the time the daytime wind blew into tw east fk Id and that 75^ of the nighttime wind blew into the west field. Ambient Pa rt.cu la tes Particulate sample* were eu. cud .r. tle alfalfa fiehla east and we*t of the freeway. Distance of samplt :* from pm nvnt edge during Una study perltd varied from 25 la 150 fee*.. Table 5 *d ows results of initial tests using simultaneous sampling at 2S inJ * > feet ca*t of freeway. Amb.ent lead concentration* from a more complex *Cuw .nvolvmg samplers on both sides of freeway over a 12 hour :i.ik - p r.-d a-c shown in Table 6. Total particulate and p-rcent of lead ti. .Mrtici.iatc i->r ibis same 32 hour period are shown in Table 7. Wnx) dir etion t* slated in clock iioura with a 12 o'clock freeway heading. Samplers wen ,-lacew at i ,,nd ^o'clock. TV dau fiwn Table b as mi'irufiAd m ;`tg.re I sia/w that the lead particulate generated on the free* v moves w,th it*- win! direction. Tlw connecting line# In figure I tfo not indu.i.* v<**\ ivtratlon gradients and rv only used b illusirate the relation-tup u-tw.vn i, .id priieul'e measured at th various locations. Win n w|rx.` i* t.r* (iu tlic cast field the data WF w w y-iwwi iwmw V*".... ^ '*.lli..J^llpi^gP^liip|^pg^WpPff LIA12346 i i IXttc 3*30-67 4*3*67 4-5-67 4-6-67 -T- :~-111- ----- -*----- labit 3 Ambient l *-.k J i,h ik ..i.ii. ( ><.* ntraiiona UaM f ' rci - n .it i'..:vh Su* (mivi.^r.i i.ji |k i iu wr) H' . :* > T . <>. 1 10... t\ < V> **" 73 fi. liast 2.1 4.7 4.4 *.4 ;|. 6 3.4 4.5 (> Ambient f*4iti. > ! ii 11 j J r .... .nt ration* I Varitxa- Do., fi.m- .xi '. i:.tw* from i le ' Ct.,v^ H iK'i .Sill; (nno.yi .- i |X i u.i> ,r.iU'f) i r L. I Sample No. Date Jv.inplv Time 1 4*26*67 1247 l Vo. 2 13 XI* |4 Ji 3 1A ***-222/. 4 2213 *07 t* 5 4*27*67 07|v.joi \ 6 IU>4*II3a 7 l|33<lM S i m*iM i 6 l5V*2i*il '' ft. 2' ( . Ve*t l.J* I t.2 1.1 >>.2 i,(i i. 3 :, 4 1.0 1). s 1.0 0. T , -4 . 1 \. i V, '# 6. t : t>. t h. i l<o ft. Wind Lot Direction 3.5 12 V; 4.2 12 V) 2.3 1UV1 2.6 TtO 1.0 100 * KO 2.0 12 10 2.* 12V) 4.5 12V) Wind rr.pii 4.3 4.7 i. 1 2.1 2.4 3.6 3.3 5.0 4.2 *--*-" * `-^ ...... .............. -- ".i-' ;.:fl-Jsikw&^ jmiiuHuwPanjt.ini I,I. i].|..*i LIA12347 ' & % MtwaMtflhiMiiiUaiaMyab It Dote 4*26*67 4*27 -67 UMo 7 Ton) Particulate t j>mvnii xfii.cr .,,j fVrcrnt Ixad in l^irticuJiic mi Van-- i.^f^t.uvi`h u .h ! i))rccU(m> from Freeway ;.: ( j,l.y U.I Cl, Site (truerojir- u* fx. i cui>,.- n. ter) Sample No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 6 9 25 /u \\ %, t Pari. ; t%> 70 2.10 1. no 3. 1 I2U IhO *. N .370 2 sn t. .360 1 . * 230 f.. 4 2* ft liaat (lit i 1 H> lii 6.3 * 4.2 hi 3.2 III! 2.6 ;*. 3.4 INI 4. 1 0.6 \> 1.2 r* 2.9 130 ft. l^at I`.*rl. JZ Fa 130 2.7 240 1.7 70 3.6 90 2.3 170 2.4 .300 0.4 310 0.5 320 1.4 11a U* 3 *J0 4*3 4*5 4*6 4*26 4*27 14hk` x Maximum l)\ tii.. .i ip,* . '-a ljoe.itiiwu l>rwnu*u Kiverxuic lirtH Max. Max. 1 \ 13 K) 14 1 3 k) 12 IMu >4 14 13)0 . IS 33 1645 22 II JO ! I? i-y Ranch ( San flernardinn SllC * `TTm-----Mux. Time Max. "TimeMax. Max. 16 X 1*41' 6 5 943 >4 11 INJO I. 10 I6V3 II t3 1613 2a 1745 I 19 16*0 s* 1210 ' 14 1223 I m mm S^mmm LIA12348 > S1 & - \ f 12 Indicate the rapid decrease in amimni lend concentrations at Increased distance* from the freeway. The total particulate data in ''.iblc T induau- that lead represent* only a small fraction of thin inuil. h. . mr.M l>-aj concentration* the total particulates do not aifcstanualh i.u rm ( la k ~) j the air ma* posse* over the freeway. This further toe -nutl contribution of all rypes of particulate* which are emitted < llv lu eway. A* illustrated In Figure II the peak particulate concernTMti>*. , do im correlate well with the time of the morning and evening traffic ;x ok*, Rather u.e*e particulate peaks occur at times when photochemical!)* fo: med aerosols jre at their maximum concentration*. This u furtlvr illustrated h) examination of the oxidant data in Table *. The time* if u urtiis:. otid...*,: ..s measured at four stations within tin? sul firuixiing .11. m,is*> Cr< File with Uv tunes of particulate (Vak* In figure II. \ Rovcu At r>>^o| photometer operated Jt the Gnok-y Itanch Sue alsuc>*ri 'h-d we.l. itx p.iticul.de jxuks ir. Figure tl. \\getaiir>n Samples Alfalfa plants were colkete>. >t v.inon* distmco* cast and west of the freeway at the (i>Iey Ranch Siu . The ic>*n. <1 analysis for lead conlent arc summarized in Tahk* u, j,,. .rn;>U re *1. -cnls the top u inches of 70 alfalfa plants which were cut -na a .*) |.-a Ins {\iralkl to ihe freeway at the noted distance. Tla* .mi, t w iv diet miu two p>rttor for duplicate analysis. (Vnh va^ w.- west **.i>pn s odivatc incieased lead Content as U* freeway is ap,>io. ..d. c -mi held samples exhibit a higinT lead content which nvi> N tc: s >ti u>o daytime vo<d puttern. W mMU'iw. J > *'i SJSJU* 11,1^11 'iw ...l utmfi |t.*sy 'wmm mm m WP LIA12349 / , iiif^iifiMi^awii-;<?iifo 13- The cast field aamplcs also slww an apjurt-nl lead buildup with time. However, this buildup of le;*d o*nt--nt with time as well a* the difference between cast and west samples u- ty have tlx-i.- -t'in in other factors. Tlx unacceptable variation in many <( the dupica e* in Table 9 should be noted. One possible source of the diffeu,\cv* may U ti- variation in lead content between stems and leaves. Tabu 10 ;>*** that lead associated with the leaves is three tunes as great a* lead associated with the stems. Varistioo in leaf to stem ratio as a functus >4 pi-roi growth tunc may therefore he partly responsible for tlx- builds, ,4 lead war tin*- aud for tlx- difference between cast and west samples. However, uu- dau also induvie mu leaf sum ratios cannot explain Certain of tlx discrepancies. Ir. .able * the umiysis of fresh plants shows less than a ?C difference ix-twcce dupl.eaU- sample*. Wfx-n similar samples are dried the differerxv between ..uplicatc* u* creases sidistantialiy. In addition 31 v of tlx- samples lest,for x-af ! m ratio (Table lU) show a 10 to 2t>-differerx'e between du, . cates. it*. <<>vi..u inefficiency of U>c > washing Recess rosy be con-.nl> -.tag i>> this t .ir.ition; htssever, d>c data in Table 9 also suggest Us- drying prise*.* .uelf a* a source of error. The washing pliers* c >>..m*' >f Hi *. in I* agitation Slier *U>m- rsiofl of the sample in distilled water. '-ueet , ,i . .lugs show that 3Vof the lead Content cannot Iv ri i*<\ d in c . on u.r, A large put ton of this remaining lead rosy ropiest >u ir.>.o n^uiy U-.nv! load particwlatv. 1 V ar lations m wa shi ng tviltiM-.a I I.d - >l .it *. I. a re be ing 1 hvo's ti galo-d# WS-J.U.I lU *1 LIA12350 taAAaHnriifeJ -------- ----- Table 9 -- ---------- Lend Content of Alfalfa Plant* at Gioley Ranch Site Micrugrams per gin of Alfalfa Simple IVite Distance* I'twanhed and Direction fresh Unwashed Washed once Dry Drv Washed Twice Dry Washed Throe Timea Dry 3*15*67 (fast field harvested 3*7 -67) no ft. Hast 160 ft. East 2f0 ft, Itast 5.95 3.08 1.58 1.49 1.08 .?.! 3-27-6" Ml f. } |*t . 46 12.6 17.4 I im it. i i>-t r.vo 5. 55 27.4 22.6 14.6 10.2 14.6 8.7 2Ml tt. 4. .>; 17.3 7.9 1 'V " ** ' lv k- tl *\ 4.n* I 11.1 hi. 2 5.5 7. ` hj r vested 7. So 17. 5 16.8 1 2v ! *) nl<t. Ai.t s. r 19. 1 10.7 5.52 13.2 12. 1 2K) ft. West 5. 34 20.8 10.8 6.23 14 0 8.2 4-21 -67 vo ft. 1 a*i 1 sn ft, West 44.6 77.2 14.8 16.5 >4. i 17. 7 8.0 8. J 10.4 18.4 /. 6 5.3 13. 3 25.0 5.1 6. 7 ^11-67 SO ft. Hast VI) ft. West 33.4 36.4 16.2 12.3 16.: 12.7 5.8 6.8 11.9 12.5 6.0 4.9 9. 5 11.6 5. 3 4.7 % ' iiJilMPim "'tuwipi * i n y.,1, wpi|i)ii UML .. W- 11 'HW 1,111 ^ A 5 4^ i i npivii mm mmmsp* LIA12351 MaMiiua nW --<> * 15* n.H, in Lau J Onoci-njr.fi *n-* it Dr/ v Dry Washed Plants and I*- -a rjr: All li., Unwashed Washed Once Washed TWice Washed Three Times (in . mgj.a*it* ;x-, p i Jry plant material) KnUr. ,^ln' leaves 27. li 25.5 12. v 13.1 13.1 U.li .h h.* H. T *.S 5. n 3. 5 l.h :.:i ..ii 2(4. 3 2v>.8 IV. 9 16.4 12.4 12.8 v. 9 U.2 > *G!*9*9rWI* m W mwwijwmmm LIA12352 - - ..... teuiitoiy f. ..<# l Ukl Ptrcltlllttrl tl Dir<-u l 02 t'nri (>> ' Dutanc* n4 ft'*. ..44l< t - V' r .!;) V DU t V>4 * * 4 Ol . I f < ff *`fm WwgP .^MrljLillYl^^^^ ft s LIA1235 3 *+ **> MOaSixi,. r ,,ufc 1J to(4l P-tfC Ic Vj J 41 * --* ""*- -`--H 5 9 m*< n T * . IJW.,B ?Wf wur MMPR^MP \ ipmillli1 LIA12354 m ^ ^.V.0VI cMMBMratit f` iitffffltr'r :^-r ,1 mwo miner s o x ak t Issue Dates August 1967 mew SO, LB-109 TITtt Study of the Belatlooahlp between the Lead from Motor Vehicle txhsust cad that la Cooeuaer Crop* PurriOUB HOTITTCATIOS UU-1 Air Transport of Load Cnmpcmwda Present la '---- Automobile Exhaust Oaaaa COWTHACTOH OBIvanity of California c u k k p t egrmer b o m CTPCIATTVX PCTf&ia (to July Jl, 1967) $17,900.00 1968 fWOFOSP OB COTMCT m3 $30,909 mso $19759^50 m $197^.50 TOTAL $K559 1968 APTBOPgATTOi iyt.7 A Prior Authoruattom Obccnmltted 1968 Proposed Astborliatloo Uodeslfrated RNMrcft Authorisation 1968 Proponed or Contract Price (19,kJk.J0 nooe 1.55,909 t$19,^ >50 ILZAOj $19>9k.50 m) MAWOr AmjCATiOSS Direct to gasoline addltiva, and Indirectly to ct ethor ne of lead. Q&JICTIVI To pr-vld* informal!to about the contribution of lead fra* (UtllM coyest too la area* near aad far froa highway* to plant* aod aalaal Ilf*. iicmCT Kxvrm V. Currer.*. >Tsus A motile field sailing * tat loo was equipped aad tested. 2. Pro>rtel ju-arch To determine the Interaction pattern* of automotive lead part:?-..*'.* and an alfalfa crop at distance* up to 1200 feet from the httfivay. To determine the if. erect Ion or lack thereof between the euhmleroB lead particulates aod the plant material. J- Reports ?>ued a. fr ^.i i priori* * c m dated My )1, 1?67. b. FT7-"s; - Driw-o nzcrr nm t u b s t ax t i* txrt. l, 1967 os A mart or -:i *r.>rx*r,if:r mt v o t t x z l c ad no* mroa mien ec aau pt aad t h at IS CthS'jKDt CMOfS. C. V-)'k (fs'eaefit ty.TRofwctr Ktv:a* 1. f 1' i Trt.i - fu* net applicable. 2, Cor* -mer Ira'.sUia not applicable. ). lUtr.U4 Artivitie# not applicable, b. fatret* - not applicable J. PuPli.-at tons a. tLOC cone b. Development Assoctal Iona * sqpss|piM MMsHsawMm^aeeieslaaBaaMUmtemMa^maamMUWmlBmaliamitUmB r i *** LIA12355 tm ' ] -ii 'i i&m msm jiAd 11*1(9 X1W nOJKT SUMMIT (*|< two wxmoKLC ncvrrrvT 1. Mirut pool* - Maintain worU aartat. 2. Aotllcattool and Narfcat Volu-- DM aa gaaollna addltlwo. J. Bit* of ttu-fcat Dfodtna 230,000 too* of land la U.A.A. and 31,000 too* la Buropa. k. Coaprtltlra ftrwt Cbaopa rtflalac taohalflu* to llaiaaU load additivwa. 1 o UWIP1L. t ' WUl >'